H.R. 5227

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 5227 Introduced in House (IH)]

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119th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. R. 5227

To conduct a study on the impact of artificial intelligence and data 
center site growth on energy supply resources in the United States, and 
for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

September 9, 2025

Mr. Costa (for himself and Mr. Moore of Utah) introduced the following 
bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology

_______________________________________________________________________

A BILL

To conduct a study on the impact of artificial intelligence and data 
center site growth on energy supply resources in the United States, and 
for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``Unleashing Low-Cost Rural AI Act''.

SEC. 2. STUDY ON IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND DATA CENTER SITE 
GROWTH ON ENERGY SUPPLY RESOURCES.

(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy shall designate a National 
Laboratory to conduct a study on the impact of artificial intelligence 
and data center site growth on energy supply resources in the United 
States.
(b) Contents.--The study under subsection (a) shall address the 
following:
(1) Whether any updates to existing infrastructure are 
necessary to support the co-location of artificial intelligence 
and data center site development.
(2) With respect to the co-location of artificial 
intelligence and data center sites, the feasability of using 
alternative sources of energy, such as hydroelectric dams, 
solar farms, wind farms, solar and wind battery storage sites, 
and carbon capture facilities, in addition to nuclear and 
geothermal sources of energy.
(3) The impact of the co-location of artificial 
intelligence and data center sites on energy costs, energy 
supply, energy supply reliability, land-use, water-use, and 
cost to consumers.
(4) Whether, and to what extent, there are deficiencies in 
energy supply resources.
(5) The means to expedite any review under the National 
Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) or to 
more expeditiously meet any permitting requirements to develop 
any artificial intelligence or data center sites, and any 
associated generation, transmission, and distribution assets.
(c) Prioritization.--The study under subsection (a) shall 
prioritize the impact of artificial intelligence and data center site 
growth on energy supply resources in remote areas.
(d) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary of Energy shall submit to the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a 
report on the findings of the study conducted under subsection (a).
(e) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) Artificial intelligence.--The term ``artificial 
intelligence'' has the meaning given such term in section 5002 
of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 
(15 U.S.C. 9401).
(2) Co-location.--The term ``co-location'' means, with 
respect to an artificial intelligence or data center site, 
placing such site upon a parcel of land that is owned and 
operated by a public utility.
(3) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
has the meaning given such term in section 2 of the Energy 
Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
(4) Remote area.--The term ``remote area'' means an area 
for which the Economic Research Service of the Department of 
Agriculture has developed a frontier and remote area code.
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