H.R. 3823

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 3823 Introduced in House (IH)]

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119th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. R. 3823

To prevent the illegal sale of firearms, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

June 6, 2025

Mr. Quigley (for himself, Mr. Johnson of Georgia, Ms. Norton, Mr. 
Thanedar, Mr. Moulton, Mr. Torres of New York, Mr. Kennedy of New York, 
Mrs. Cherfilus-McCormick, Mr. Davis of Illinois, Mr. Krishnamoorthi, 
Mr. Cleaver, Mr. Auchincloss, Mr. Bell, Mr. Neguse, Mr. Latimer, Mr. 
DeSaulnier, Mr. Casten, Mr. Smith of Washington, Ms. Johnson of Texas, 
Mrs. Foushee, Mr. Beyer, Ms. Schakowsky, and Mr. Goldman of New York) 
introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on 
the Judiciary

_______________________________________________________________________

A BILL

To prevent the illegal sale of firearms, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``Trafficking Reduction And Criminal 
Enforcement Act'' or the ``TRACE Act''.

SEC. 2. REGULATORY REQUIREMENT TO MARK FIREARMS WITH SECOND, HIDDEN 
SERIAL NUMBER.

(a) In General.--Within 12 months after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Attorney General shall promulgate final regulations 
that require each firearm manufactured in the United States on or after 
the effective date of the regulation, to be marked with a serial number 
that is located inside the receiver of the firearm or that is visible 
only in infrared light, in addition to the serial number with which the 
firearm is otherwise required by law to be marked.
(b) Definition of Receiver.--Section 921(a) of title 18, United 
States Code, is amended--
(1) in paragraph (3)--
(A) by inserting ``, including an unfinished frame 
or receiver'' after ``such weapon''; and
(B) by striking ``or (D) any destructive device'' 
and inserting ``; (D) any destructive device; or (E) 
any combination of parts designed or intended for use 
in converting any device into a firearm and from which 
a firearm may be readily assembled'';
(2) in paragraph (10)--
(A) by striking ``and the'' and inserting ``the''; 
and
(B) by inserting ``; and the term `manufacturing 
firearms' shall include assembling a functional firearm 
from an unfinished frame or receiver or from molding, 
machining, or 3D printing a frame or receiver, and 
shall not include making or fitting special barrels, 
stocks, or trigger mechanisms to firearms'' before the 
period; and
(3) by inserting after paragraph (30) the following:
``(31) The term `unfinished frame or receiver' means any forging, 
casting, printing, extrusion, machined body or similar article that--
``(A) has reached a stage in manufacture at which it may 
readily be completed, assembled, or converted to be used as the 
frame or receiver of a functional firearm; or
``(B) is marketed or sold to the public to become or be 
used as the frame or receiver of a functional firearm once 
completed, assembled, or converted.''.

SEC. 3. REQUIREMENT TO PRESERVE INSTANT CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK 
RECORDS FOR 180 DAYS.

(a) In General.--Section 922(t)(2)(C) of title 18, United States 
Code, is amended by inserting ``after the 180-day period that begins 
with the date the system complies with subparagraphs (A) and (B),'' 
before ``destroy''.
(b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 511 of division B of the 
Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2012 (34 U.S.C. 
40901 note; Public Law 112-55; 125 Stat. 632) is amended--
(1) by striking ``for--'' and all that follows through 
``(1)''; and
(2) by striking the semicolon and all that follows and 
inserting a period.
(c) Regulations.--Within 180 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Attorney General shall prescribe regulations to 
implement the amendments made by this section.

SEC. 4. REQUIREMENT THAT LICENSED FIREARMS DEALERS CONDUCT PHYSICAL 
CHECK OF THEIR FIREARMS BUSINESS INVENTORY.

(a) In General.--Section 923(g) of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``(8) Each licensee shall conduct a physical check of the firearms 
inventory of the business of the licensee licensed under this chapter, 
in accordance with regulations which shall be prescribed by the 
Attorney General.''.
(b) Conforming Amendment.--The matter under the heading ``Bureau of 
Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives--salaries and expenses'' in 
title II of division B of the Consolidated and Further Continuing 
Appropriations Act, 2013 (18 U.S.C. 923 note; Public Law 113-6; 127 
Stat. 247-248) is amended by striking the 5th proviso.
(c) Regulations.--Within 180 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Attorney General shall prescribe regulations to 
implement section 923(g)(8) of title 18, United States Code.

SEC. 5. ELIMINATION OF CERTAIN LIMITATIONS.

(a) Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2012.--
Title II of division B of the Consolidated and Further Continuing 
Appropriations Act, 2012 (18 U.S.C. 923 note; Public Law 112-55; 125 
Stat. 609-610) is amended in the matter under the heading ``Bureau of 
Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives--salaries and expenses'' by 
striking the 1st, 6th, and 7th provisos.
(b) Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2010.--Division B of the 
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2010 (Public Law 111-117) is amended--
(1) in title II--
(A) in the 6th proviso under the heading ``Bureau 
of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives--salaries 
and expenses'' by striking ``beginning in fiscal year 
2010 and thereafter'' and inserting ``in fiscal year 
2010''; and
(B) in the matter under the heading ``Bureau of 
Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives--salaries and 
expenses'' by striking the 7th proviso; and
(2) in section 511, to read as follows:
``Sec. 511. None of the funds appropriated pursuant to this Act or 
any other provision of law may be used for the implementation of any 
tax or fee in connection with the implementation of subsection 922(t) 
of title 18, United States Code.''.
(c) Omnibus Appropriations Act, 2009.--Division B of the Omnibus 
Appropriations Act, 2009 (Public Law 111-8) is amended--
(1) in title II--
(A) in the 6th proviso under the heading ``Bureau 
of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives--salaries 
and expenses'' by striking ``beginning in fiscal year 
2009 and thereafter'' and inserting ``in fiscal year 
2009''; and
(B) in the matter under the heading ``Bureau of 
Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives--salaries and 
expenses'' by striking the 7th proviso; and
(2) in section 511, to read as follows:
``Sec. 511. None of the funds appropriated pursuant to this Act or 
any other provision of law may be used for the implementation of any 
tax or fee in connection with the implementation of subsection 922(t) 
of title 18, United States Code.''.
(d) Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008.--Division B of the 
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008 (Public Law 110-161) is amended--
(1) in title II--
(A) in the 6th proviso under the heading ``Bureau 
of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives--salaries 
and expenses'' by striking ``beginning in fiscal year 
2008 and thereafter'' and inserting ``in fiscal year 
2008''; and
(B) in the matter under the heading ``Bureau of 
Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives--salaries and 
expenses'' by striking the 7th proviso; and
(2) in section 512, to read as follows:
``Sec. 512. None of the funds appropriated pursuant to this Act or 
any other provision of law may be used for the implementation of any 
tax or fee in connection with the implementation of subsection 922(t) 
of title 18, United States Code.''.
(e) Science, State, Justice, Commerce, and Related Agencies 
Appropriations Act, 2006.--The Science, State, Justice, Commerce, and 
Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2006 (Public Law 109-108) is 
amended--
(1) in title I--
(A) in the 6th proviso under the heading ``Bureau 
of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives--salaries 
and expenses'' by striking ``with respect to any fiscal 
year''; and
(B) in the matter under the heading ``Bureau of 
Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives--salaries and 
expenses'' by striking the 7th proviso; and
(2) in section 611, to read as follows:
``Sec. 611. None of the funds appropriated pursuant to this Act or 
any other provision of law may be used for the implementation of any 
tax or fee in connection with the implementation of subsection 922(t) 
of title 18, United States Code.''.
(f) Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005.--Division B of the 
Science, State, Justice, Commerce, and Related Agencies Appropriations 
Act, 2005 (Public Law 108-447) is amended--
(1) in title I--
(A) in the 6th proviso under the heading ``Bureau 
of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives--salaries 
and expenses'' by striking ``with respect to any fiscal 
year''; and
(B) in the matter under the heading ``Bureau of 
Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives--salaries and 
expenses'' by striking the 7th proviso; and
(2) in section 615, to read as follows:
``Sec. 615. None of the funds appropriated pursuant to this Act or 
any other provision of law may be used for the implementation of any 
tax or fee in connection with the implementation of subsection 922(t) 
of title 18, United States Code.''.
(g) Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2004.--Division B of the 
Science, State, Justice, Commerce, and Related Agencies Appropriations 
Act, 2004 (Public Law 108-199) is amended--
(1) in the matter under the heading ``Bureau of Alcohol, 
Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives--salaries and expenses'' by 
striking the 7th proviso; and
(2) in section 617(a), to read as follows:
``(a) None of the funds appropriated pursuant to this Act or any 
other provision of law may be used for the implementation of any tax or 
fee in connection with the implementation of subsection 922(t) of title 
18, United States Code.''.
(h) Consolidated Appropriations Resolution, 2003.--Division J of 
the Consolidated Appropriations Resolution, 2003 (5 U.S.C. 552 note; 
Public Law 108-7; 117 Stat. 473-474) is amended in section 644 by 
striking ``or any other Act with respect to any fiscal year''.
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