H.R. 2250

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 2250 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. R. 2250

To reauthorize the National Landslide Preparedness Act, and for other 
purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

March 21, 2025

Ms. DelBene (for herself, Mr. Newhouse, Ms. Schrier, Ms. Perez, Ms. 
Randall, Mr. Smith of Washington, Mr. Larsen of Washington, and Ms. 
Strickland) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, and in addition to the 
Committee on Natural Resources, for a period to be subsequently 
determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such 
provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

A BILL

To reauthorize the National Landslide Preparedness Act, and for other 
purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``National Landslide Preparedness Act 
Reauthorization Act of 2025''.

SEC. 2. CERTAIN DEFINITIONS UNDER FLOOD LEVEL OBSERVATION, OPERATIONS, 
AND DECISION SUPPORT ACT.

(a) Definitions.--Section 12(a) of the Flood Level Observation, 
Operations, and Decision Support Act (15 U.S.C. 9707(a)) is amended--
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as paragraphs 
(4) and (5), respectively; and
(2) by inserting before paragraph (4) (as so redesignated) 
the following:
``(1) Atmospheric river.--The term `atmospheric river' 
means a transient corridor of strong water vapor in the 
atmosphere that--
``(A) produces significant quantities of rain or 
snow; and
``(B) may be primarily beneficial to the water 
supply or hazardous due to flooding.
``(2) Atmospheric river flooding event.--The term 
`atmospheric river flooding event' means an atmospheric river 
that--
``(A) results in flooding of rivers and streams or 
other hazards to human life, property, or the economy; 
and
``(B) is of particular concern to human health, 
property, and the economy, as determined by the 
Secretary of Commerce.
``(3) Extreme precipitation event.--The term `extreme 
precipitation event' means precipitation quantities exceeding 
the 5-year annual recurrence interval for a specific 
location.''.
(b) Requirements.--Section 12(d)(1) of the Flood Level Observation, 
Operations, and Decision Support Act (15 U.S.C. 9707(d)(1)) is amended 
by inserting ``, such as precipitation resulting from hurricanes, 
atmospheric river flooding events, and extreme precipitation events'' 
before the period at the end.

SEC. 3. REAUTHORIZATION OF NATIONAL LANDSLIDE PREPAREDNESS ACT.

(a) Definitions.--Section 2 of the National Landslide Preparedness 
Act (43 U.S.C. 3101) is amended--
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (4) through (12) as 
paragraphs (7), (8), (10), (11), (13), (14), (15), and (16), 
respectively;
(2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
``(4) Atmospheric river.--The term `atmospheric river' has 
the meaning given the term in section 12(a) of the Flood Level 
Observation, Operations, and Decision Support Act (15 U.S.C. 
9707(a)).
``(5) Atmospheric river flooding event.--The term 
`atmospheric river flooding event' has the meaning given the 
term in section 12(a) of the Flood Level Observation, 
Operations, and Decision Support Act (15 U.S.C. 9707(a)).
``(6) Extreme precipitation event.--The term `extreme 
precipitation event' has the meaning given the term in section 
12(a) of the Flood Level Observation, Operations, and Decision 
Support Act (15 U.S.C. 9707(a)).'';
(3) by inserting after paragraph (8), as so redesignated, 
the following:
``(9) Institution of higher education.--The term 
`institution of higher education' has the meaning given the 
term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
U.S.C. 1001(a)).'';
(4) by inserting after paragraph (11), as so redesignated, 
the following:
``(12) Native hawaiian organization.--The term `Native 
Hawaiian organization' has the meaning given the term in 
section 6207 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 
1965 (20 U.S.C. 7517), except that the term includes the 
Department of Hawaiian Home Lands and the Office of Hawaiian 
Affairs.''; and
(5) by adding at the end the following:
``(17) Tribal organization.--The term `Tribal organization' 
has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-
Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).''.
(b) National Landslide Hazards Reduction Program.--
(1) Establishment.--Section 3(a)(3) of the National 
Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(a)(3)) is amended by 
striking ``protect'' and inserting ``contribute to 
protecting''.
(2) Program activities.--Section 3(b)(1)(C)(ii) of the 
National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 
3102(b)(1)(C)(ii)) is amended by striking ``implement'' and 
inserting ``disseminate''.
(3) National strategy.--Section 3(b)(2) of the National 
Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(b)(2)) is amended--
(A) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (C) 
as clauses (i) through (iii), respectively, and 
indenting appropriately;
(B) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as so 
redesignated), by striking ``Not later than'' and 
inserting the following:
``(A) In general.--Not later than''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(B) Assessment.--For purposes of the first 
national strategy published after the date of enactment 
of the National Landslide Preparedness Act 
Reauthorization Act of 2025 under subparagraph (A), the 
Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of 
Commerce, shall include an assessment of the risks that 
atmospheric river flooding events and extreme 
precipitation events pose to the safety of life and 
property in the United States with respect to landslide 
hazards.''.
(4) National landslide hazards database.--Section 3(b)(3) 
of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 
3102(b)(3)) is amended--
(A) by redesignating subparagraphs (C) and (D) as 
subparagraphs (D) and (E), respectively; and
(B) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the 
following:
``(C) the identification of areas in need of 
additional hazard risk assessment, including areas that 
may be at risk due to--
``(i) hydrology or changes in hydrology 
that may include erosion, drought, or other 
characteristics that could impact landslide 
risk;
``(ii) atmospheric river flooding events 
and extreme precipitation events, as identified 
by the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary;
``(iii) geologic activity, such as volcanic 
eruptions, earthquakes, or tsunamis; or
``(iv) data-poor areas or hazards with poor 
monitoring that could contribute to increased 
landslide risk;''.
(5) Landslide hazard and risk preparedness for 
communities.--Section 3(b)(4) of the National Landslide 
Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(b)(4)) is amended--
(A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
inserting ``Native Hawaiian organizations and other 
stakeholders, as appropriate,'' before ``and Indian 
tribes'';
(B) in subparagraph (A)--
(i) in the matter preceding clause (i), by 
striking ``local, and Tribal governments and 
decisionmakers'' and inserting ``and local 
governments, Indian tribes, Tribal 
organizations, Native Hawaiian organizations, 
and other decisionmakers'';
(ii) by striking clause (iii) and inserting 
the following:
``(iii) health and safety with respect to 
landslides;'';
(iii) by redesignating clause (iv) as 
clause (v); and
(iv) by inserting after clause (iii) the 
following:
``(iv) reducing losses from landslides, 
including the threats caused by atmospheric 
rivers and other extreme precipitation events; 
and''; and
(C) in subparagraph (B)--
(i) in clause (i), by striking ``local, and 
Tribal officials'' and inserting ``and local 
officials, Indian tribes, Tribal organizations, 
and Native Hawaiian organizations''; and
(ii) in clause (ii), by striking ``local, 
and Tribal emergency managers'' and inserting 
``and local emergency managers and emergency 
managers of Indian tribes, Tribal 
organizations, and Native Hawaiian 
organizations''.
(6) Debris flow early warning system.--Section 3(b)(5) of 
the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(b)(5)) 
is amended--
(A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``State, 
territorial, local, and Tribal governments'' and 
inserting ``State, territorial, and local governments, 
Indian tribes, Tribal organizations, and Native 
Hawaiian organizations'';
(B) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (C) 
as clauses (i) through (iii), respectively, and 
indenting appropriately;
(C) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as so 
redesignated), by striking ``In carrying out'' and 
inserting the following:
``(A) In general.--In carrying out''; and
(D) by adding at the end the following:
``(B) Consultation.--In carrying out subparagraph 
(A), the Secretary may consult with an institution of 
higher education described in subsection (d)(2)(B)(iv) 
and other stakeholders to establish and support 
emergency response procedures, as appropriate.''.
(7) Emergency response activities.--Section 3(b)(6) of the 
National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(b)(6)) is 
amended--
(A) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (C) 
as clauses (i) through (iii), respectively, and 
indenting appropriately;
(B) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as so 
redesignated), by striking ``In carrying'' and 
inserting the following:
``(A) In general.--In carrying'';
(C) in subparagraph (A) (as so designated)--
(i) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as 
so redesignated), by inserting ``Native 
Hawaiian organizations,'' before ``and Indian 
tribes'';
(ii) in clause (ii) (as so redesignated), 
by striking ``and'' at the end;
(iii) in clause (iii) (as so redesignated), 
by striking the period at the end and inserting 
``; and''; and
(iv) by adding at the end the following:
``(iv) to improve real-time risk management 
during landslide events, including with respect 
to landslide events caused by--
``(I) hydrology or changes in 
hydrology that may include erosion, 
drought, or other characteristics that 
could impact landslide risk;
``(II) atmospheric river flooding 
events and extreme precipitation 
events, as identified by the Secretary 
of Commerce and the Secretary;
``(III) geologic activity, such as 
volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, or 
tsunamis;
``(IV) data-poor areas or hazards 
with poor monitoring that could 
contribute to increased landslide risk; 
or
``(V) thawing permafrost and 
glacial retreat causing destabilization 
of slopes.''; and
(D) by adding at the end the following:
``(B) Consultation.--In carrying out subparagraph 
(A), the Secretary may consult with an institution of 
higher education described in subsection (d)(2)(B)(iv) 
and the private sector.''.
(8) Interagency coordinating committee on landslide 
hazards.--Section 3(c)(2) of the National Landslide 
Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(c)(2)) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
``(J) The Administrator of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration.''.
(9) Advisory committee.--Section 3(d)(2)(B) of the National 
Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(d)(2)(B)) is 
amended--
(A) in clause (iii), by striking ``geological''; 
and
(B) in clause (vi), by striking ``local, and Tribal 
emergency management agencies'' and inserting ``and 
local emergency management agencies and emergency 
management agencies of Indian tribes and Native 
Hawaiian organizations''.
(10) Regional partnerships.--Section 3 of the National 
Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is amended--
(A) by redesignating subsections (e) through (i) as 
subsections (f) through (j), respectively; and
(B) by inserting after subsection (d) the 
following:
``(e) Regional Partnerships.--
``(1) In general.--As soon as practicable after the date of 
enactment of the National Landslide Preparedness Act 
Reauthorization Act of 2025, the Secretary shall establish in 
the State of Alaska and other regions, as the Secretary 
determines to be appropriate, a regional partnership with an 
eligible partner described in paragraph (2).
``(2) Eligible partners.--An organization or institution of 
higher education with expertise in landslide mapping, research, 
and monitoring shall be eligible for a regional partnership 
under paragraph (1).
``(3) Purposes and duties.--A regional partnership 
established under paragraph (1) shall--
``(A) allow the Secretary to leverage applicable 
expertise in regional organizations;
``(B) coordinate long-term landslide research 
specific to the applicable region; and
``(C) align interagency landslide monitoring 
efforts.''.
(11) Grant programs.--Section 3 of the National Landslide 
Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is amended, in paragraph (1) 
of subsection (f) (as so redesignated)--
(A) in subparagraph (A)(i), by striking ``local, 
and Tribal governments to research, map, assess'' and 
inserting ``and local governments, Indian tribes, 
Tribal organizations, and Native Hawaiian organizations 
to research, map, assess, monitor'';
(B) in subparagraph (B)--
(i) in clause (i), by inserting 
``institutions of higher education described in 
subsection (d)(2)(B)(iv),'' before ``and Indian 
tribes''; and
(ii) in clause (ii)--
(I) by redesignating subclauses 
(II) through (IV) as subclauses (III) 
through (V), respectively; and
(II) by inserting after subclause 
(I) the following:
``(II) in regions that have 
recently experienced loss of life due 
to landslides;''; and
(C) in subparagraph (C)--
(i) in clause (i), by inserting ``awarded'' 
after ``grants''; and
(ii) in clause (ii), by striking ``made'' 
and inserting ``or other accomplishments 
resulting''.
(12) Significant events.--Section 3 of the National 
Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is amended, in 
subsection (h)(3) (as so redesignated), by striking ``local, 
and Tribal partners'' and inserting ``and local partners, 
Indian tribes, Tribal organizations, and Native Hawaiian 
organizations''.
(13) Funding.--Section 3 of the National Landslide 
Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is amended, in subsection (i) 
(as so redesignated)--
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
striking ``2024'' and inserting ``2030''; and
(B) in paragraph (1), by striking ``there is 
authorized to be appropriated to the United States 
Geological Survey, $25,000,000 to carry out this 
section'' and inserting ``from amounts appropriated or 
otherwise made available to the United States 
Geological Survey, $35,000,000 shall be used to carry 
out this section, of which not less than $10,000,000 
shall be used for the purchase, deployment, and repair 
of landslide early warning systems in high risk 
areas''.
(c) 3D Elevation Program.--
(1) Establishment.--Section 5(a) of the National Landslide 
Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3104(a)) is amended--
(A) in paragraph (1)(A), by inserting ``and 
derivative'' after ``3D elevation''; and
(B) in paragraph (2)(B)(i), by inserting ``, 
process, and integrate'' after ``acquire''.
(2) 3D elevation federal interagency coordinating 
committee.--Section 5(b)(3) of the National Landslide 
Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3104(b)(3)) is amended--
(A) by redesignating subparagraphs (D) and (E) as 
subparagraphs (E) and (F), respectively; and
(B) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the 
following:
``(D) the 3D Hydrography Program Working Group;''.
(3) Grants and cooperative agreements.--Section 5(d)(3) of 
the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3104(d)(3)) 
is amended by striking ``publically'' and inserting 
``publicly''.
(4) Funding.--Section 5(e) of the National Landslide 
Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3104(e)) is amended by striking 
``2024'' and inserting ``2030''.
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