H.R. 2788

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 2788 Introduced in House (IH)]

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119th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. R. 2788

To amend title 23, United States Code, to provide for a national 
standard to prevent driving while intoxicated by requiring ignition 
interlocks for DWI offenders, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

April 9, 2025

Mr. Mann (for himself, Mr. Pappas, Mr. Smith of New Jersey, and Mr. 
Raskin) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure

_______________________________________________________________________

A BILL

To amend title 23, United States Code, to provide for a national 
standard to prevent driving while intoxicated by requiring ignition 
interlocks for DWI offenders, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``End Driving While Intoxicated Act of 
2025'' or the ``End DWI Act of 2025''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds the following:
(1) According to Mothers Against Drunk Driving, there has 
been a historic increase in alcohol-impaired driving fatalities 
since 2019 resulting in one person dying in a driving while 
intoxicated crash in the United States every 39 minutes.
(2) According to the National Highway Traffic Safety 
Administration, between 2020 and 2021, driving while 
intoxicated deaths increased 14 percent and 13,384 people were 
killed, a level not seen since 2006.
(3) Studies show that ignition interlocks reduce 
recidivism, by up to 70 percent, among first-time, repeat and 
high-risk driving while intoxicated offenders while they are 
installed.
(4) Ignition interlocks are required for people who have 
been convicted for driving while intoxicated in 31 States and 
the District of Columbia, according to the National Conference 
of State Legislators.
(5) The rise in polysubstance impaired driving 
significantly increases the crash risk on our nation's roads.
(6) One 2018 study from Washington State revealed that 
polysubstance impairment was the most common type of impairment 
found among drivers involved in fatal crashes between 2008 and 
2016 and among drivers involved in fatal crashes during this 
timeframe, 44 percent tested positive for 2 or more substances 
with alcohol and THC being the most common combination.

SEC. 3. NATIONAL STANDARD FOR IGNITION INTERLOCKS FOR DWI OFFENDERS.

(a) In General.--Chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 180. National standard for ignition interlocks for DWI offenders
``(a) Withholding of Apportionments for Non-Compliance.--
``(1) Fiscal year 2027.--The Secretary shall withhold 3 
percent of the amount required to be apportioned to any State 
under each of paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 104(b) on 
October 1, 2026, if the State does not meet the requirements of 
paragraph (3) on such date.
``(2) Subsequent fiscal years.--The Secretary shall 
withhold 5 percent of the amount required to be apportioned to 
any State under each of paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 
104(b) on October 1, 2027, and on October 1 of each fiscal year 
thereafter, if the State does not meet the requirements of 
paragraph (3) on such date.
``(3) Requirements.--
``(A) In general.--A State meets the requirements 
of this paragraph if the State has enacted and is 
enforcing a law mandating a restriction on driving 
privileges for a driving while intoxicated offender 
that limits the individual to operating only motor 
vehicles with an ignition interlock device installed, 
unless a special exception applies (as determined by 
the respective State), for a minimum period of 180 days 
and remain without a violation for a minimum period (as 
determined by the respective State) that precedes the 
date of the removal of the restriction.
``(B) Interlock period.--The interlock period 
described in subparagraph (A) may be served by the 
individual during an administrative license suspension 
period, post-conviction, or a combination of both, as 
determined by the respective State.
``(b) Period of Availability; Effect of Compliance and Non-
Compliance.--
``(1) Period of availability of withheld funds.--
``(A) Funds withheld on or before september 30, 
2028.--Any funds withheld under subsection (a) from 
apportionment to any State on or before September 30, 
2028, shall remain available until the end of the third 
fiscal year following the fiscal year for which the 
funds are authorized to be appropriated.
``(B) Funds withheld after september 30, 2028.--No 
funds withheld under this section from apportionment to 
any State after September 30, 2028, shall be available 
for apportionment to the State.
``(2) Apportionment of withheld funds after compliance.--
If, before the last day of the period for which funds withheld 
under subsection (a) from apportionment are to remain available 
for apportionment to a State under paragraph (1)(A), the State 
meets the requirements of subsection (a)(3), the Secretary 
shall, on the first day on which the State meets the 
requirements, apportion to the State the funds withheld under 
subsection (a) that remain available for apportionment to the 
State.
``(3) Period of availability of subsequently apportioned 
funds.--
``(A) In general.--Any funds apportioned under 
paragraph (2) shall remain available for obligation 
until the end of the third fiscal year following the 
fiscal year in which the funds are so apportioned.
``(B) Treatment of certain funds.--Sums not 
obligated at the end of the period referred to in 
subparagraph (A) shall lapse.
``(4) Effect of non-compliance.--If, at the end of the 
period for which funds withheld under subsection (a) from 
apportionment are available for apportionment to a State under 
paragraph (1)(A) of this subsection, the State does not meet 
the requirements of subsection (a)(3), the funds shall lapse.
``(c) Definitions.--In this section:
``(1) Driving while intoxicated.--The term `driving while 
intoxicated' has the meaning given such term in section 164 and 
section 405.
``(2) Ignition interlock.--The term `ignition interlock' 
has the meaning given the term `ignition interlock system' in 
section 1275.3 of title 23, Code of Federal Regulations.
``(3) Motor vehicle.--The term `motor vehicle' has the 
meaning given such term in section 32101 of title 49.
``(4) Special exception.--The term `special exception' has 
the meaning defined by a State in law or regulation with 
respect to an ignition interlock device that may include that 
the individual is required to operate an employer's motor 
vehicle in the course and scope of employment and the business 
entity that owns the vehicle is not owned by the individual.
``(5) Violation.--The term `violation' has the meaning 
defined by a State in law or regulation with respect to an 
ignition interlock device that may include failing a breath 
test, failing to take or pass a re-test, circumventing an 
ignition interlock, tampering with an ignition interlock, or a 
combinations of the actions described in this paragraph.''.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to 
section 179 the following:

``180. National standard for ignition interlocks for DWI offenders.''.
(c) Conforming Amendments.--
(1) Minimum penalties for repeat offenders.--Section 
164(a)(6) of title 23, United States Code, is amended by 
striking ``or controlled''.
(2) National priority safety programs.--Section 405(d)(6) 
of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(A) in subparagraph (A)(ii) by striking 
``registered, owned, or leased for operation'' and 
inserting ``operated''; and
(B) in subparagraph (F)(i) by striking ``or 
controlled''.
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