H.R. 5301

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 5301 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. R. 5301

To amend title 49, United States Code, to provide enhanced safety in 
pipeline transportation, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

September 11, 2025

Mr. Graves (for himself, Mr. Larsen of Washington, Mr. Webster of 
Florida, and Ms. Titus) introduced the following bill; which was 
referred to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and in 
addition to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, for a period to be 
subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration 
of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee 
concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

A BILL

To amend title 49, United States Code, to provide enhanced safety in 
pipeline transportation, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS; DEFINITION.

(a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Promoting 
Innovation in Pipeline Efficiency and Safety Act of 2025'' or the 
``PIPES Act of 2025''.
(b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents; definition.
Sec. 2. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 3. Definitions.
Sec. 4. Workforce development.
Sec. 5. Regulatory updates.
Sec. 6. Incorporation by reference.
Sec. 7. Inspection activity reporting.
Sec. 8. Technical safety standards committees.
Sec. 9. Sense of Congress on PHMSA engagement prior to rulemaking 
activities.
Sec. 10. Office of Public Engagement.
Sec. 11. Class location changes.
Sec. 12. Pipeline operating status.
Sec. 13. Rights-of-way management.
Sec. 14. Study on composite materials for pipelines.
Sec. 15. Competitive Academic Agreement Program.
Sec. 16. Geohazard mitigation study.
Sec. 17. Special permit program.
Sec. 18. Excavation damage prevention.
Sec. 19. Integrity management study.
Sec. 20. Hydrogen study.
Sec. 21. Penalty for causing a defect in or disrupting operation of 
pipeline infrastructure.
Sec. 22. Civil penalties.
Sec. 23. Liquefied natural gas regulatory coordination.
Sec. 24. Pipeline safety voluntary information-sharing system.
Sec. 25. Carbon dioxide pipelines.
Sec. 26. Opportunity for formal hearing.
Sec. 27. State pipeline safety grants reporting.
Sec. 28. Disclosure of safety information assessment.
Sec. 29. Assessment of certain pipeline safety definitions.
Sec. 30. Report assessing the costs of pipeline failures.
Sec. 31. Study on localized emergency alert system for pipeline 
facilities incidents.
Sec. 32. Maximum allowable operating pressure.
(c) State Defined.--In this Act, the term ``State'' has the meaning 
given such term in section 60101(a) of title 49, United States Code.

SEC. 2. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

(a) Gas and Hazardous Liquid.--Section 60125 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by striking subsection (a) and inserting the 
following:
``(a) Gas and Hazardous Liquid.--
``(1) In general.--From fees collected under section 60301, 
there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to 
carry out section 12 of the Pipeline Safety Improvement Act of 
2002 (49 U.S.C. 60101 note; Public Law 107-355) and the 
provisions of this chapter relating to gas and hazardous 
liquid--
``(A) $181,400,000 for fiscal year 2026, of which--
``(i) $9,000,000 shall be used to carry out 
section 12 of the Pipeline Safety Improvement 
Act of 2002 (49 U.S.C. 60101 note; Public Law 
107-355); and
``(ii) $73,000,000 shall be used for making 
grants;
``(B) $189,800,000 for fiscal year 2027, of which--
``(i) $9,000,000 shall be used to carry out 
section 12 of the Pipeline Safety Improvement 
Act of 2002 (49 U.S.C. 60101 note; Public Law 
107-355); and
``(ii) $75,000,000 shall be used for making 
grants;
``(C) $198,200,000 for fiscal year 2028, of which--
``(i) $9,000,000 shall be used to carry out 
section 12 of the Pipeline Safety Improvement 
Act of 2002 (49 U.S.C. 60101 note; Public Law 
107-355); and
``(ii) $77,000,000 shall be used for making 
grants; and
``(D) $206,600,000 for fiscal year 2029, of which--
``(i) $9,000,000 shall be used to carry out 
section 12 of the Pipeline Safety Improvement 
Act of 2002 (49 U.S.C. 60101 note; Public Law 
107-355); and
``(ii) $79,000,000 shall be used for making 
grants.
``(2) Trust fund amounts.--In addition to the amounts 
authorized to be appropriated under paragraph (1), there are 
authorized to be appropriated from the Oil Spill Liability 
Trust Fund established by section 9509(a) of the Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986 to carry out section 12 of the Pipeline 
Safety Improvement Act of 2002 (49 U.S.C. 60101 note; Public 
Law 107-355) and the provisions of this chapter relating to 
hazardous liquid--
``(A) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2026, of which--
``(i) $2,000,000, pursuant to the authority 
in section 12(f) of the Pipeline Safety 
Improvement Act of 2002 (49 U.S.C. 60101 note; 
Public Law 107-355), shall be used to carry out 
section 12 of such Act; and
``(ii) $11,000,000 shall be used for making 
grants;
``(B) $30,500,000 for fiscal year 2027, of which--
``(i) $2,000,000, pursuant to the authority 
in section 12(f) of the Pipeline Safety 
Improvement Act of 2002 (49 U.S.C. 60101 note; 
Public Law 107-355), shall be used to carry out 
section 12 of such Act; and
``(ii) $11,500,000 shall be used for making 
grants;
``(C) $31,000,000 for fiscal year 2028, of which--
``(i) $2,000,000, pursuant to the authority 
in section 12(f) of the Pipeline Safety 
Improvement Act of 2002 (49 U.S.C. 60101 note; 
Public Law 107-355), shall be used to carry out 
section 12 of such Act; and
``(ii) $12,000,000 shall be used for making 
grants; and
``(D) $31,500,000 for fiscal year 2029, of which--
``(i) $2,000,000, pursuant to the authority 
in section 12(f) of the Pipeline Safety 
Improvement Act of 2002 (49 U.S.C. 60101 note; 
Public Law 107-355), shall be used to carry out 
section 12 of such Act; and
``(ii) $12,500,000 shall be used for making 
grants.
``(3) Underground natural gas storage facility safety 
account.--From fees collected under section 60302, there is 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
section 60141 $7,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2026 through 
2029.
``(4) Recruitment and retention.--From amounts made 
available to the Secretary under paragraphs (1) and (2), the 
Secretary shall use, to carry out section 104(a) of the PIPES 
Act of 2025 and section 102(c) of the Protecting our 
Infrastructure of Pipelines and Enhancing Safety Act of 2020 
(Public Law 116-260)--
``(A) $3,400,000 for fiscal year 2026, of which--
``(i) $2,890,000 shall be from amounts made 
available under paragraph (1)(A); and
``(ii) $510,000 shall be from amounts made 
available under paragraph (2)(A);
``(B) $5,100,000 for fiscal year 2027, of which--
``(i) $4,335,000 shall be from amounts made 
available under paragraph (1)(B); and
``(ii) $765,000 shall be from amounts made 
available under paragraph (2)(B);
``(C) $6,800,000 for fiscal year 2028, of which--
``(i) $5,780,000 shall be from amounts made 
available under paragraph (1)(C); and
``(ii) $1,020,000 shall be from amounts 
made available under paragraph (2)(C); and
``(D) $8,500,000 for fiscal year 2029, of which--
``(i) $7,225,000 shall be from amounts made 
available under paragraph (1)(D); and
``(ii) $1,275,000 shall be from amounts 
made available under paragraph (2)(D).''.
(b) Operational Expenses.--Section 2(b) of the PIPES Act of 2016 
(Public Law 114-183; 130 Stat. 515) is amended by striking paragraphs 
(1) through (3) and inserting the following:
``(1) $31,681,000 for fiscal year 2026.
``(2) $32,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
``(3) $33,000,000 for fiscal year 2028.
``(4) $34,000,000 for fiscal year 2029.''.
(c) One-Call Notification Programs.--Section 6107 of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by striking ``$1,058,000 for each of 
fiscal years 2021 through 2023'' and inserting ``$2,000,000 for each of 
fiscal years 2026 through 2029''.
(d) Emergency Response Grants.--Section 60125(b)(2) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by striking ``fiscal years 2021 through 
2023'' and inserting ``fiscal years 2026 through 2029''.
(e) Pipeline Safety Information Grants to Communities.--Section 
60130(c)(1) of title 49, United States Code, is amended by striking 
``$2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2023 to carry out 
this section.'' and inserting the following: ``, to carry out this 
section, the following:
``(A) $2,250,000 for fiscal year 2026.
``(B) $2,500,000 for fiscal year 2027.
``(C) $2,750,000 for fiscal year 2028.
``(D) $3,000,000 for fiscal year 2029.''.
(f) Improving Technical Assistance.--Section 60130(c)(2) of title 
49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) by striking ``each fiscal year, the Secretary shall 
award $1,000,000'' and inserting ``, the Secretary shall 
award''; and
(2) by striking the period at the end and inserting the 
following: ``the following amounts:
``(A) $1,250,000 for fiscal year 2026.
``(B) $1,500,000 for fiscal year 2027.
``(C) $1,750,000 for fiscal year 2028.
``(D) $2,000,000 for fiscal year 2029.''.
(g) Damage Prevention Programs.--Section 60134(i) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended in the first sentence by striking 
``$1,500,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2023'' and inserting 
``$2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2026 through 2029''.
(h) Pipeline Integrity Program.--Section 12(f) of the Pipeline 
Safety Improvement Act of 2002 (49 U.S.C. 60101 note) is amended--
(1) by striking ``$3,000,000'' and inserting 
``$2,000,000''; and
(2) by striking ``2021 through 2023'' and inserting ``2026 
through 2029''.
(i) Securing Systems Grants.--
(1) In general.--Chapter 601 of title 49, United States 
Code, is amended by adding at the end of the following:
``Sec. 60144. Safe Energy for Communities Updating and Replacing 
Infrastructure for Natural Gas Systems grants
``(a) In General.--The Secretary may provide grants to assist 
publicly owned natural gas distribution pipeline systems to--
``(1) advance the safe delivery of energy through reducing 
the risk profile of existing municipal and community-owned 
natural gas distribution infrastructure that contains high-risk 
or leaking pipelines that may result in fatalities, injuries, 
or significant damages to property resulting from unintentional 
natural gas leaks; and
``(2) reduce monetary losses to the utility.
``(b) Eligible Entities.--An entity eligible to receive a grant 
under this section is a natural gas distribution system utility owned 
and operated by a--
``(1) community;
``(2) municipality;
``(3) city or township;
``(4) county; or
``(5) Federally-recognized Tribal government.
``(c) Applications.--An eligible entity desiring a grant under this 
section shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in 
such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may 
require that directly relates to technical aspects of the grant 
application, including a description of the projects or activities 
proposed to be funded by the grant.
``(d) Uses.--A grant provided under this section may be used to 
repair, rehabilitate, or replace a natural gas distribution pipeline 
system or portions of a natural gas distribution pipeline system.
``(e) Considerations.--The Secretary shall establish procedures for 
awarding grants under this section that take into consideration--
``(1) the risk profile of the existing pipeline system 
operated by the applicant, including the presence of pipe prone 
to leakage, and how the project would improve the safe delivery 
of energy;
``(2) the financial ability of the utility to fund the 
project in the absence of Federal financial assistance;
``(3) the ability for the project to reduce monetary losses 
to the utility by improving system reliability, reducing lost 
natural gas from leaking pipe, or reducing costs associated 
with maintenance and repair activities; and
``(4) the legal authority and capability of the applicant 
to carry out the project.
``(f) Prioritization.--In making grants for projects eligible under 
this section, the Secretary shall prioritize grants for projects that--
``(1) serve a rural area, as defined in section 22907(g)(2) 
or an economically distressed community that meets the 
eligibility criteria described in section 301 of the Public 
Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3161); or
``(2) address the highest safety concerns based on the risk 
profile and condition of the existing pipeline system as 
outlined in the operator's distribution integrity management 
plan, factoring in relevant data, leak statistics, and risk 
analysis.
``(g) Limitations.--
``(1) Awards to a single utility.--The Secretary may not 
award more than 12.5 percent of the total amount made available 
in any fiscal year to carry out this section to a single 
eligible entity described in subsection (b).
``(2) Administrative expenses.--Not more than 2 percent of 
the amounts appropriated pursuant to subsection (i)(1) for a 
fiscal year may be used by the Secretary for the administrative 
costs of carrying out this section.
``(h) Cost Sharing.--The total amount awarded for a project under 
this section shall be not less than 90 percent of the total eligible 
project costs described in subsection (d).
``(i) Funding.--
``(1) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section 
$150,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2027 through 2029, to 
remain available until expended.
``(2) Requirement.--Any amounts used to carry out this 
section--
``(A) shall be derived from the General Fund of the 
Treasury; and
``(B) shall not be derived from user fees collected 
under section 60301.''.
(2) Clerical amendment.--The analysis for chapter 601 of 
title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end 
the following:

``60144. Safe Energy for Communities Updating and Replacing 
Infrastructure for Natural Gas Systems 
grants.''.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

Section 60101(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in paragraph (8)(B) by inserting ``and carbon dioxide'' 
after ``hazardous liquid'';
(2) in paragraph (18) by inserting ``, a carbon dioxide 
pipeline facility,'' after ``gas pipeline facility'';
(3) in paragraph (19) by inserting ``, transporting carbon 
dioxide,'' after ``transporting gas'';
(4) in paragraph (24) by inserting ``, carbon dioxide,'' 
after ``a gas'';
(5) in paragraph (25) by striking ``and'' at the end;
(6) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), 
(6), (9), (7), (10), (8), (11), (12), (13), (14), (15), (16), 
(17), (18), (19), (23), (24), (25), (20), (21), (22), and (26) 
as paragraphs (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (11), (12), (13), (14), 
(15), (16), (17), (18), (19), (20), (21), (23), (24), (25), 
(27), (28), (29), (30), (32), (33), and (35), respectively, and 
transferring the paragraphs so as to appear in numerical order;
(7) by inserting before paragraph (4), as so redesignated, 
the following:
``(1) `carbon dioxide' means a product stream consisting of 
more than 50 percent carbon dioxide molecules in any state of 
matter except solid;
``(2) `carbon dioxide pipeline facility'--
``(A) means a pipeline, a right of way, a facility, 
a building, or equipment used, or intended to be used, 
in transporting carbon dioxide or treating carbon 
dioxide during the transportation of such carbon 
dioxide; but
``(B) does not include any storage facility, 
piping, or equipment covered by the exclusion in 
section 60102(i)(3)(B)(ii);
``(3) `de-identified' means the process by which all 
information that is likely to establish the identity of the 
specific persons, organizations, or entities submitting 
reports, data, or other information is removed from reports, 
data, or other information;'';
(8) by inserting after paragraph (8), as so redesignated, 
the following:
``(9) `interstate carbon dioxide pipeline facility' means a 
carbon dioxide pipeline facility used to transport carbon 
dioxide in interstate or foreign commerce;
``(10) `intrastate carbon dioxide pipeline facility' means 
a carbon dioxide pipeline facility that is not an interstate 
carbon dioxide facility;'';
(9) by inserting after paragraph (21), as so redesignated, 
the following:
``(22) `non-public pipeline safety data and information' 
means any pipeline safety data or information, regardless of 
form or format, that a company does not disclose, disseminate, 
or make available to the public or that is not otherwise in the 
public domain;'';
(10) by inserting after paragraph (25), as so redesignated, 
the following:
``(26) `public information' means any data or information, 
regardless of form or format, that a company discloses, 
disseminates, or makes available to the public or that is 
otherwise in the public domain;'';
(11) by inserting after paragraph (30), as so redesignated, 
the following:
``(31) `transporting carbon dioxide' means the movement of 
carbon dioxide or the storage of carbon dioxide incidental to 
the movement of carbon dioxide by pipeline, in or affecting 
interstate or foreign commerce;''; and
(12) by inserting after paragraph (33), as so redesignated, 
the following:
``(34) `Tribal' means relating to Indian Tribes, as such 
term is defined in section 102 of the Federally Recognized 
Indian Tribe List Act of 1994 (25 U.S.C. 5130); and''.

SEC. 4. WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT.

(a) Additional Full-Time Equivalent Employees.--In addition to the 
personnel level authorized for the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials 
Safety Administration as of the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Administrator of such Administration may increase the number of full-
time equivalent employees or directly supporting in the Office of 
Pipeline Safety by not more than 30 positions for employees who have 
advanced engineering, scientific, or other technical expertise (or 
equivalent experience) to--
(1) develop and implement pipeline safety policies and 
regulations; and
(2) fulfill congressional rulemaking mandates.
(b) Report Required.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall submit to 
Congress a report on--
(1) any progress made on implementation of subsection (a);
(2) the implementation of the recruitment and retention 
incentives authorized in section 102 of the PIPES Act of 2020 
(Public Law 116-260);
(3) barriers and challenges to hiring and retention at the 
Administration;
(4) staffing levels of inspection and enforcement personnel 
of the Administration; and
(5) any additional workforce needs of the Administration.
(c) Effect on Existing Regulation.--Section 102(c) of the PIPES Act 
of 2020 (49 U.S.C. 60101 note) is amended by striking paragraph (3) and 
inserting the following:
``(3) Effect on existing regulation.--In implementing the 
incentives described in paragraph (1), the Secretary, in 
consultation with the Administrator of the Pipeline and 
Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, may waive existing 
regulations.''.

SEC. 5. REGULATORY UPDATES.

(a) Definition of Outstanding Mandate.--In this section, the term 
``outstanding mandate'' means--
(1) a final rule required to be issued under the Pipeline 
Safety, Regulatory Certainty, and Job Creation Act of 2011 
(Public Law 112-90) that has not been published in the Federal 
Register;
(2) a final rule required to be issued under the PIPES Act 
of 2016 (Public Law 114-183) that has not been published in the 
Federal Register;
(3) a final rule required to be issued under the PIPES Act 
of 2020 (Public Law 116-260) that has not been published in the 
Federal Register; and
(4) any other final rule regarding gas or hazardous liquid 
pipeline facilities that--
(A) has not been published in the Federal Register; 
and
(B) is required to be issued under this Act or any 
other Act.
(b) Requirements.--
(1) Periodic updates.--Not later than 30 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, and every 30 days thereafter 
until each outstanding mandate is published in the Federal 
Register, the Secretary of Transportation shall publish on a 
publicly available website of the Department of Transportation 
an update regarding the status of each such mandate in 
accordance with subsection (c).
(2) Notification of congress.--On publication of a final 
rule in the Federal Register for an outstanding mandate, the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate a notification of 
such publication.
(c) Contents.--An update published or a notification submitted 
under subsection (b)(1) shall contain, as applicable--
(1) with respect to information relating to the 
Administration--
(A) a description of the work plan for each 
outstanding mandate;
(B) an updated rulemaking timeline for each 
outstanding mandate;
(C) the staff allocations with respect to each 
outstanding mandate;
(D) any resource constraints affecting the 
rulemaking process for each outstanding mandate;
(E) any other details associated with the 
development of each outstanding mandate that affect the 
progress of the rulemaking process with respect to that 
outstanding mandate; and
(F) a description of all rulemakings regarding gas 
or hazardous liquid pipeline facilities published in 
the Federal Register that are not identified under 
subsection (b)(2); and
(2) with respect to information relating to the Office of 
the Secretary--
(A) the date that the outstanding mandate was 
submitted to the Office of the Secretary for review;
(B) the reason that the outstanding mandate is 
under review beyond 45 days;
(C) the staff allocations within the Office of the 
Secretary with respect to each outstanding mandate;
(D) any resource constraints affecting review of 
the outstanding mandate;
(E) an estimated timeline of when review of the 
outstanding mandate will be complete, as of the date of 
the update;
(F) if applicable, the date that the outstanding 
mandate was returned to the Administration for revision 
and the anticipated date for resubmission to the Office 
of the Secretary;
(G) the date that the outstanding mandate was 
submitted to the Office of Management and Budget for 
review; and
(H) a statement of whether the outstanding mandate 
remains under review by the Office of Management and 
Budget.

SEC. 6. INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE.

(a) In General.--Section 60102 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by striking subsection (l) and inserting the following:
``(l) Updating Standards.--
``(1) In general.--Not less frequently than once every 4 
years, or if an interested person otherwise petitions in 
accordance with section 190.331 of title 49, Code of Federal 
Regulations (or successor regulation), the Secretary shall 
review, and update as necessary, incorporated industry 
standards that have been adopted, either partially or in full, 
as part of the Federal pipeline safety regulatory program under 
this chapter that are modified and published by a standards 
development organization, as such term is defined in section 
2(a) of the National Cooperative Research and Production Act of 
1993 (15 U.S.C. 4301(a)).
``(2) Discretion in adopting industry standards.--The 
Secretary may decline to adopt an industry standard that is 
inconsistent with applicable law or otherwise impracticable, 
including in circumstances where the use of an industry 
standard would not serve the needs of the Federal pipeline 
safety regulatory program, would impose undue burdens, or if 
the Secretary determines the standard was improperly influenced 
by foreign entities.
``(3) List of industry standards.--The Secretary shall--
``(A) maintain a publicly available list of all 
industry standards considered for adoption under this 
chapter and the agency's adjudication of each 
considered standard;
``(B) include the reasoning for not adopting an 
industry standard, whether in full or in part, on the 
list under subparagraph (A); and
``(C) submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure and the Committee on Energy and Commerce 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate 
such list not later than--
``(i) 30 days after completion of such 
list; and
``(ii) 30 days after the date of any 
subsequent revisions to such list.
``(4) Public accessibility.--Any industry standards 
incorporated by reference, or portions thereof, shall be made 
available by the entity that developed such standards free of 
charge for viewing on a publicly available website.''.
(b) GAO Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall--
(1) conduct a review to determine compliance with section 
60102(l)(4) of title 49, United States Code; and
(2) submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report on the 
review conducted under paragraph (1).

SEC. 7. INSPECTION ACTIVITY REPORTING.

(a) Inspection and Enforcement Priorities.--Not later than 1 year 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Transportation shall establish, and make available to the public in an 
electronically accessible format, a report containing the inspection 
and enforcement priorities of the Office of Pipeline Safety of the 
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration for fiscal years 
2026 through 2029. Such report shall include a description of--
(1) how the Administrator will use the priorities to guide 
the inspection program of such Office;
(2) how the inspection and enforcement priorities will 
improve pipeline safety; and
(3) how the Administrator communicates and coordinates the 
implementation of inspection and enforcement priorities with 
regional offices and State inspectors operating under delegated 
authority.
(b) Notice and Comment.--Prior to publication of the inspection and 
enforcement priorities under subsection (a), the Administrator shall 
solicit through notice in the Federal Register public comment on such 
priorities.
(c) Summary of Pipeline Inspections.--Not later than June 1 of each 
year beginning with the year after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Administrator shall make available to the public in an 
electronically accessible format a summary of Federal and State 
pipeline inspections conducted under direct or delegated authority of 
title 49, United States Code, during the previous calendar year, to 
include--
(1) the date of the inspection;
(2) the name of the pipeline owner or operator;
(3) the pipeline system or segment inspected;
(4) the region or regions of the Pipeline and Hazardous 
Materials Safety Administration in which the inspected system 
or segment operates;
(5) the State or States in which the inspected system or 
segment operates; and
(6) any violations, or proposed violations, found as a 
result of pipeline inspections.

SEC. 8. TECHNICAL SAFETY STANDARDS COMMITTEES.

(a) Committee Reports on Proposed Standards.--Section 60115(c)(1) 
of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subparagraph (A) by inserting ``, if applicable'' 
after ``each proposed standard''; and
(2) in subparagraph (B) by inserting ``, if applicable'' 
after ``each proposed standard''.
(b) Report.--Section 60115(c)(2) of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended by inserting ``and provide written notification of such 
reasons to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and the 
Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate at 
the time a final rulemaking relating to the standard is issued'' after 
``publish the reasons''.
(c) Frequency of Meetings.--Section 60115(e) of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by striking ``up to 4'' and inserting ``2''.

SEC. 9. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON PHMSA ENGAGEMENT PRIOR TO RULEMAKING 
ACTIVITIES.

It is the sense of Congress that--
(1) the Secretary of Transportation should engage with 
pipeline stakeholder groups, including State pipeline safety 
programs with an approved certification under section 60105 of 
title 49, United States Code, and Tribal, State, and local 
governments and members of the public during predrafting stages 
of rulemaking activities and use, to the greatest extent 
practicable, properly docketed ex parte discussions during 
rulemaking activities in order to--
(A) inform the work of the Secretary;
(B) assist the Administrator of the Pipeline and 
Hazardous Materials Safety Administration in developing 
the scope of a rule; and
(C) reduce the timeline for issuance of proposed 
and final rules; and
(2) when it would reduce the time required for the 
Secretary to adjudicate public comments, the Administrator 
should publicly provide information describing the rationale 
behind a regulatory decision included in proposed regulations 
in order to better allow for the public to provide clear and 
informed comments on such regulations.

SEC. 10. OFFICE OF PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT.

(a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall rename the Community 
Liaison Services within the Office of Pipeline Safety of the Pipeline 
and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration as the Office of Public 
Engagement (hereinafter in this section referred to as the ``Office'').
(b) Duties.--The duties of the Office are to--
(1) proactively engage with pipeline stakeholders, 
including the public, pipeline operators, public safety 
organizations, and State, local, and Tribal government 
officials, to raise awareness of pipeline safety practices;
(2) promote the adoption and increased use of safety 
programs and activities;
(3) inform the public of pipeline safety regulations and 
best practices; and
(4) assist the public with inquiries regarding pipeline 
safety.
(c) Public Access.--The Office shall ensure that activities carried 
out by the Office and information products developed by the Office are 
accessible to the public.
(d) Community Liaisons.--The Office shall incorporate positions 
known as ``community liaisons'' under the Community Liaison Services.
(e) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on the 
implementation of this section.

SEC. 11. CLASS LOCATION CHANGES.

Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of Transportation shall prescribe a final rule amending the 
safety standards for class location changes in parts 191 and 192 of 
title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, based on the notice of proposed 
rulemaking published by the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety 
Administration on October 14, 2020, titled ``Pipeline Safety: Class 
Location Change Requirements'' (85 Fed. Reg. 65142), including 
consideration of all documents in Docket No. PHMSA-2017-0151.

SEC. 12. PIPELINE OPERATING STATUS.

Section 60143(b) of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
of enactment of the PIPES Act of 2025, the Secretary shall 
issue a notice of proposed rulemaking prescribing the 
applicability of the pipeline safety requirements to idled 
natural gas or other gas transmission and hazardous liquid 
pipelines.''; and
(2) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end the following:
``(E) Consideration.--In promulgating regulations 
under this section, the Secretary shall consider the 
adoption of industry consensus standards.''.

SEC. 13. RIGHTS-OF-WAY MANAGEMENT.

Section 60108(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
``(4) Alternative Method of Maintaining Rights-of-way.--
``(A) In general.--As part of the review conducted under 
paragraph (3), the Secretary shall allow for an alternative 
method of maintaining rights-of-way for pipelines and other 
pipeline facilities under a voluntary program carried out by 
the operator if such alternative method achieves a level of 
safety at least equal to the level of safety required by 
regulations issued under this chapter.
``(B) Purpose.--An operator considering implementing an 
alternative method described under subparagraph (A) may 
consider incorporating into the plan for implementing such 
method 1 or more conservation practices, including--
``(i) integrated vegetation management practices, 
including reduced mowing;
``(ii) the development of habitat and forage for 
pollinators and other wildlife through seeding or 
planting of diverse native forbs and grasses;
``(iii) practices relating to maintenance 
strategies that promote early successional vegetation 
or limit disturbance during periods of highest use by 
target pollinator species and other wildlife on 
pipeline or facilities rights-of-way, including--
``(I) increasing mowing height;
``(II) reducing mowing frequency; and
``(III) refraining from mowing monarch and 
other pollinator habitat during periods in 
which monarchs or other pollinators are 
present;
``(iv) an integrated vegetation management plan 
that may include approaches such as mechanical tree and 
brush removal and targeted and judicious use of 
herbicides and mowing to address incompatible or 
undesirable vegetation while promoting compatible and 
beneficial vegetation on pipeline and facilities 
rights-of-way;
``(v) planting or seeding of deeply rooted, 
regionally appropriate perennial grasses and 
wildflowers, including milkweed, to enhance habitat;
``(vi) removing shallow-rooted grasses from 
planting and seeding mixes, except for use as nurse or 
cover crops; or
``(vii) obtaining expert training or assistance on 
wildlife and pollinator-friendly practices, including--
``(I) native plant identification;
``(II) establishment and management of 
regionally appropriate native plants;
``(III) land management practices; and
``(IV) integrated vegetation management.
``(C) Savings clause.--Nothing in this section exempts an 
operator from compliance with the applicable requirements under 
this chapter or any applicable regulations promulgated under 
this chapter.
``(D) Consultation.--
``(i) Available guidance.--In developing such 
alternative methods, an operator shall consult any 
available guidance issued by--
``(I) the Secretary; or
``(II) an applicable State agency carrying 
out compliance activities on behalf of the 
Secretary in accordance with section 60105.
``(ii) Leading industry practices.--In the absence 
of the guidance described in clause (i), an operator 
may consult leading industry practices and guidance to 
develop and implement such alternative methods.''.

SEC. 14. STUDY ON COMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR PIPELINES.

(a) Study on Use of Composite Materials.--Not later than 18 months 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Transportation shall complete a study assessing the potential and 
existing use of pipelines constructed with composite materials to 
safely transport hydrogen and hydrogen blended with natural gas.
(b) Study Considerations.--In completing the study under subsection 
(a), the Secretary shall consider--
(1) any commercially available composite pipeline 
materials;
(2) any completed or ongoing tests and data regarding 
composite pipeline materials available to the Secretary or 
other Federal agencies; and
(3) any recommended standards, including consensus 
standards, and Federal agency authorizations relating to use of 
composite pipeline materials.
(c) Public Participation.--To ensure adequate public participation 
in completing the study under subsection (a), the Secretary shall--
(1) hold a public meeting with interested stakeholders, 
including the affected industries, interest groups, and other 
individuals with relevant expertise;
(2) release a draft version of the study for public comment 
for a period of not less than 60 days; and
(3) address any substantive comments submitted by the 
public during the public comment period under paragraph (2) in 
preparing the final study.
(d) Public Meeting.--Not later than 60 days after the closing of 
the public comment period under subsection (c)(2), the Secretary shall 
hold a public meeting to present the findings of the study under this 
section and any responses to public comments received under such 
subsection.
(e) Rulemaking.--Not later than 18 months after the meeting 
described in subsection (d), the Secretary shall issue a rulemaking 
that includes a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking to allow for the use of 
composite materials for pipeline transportation of hydrogen and 
hydrogen blended with natural gas.

SEC. 15. COMPETITIVE ACADEMIC AGREEMENT PROGRAM.

(a) Federal Share.--
(1) In general.--In carrying out the Competitive Academic 
Agreement Program pursuant to section 60117(l) of title 49, 
United States Code, the Secretary of Transportation may allow 
for a 100-percent Federal share of financial assistance for a 
project carried out by small and mid-sized institutions.
(2) Written request required.--The Secretary may only allow 
the use of a 100-percent Federal share under paragraph (1) if 
the applicable institution has provided a written request to 
the Secretary prior to the award of Federal assistance under 
such Program.
(3) Small and mid-sized institutions defined.--In this 
subsection, the term ``small and mid-sized institutions'' means 
academic institutions eligible for a grant under the 
Competitive Academic Agreement Program with a current total 
enrollment of 17,500 students or less, including graduate and 
undergraduate as well as full- and part-time students.
(b) Report.--Following any award of grants under the Competitive 
Academic Agreement Program, the Secretary shall provide to Congress a 
written report detailing--
(1) the recipients of such grants; and
(2) any grantees that were provided a 100-percent Federal 
share under this section.

SEC. 16. GEOHAZARD MITIGATION STUDY.

(a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall prepare 
a report containing--
(1) the results of a study that--
(A) evaluates Federal and State, as applicable, 
requirements for gas, hazardous liquid, and carbon 
dioxide pipeline facility design, siting, construction, 
operation and maintenance, and integrity management 
relating to geohazards, including seismicity, land 
subsidence, landslides, slope instability, frost heave, 
soil settlement, erosion, river scour, washouts, 
floods, unstable soil, water currents, hurricanes, 
dynamic geologic conditions, tsunamis, tornados, 
wildfires, floods, ice storms, or other hazards that 
may cause a pipeline to move or be affected by abnormal 
external loads;
(B) evaluates any industry consensus standards or 
best practices related to the requirements described in 
subparagraph (A);
(C) evaluates the implementation by operators of 
Federal and State regulations related to geohazards and 
application of recommendations included in the Advisory 
Bulletin of the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety 
Administration titled ``Pipeline Safety: Potential for 
Damage to Pipeline Facilities Caused by Earth Movement 
and Other Geological Hazards'', issued on May 2, 2019 
(PHMSA-2019-0087);
(D) identifies any discrepancies in the 
requirements described in subparagraph (A) and 
advisories, industry consensus standards, or best 
practices for operators of gas, hazardous liquid, and 
carbon dioxide pipeline facilities; and
(E) identifies any areas relating to geohazards not 
addressed under subparagraphs (A) through (D); and
(2) any recommendations of the Government Accountability 
Office based on the results of the study under paragraph (1).
(b) Report to Congress.--Upon completion of the report under 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall submit to the Secretary 
of Transportation, the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure 
and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
Representatives, and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate the report.

SEC. 17. SPECIAL PERMIT PROGRAM.

(a) Compliance and Waivers.--Section 60118(c)(1) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
``(C) Limitation on terms.--The Secretary shall 
impose no terms on a waiver under this paragraph that 
do not apply to known pipeline safety risks applicable 
to the standard being waived under subparagraph (A).
``(D) Publication.--Upon completion of the 
application requirements under section 190.341 of title 
49, Code of Federal Regulations, or successor 
regulations, the Secretary shall publish notice of the 
application in the Federal Register.
``(E) Review of application.--The Secretary shall 
complete a review of each such application not later 
than 18 months after publishing a notice in the Federal 
Register described in subparagraph (D) with respect to 
the application.''.
(b) Report to Congress.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall 
submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure 
and Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate a report on the implementation by 
the Administrator of the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials 
Safety Administration of the amendment made by subsection (a).
(2) Contents.--The report required under paragraph (1) 
shall include--
(A) a listing of each special permit application 
applied for under section 60118(c)(1) of title 49, 
United States Code;
(B) a brief summary of the purpose of each such 
special permit;
(C) the date on which each such application was 
received;
(D) the date on which each such application was 
completed or, in the absence of completion, the status 
of the application;
(E) the date on which the Secretary issued a 
determination on the application; and
(F) the explanation of the Secretary for any 
decision made outside the review period identified in 
section 60118(c)(1)(E) of title 49, United States Code, 
if applicable.
(c) GAO Report.--Not later than 1 year after the submission of the 
report under subsection (b), the Comptroller General of the United 
States shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate a report assessing the Secretary's 
implementation of, and compliance with, subparagraphs (C) through (E) 
of section 60118(c)(1) of title 49, United States Code.

SEC. 18. EXCAVATION DAMAGE PREVENTION.

(a) Grants to States.--Section 6106 of title 49, United States 
Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (b) by inserting ``adoption or progress 
toward adoption of the leading practices listed in subsection 
(b) and'' before ``legislative and regulatory'';
(2) by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) as subsections 
(d) and (e), respectively;
(3) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
``(b) Leading Practices.--A State one-call program shall implement 
leading practices that--
``(1) identify the size and scope of a one-call ticket for 
standard locate requests, including process exceptions for 
special large project tickets;
``(2) restrict the longevity of a one-call ticket for 
standard locate requests, which may include process exceptions 
for special large project tickets;
``(3) examine and limit exemptions to one-call programs to 
prevent common excavation damage incidents, including--
``(A) excavation or demolition performed by the 
owner of a single-family residential property;
``(B) any excavation of 18 inches or less when 
maintenance activities are performed;
``(C) repairing, connecting, adjusting, or 
conducting routine maintenance of a private or public 
underground utility facility; and
``(D) for municipalities, public works 
organizations, and State departments of transportation 
for road maintenance;
``(4) specify tolerance zone horizontal dimensions and 
requirements for hand-dig, hydro, vacuum excavation, and other 
nonintrusive methods;
``(5) specify emergency excavation notification 
requirements, including defining emergency excavation and 
identifying the notification requirements for an emergency 
excavation;
``(6) specify the responsibilities of the excavator, 
including the reporting of damages due to excavation 
activities;
``(7) define who is an excavator and what is considered 
excavation;
``(8) require the use of white lining or electronic white 
lining, allowing for exceptions for special large-project 
tickets;
``(9) require a positive response, such as the utility, 
municipality, or other entity placing the marks positively 
responds to the notification center and the excavator checks 
for a positive response before beginning excavation;
``(10) require newly installed underground facilities to be 
locatable;
``(11) require the marking of lines and laterals, including 
sewer lines and laterals;
``(12) require training programs and requirements for 
third-party excavators performing excavation activities that 
are not subject to pipeline construction requirements under 
part 192 or part 195 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations;
``(13) require training for locate professionals; and
``(14) require the use of commercially available 
technologies to locate underground facilities, such as 
geographic information systems and enhanced positive response.
``(c) Report to Congress.--
``(1) Initial report.--Not later than 3 years after the 
implementation of subsection (b), the Secretary shall submit to 
the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and the 
Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate a report detailing--
``(A) the implementation of the leading practices 
described in such subsection;
``(B) recommendations to increase the adoption of 
such leading practices and recommendations for the 
reduction of excavation damage incidents; and
``(C) the number of underground facility damages 
per 1,000 one-call tickets in each State for the 
reporting year.
``(2) Additional reports.--Not later than once every 2 
years after the submittal of the report under paragraph (1), 
the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation 
and Infrastructure and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report detailing--
``(A) the implementation of the leading practices 
described in subsection (b);
``(B) recommendations to increase the adoption of 
such leading practices and recommendations for the 
reduction of excavation damage incidents; and
``(C) the number of underground facility damages 
per 1,000 one-call tickets in each state for each year 
covered by the report.''; and
(4) by adding at the end the following:
``(f) Savings Clause.--Nothing in this section shall make a grant 
award to a State by the Secretary pursuant to section 60107 or section 
60134 for a State program certified under section 60105 or section 
60106 contingent on compliance by the State with all leading practices 
described in subsection (b).''.
(b) State Damage Prevention Programs.--Section 60134(c) of title 
49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) by striking ``In making grants'' and inserting the 
following:
``(1) In general.--In making grants''; and
(2) by adding at the end the following:
``(2) Considerations.--In evaluating criteria for 
determining the effectiveness of the damage prevention program 
of a State, the Secretary shall consider whether the State has, 
at a minimum--
``(A) effective, active, and consistent enforcement 
of State one-call laws (including consistency in the 
application of enforcement resources, fines, and 
penalties to all relevant stakeholders, such as 
operators, locators, and excavators);
``(B) data reporting requirements such as those--
``(i) to the local one-call center for 
excavation damage events on pipelines and other 
underground facilities, that are not privately 
owned, including (if available at the time of 
reporting)--
``(I) information about the nature 
of the incident, including the facility 
damaged and the apparent cause of such 
damage (with supporting documentation);
``(II) the organizations or 
entities involved;
``(III) the impact to public 
safety, utility operations, and 
customer service; and
``(IV) the impact to the 
environment; and
``(ii) to a nationally focused nonprofit 
organization specifically established for the 
purpose of reducing construction-related 
damages to underground facilities, of damages 
and near-miss events to underground facilities 
from excavation damages, including potential 
contributing factors, facility damaged, type of 
excavator, work performed, equipment type, and 
State;
``(C) data reporting requirements, to a nonprofit 
organization specifically established for the purpose 
of reducing construction-related damage to underground 
facilities, of damage and near-miss events to 
underground facilities from excavation damage, 
including root cause, facility damaged, type of 
excavator, work performed, equipment type, and State; 
and
``(D) performance measures to determine the 
effectiveness of excavation damage prevention 
efforts.''.

SEC. 19. INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT STUDY.

(a) In General.--Not later than 45 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall enter into an 
agreement with the National Academies under which the National 
Academies shall conduct a study of the effectiveness of integrity 
management regulations applicable to natural gas and hazardous liquid 
pipeline facilities.
(b) Data Sources.--In carrying out the study under subsection (a), 
the National Academies shall--
(1) use publicly available data from the Pipeline and 
Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, State pipeline 
regulatory agencies, and other public sources; and
(2) consult with pipeline stakeholders in the development 
of findings under the study, including State and Federal 
regulators, pipeline operators, Tribal and local governments, 
public safety organizations, and environmental organizations.
(c) Elements.--The study described under subsection (a) shall 
include--
(1) a review of previous assessments of integrity 
management program implementation produced by or for the 
Secretary or the National Transportation Safety Board;
(2) a review of the implementation and enforcement by the 
Secretary of integrity management regulations and any 
modifications of the regulations issued by the Secretary 
pursuant to section 60109 of title 49, United States Code;
(3) a trend analysis and assessment of pipeline safety 
incidents, accidents, and repairs for high consequence and non-
high consequence areas, including comparing--
(A) the frequency of such incidents, accidents, and 
repairs before and after the implementation of the 
Federal integrity management requirements described in 
subsection (a); and
(B) the frequency of such incidents, accidents, and 
repairs during the period of time such integrity 
management requirements have been in effect;
(4) development of metrics to gauge the effectiveness of 
the implementation and enforcement of such integrity management 
regulations;
(5) an assessment of how integrity management informs 
operator activities, including planning and completion of 
repairs, and whether the implementation of integrity management 
regulations by operators of pipeline facilities has had a 
demonstrable effect on improving gas and hazardous liquid 
pipeline safety; and
(6) identification of areas where pipeline safety has 
improved and where it has not improved due to integrity 
management.
(d) Report to Congress.--The Secretary shall--
(1) require the National Academies to submit to the 
Secretary a report on the results of the study under subsection 
(a); and
(2) not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate such report.

SEC. 20. HYDROGEN STUDY.

(a) In General.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall 
conduct a study on existing natural gas pipeline systems that, as a 
result of hydrogen-natural gas blending, contain a percentage of 
hydrogen that is greater than 5 percent by volume to identify the 
changes that operators have implemented, including--
(1) modifications or alternatives to--
(A) odorants and leak-detection methods;
(B) pipeline materials; and
(C) operational standards; and
(2) modifications to pipeline infrastructure.
(b) Additional Contents.--The study under subsection (a) shall 
include--
(1) an identification of any technical challenges with 
repurposing existing natural gas infrastructure to allow such 
infrastructure to be used for hydrogen-natural gas blended 
service; and
(2) an examination of hydrogen-natural gas blended pipeline 
systems currently operating, including in the United States, 
the United Kingdom, Canada, Europe, Australia, and Hong Kong.
(c) Considerations.--In conducting the study under subsection (a), 
the Comptroller General shall consider--
(1) any changes that domestic and international operators 
of natural gas pipeline systems have implemented to the 
processes, pipeline materials, metering, and operational 
standards used by such operators to account for the operation 
and integrity of natural gas pipeline systems that use a 
hydrogen content at variable percentages above 5 percent by 
volume; and
(2) how such operators have taken into account the effects 
of hydrogen-natural gas blending on different types of--
(A) natural gas pipeline systems materials, 
including cast iron, steel, composite pipe, and plastic 
pipe; and
(B) components of such systems, including valves 
and meters.
(d) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure and the Committee on Energy and 
Commerce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report on the results of 
the study conducted under subsection (a).
(e) Rulemaking.--The results of the study under subsection (a) 
should inform the rulemaking efforts of the Secretary relating to 
hydrogen-natural gas blending. The Secretary may determine that 
rulemaking efforts related to hydrogen should be advanced before 
completion of the study under subsection (a).
(f) Statutory Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to prohibit or otherwise limit the authority of the Secretary 
to issue regulations relating to hydrogen prior to the submission of 
the report under subsection (d).

SEC. 21. PENALTY FOR CAUSING A DEFECT IN OR DISRUPTING OPERATION OF 
PIPELINE INFRASTRUCTURE.

Section 60123 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
``(e) Penalty for Causing a Defect in or Disrupting Operation of 
Pipeline Infrastructure.--
``(1) In general.--A person shall be fined under title 18, 
imprisoned for not more than 10 years, or both, if the person 
knowingly and willfully--
``(A) causes a defect in a pipe, pump, compressor, 
or valve in the possession of a pipeline operator to be 
used in construction of any pipeline facility described 
in subsection (b) that would affect the integrity or 
safe operation of any such facility; or
``(B) disrupts the operation of any pipeline 
facility described in subsection (b) by causing or 
undertaking the unauthorized or unplanned turning or 
manipulation of a valve.
``(2) Definition.--In this subsection, the term `in the 
possession of a pipeline operator' means, with respect to a 
pipe, pump, compressor, or valve, that such pipe, pump, 
compressor, or valve is--
``(A) in transit to a pipeline component staging 
site or construction site;
``(B) at a pipeline component staging site; or
``(C) at a construction site.''.

SEC. 22. CIVIL PENALTIES.

Section 60122(a)(1) of title 49, United States Code, is amended by 
striking ``$2,000,000'' and inserting ``$3,412,000''.

SEC. 23. LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS REGULATORY COORDINATION.

(a) Establishment and Purpose.--The Secretary of Transportation 
shall establish and convene a Liquefied Natural Gas Regulatory Safety 
Working Group (in this section referred to as the ``Working Group'') 
through the National Center of Excellence for Liquefied Natural Gas 
Safety to clarify the authority of Federal agencies in the authorizing 
and oversight of LNG facilities, other than peak shaving facilities, 
and improve coordination of the authority of such agencies.
(b) Membership.--
(1) In general.--The Working Group shall consist of certain 
representatives of the Federal Government, as such term is 
defined in clauses (i) through (v) of section 111(a)(3)(F) of 
the PIPES Act of 2020 (Public Law 116-260), as designated by 
the Secretary of Transportation or appropriate Federal agency 
leadership.
(2) Chair.--The Administrator of the Pipeline and Hazardous 
Materials Safety Administration or a designee of the 
Administrator shall serve as chair of the Working Group, unless 
an alternate member of the working group is selected by 
unanimous consent of the Working Group.
(3) Responsibilities of chair.--The Chair of the Working 
Group shall establish an agenda and schedule for the Working 
Group to accomplish the objectives described in subsection (c).
(c) Evaluation.--
(1) In general.--The Working Group shall evaluate 
individual Federal agency authorities pertaining to the siting 
and design, construction, operation and maintenance, and 
operational and process safety regulations of LNG facilities.
(2) Negotiation.--The Working Group shall negotiate Federal 
agency agreements pursuant to subsection (d) to establish 
procedures for--
(A) the application of the respective authorities 
of each Federal agency in ensuring safety in a manner 
to ensure effective regulation of LNG facilities in the 
public interest;
(B) resolving conflicts concerning overlapping 
jurisdiction among the Federal agencies; and
(C) avoiding, to the extent possible and if 
appropriate, conflicting or duplicative regulation, 
inspection protocols, and reporting obligations.
(d) Memorandum of Understanding and Interagency Agreements.--Not 
later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
agencies represented on the Working Group shall enter into interagency 
agreements or memorandums of understanding regarding best practices and 
individual agency safety oversight enforcement responsibilities 
regarding LNG facilities, other than peak shaving facilities.
(e) Report to Congress.--Not later than 1 year after entering into 
interagency agency agreements or memorandum of understanding under 
subsection (d), the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure and the Committee on Energy and 
Commerce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report on the memorandum of 
understanding or interagency agreements and how such memorandum or 
agreements have contributed to improved safety and enforcement 
oversight coordination of LNG facilities.
(f) LNG Defined.--In this section, the term ``LNG'' means liquefied 
natural gas.

SEC. 24. PIPELINE SAFETY VOLUNTARY INFORMATION-SHARING SYSTEM.

(a) In General.--Chapter 601 of title 49, United States Code, is 
further amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 60145. Voluntary information-sharing system
``(a) Establishment.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
confidential voluntary information-sharing system (referred to 
in this section as `VIS') to encourage the sharing of pipeline 
safety data and information in a non-punitive context in order 
to improve the safety of gas, carbon dioxide, and hazardous 
liquid gathering, transmission, and distribution pipelines and 
facilities, including storage facilities.
``(2) Purpose.--The purpose of the VIS is to establish a 
comprehensive, systematic, and integrated structure to gather, 
evaluate, and quantify critical pipeline safety data and 
information and to share recommended remediation measures and 
lessons learned across the pipeline industry in an effort to 
improve pipeline safety, including damage prevention efforts, 
while protecting participant confidentiality.
``(3) Implementation and management.--In establishing the 
VIS under this section, the Secretary shall implement and 
manage such VIS based on the Pipeline Safety Voluntary 
Information-Sharing System Recommendation Report prepared 
pursuant to section 10 of the Protecting Our Infrastructure of 
Pipelines and Enhancing Safety Act of 2016 (49 U.S.C. 60108 
note).
``(4) Inapplicability of faca.--The VIS shall not be 
considered a Federal advisory committee and shall not be 
subject to the requirements of chapter 10 of title 5.
``(b) Governance.--
``(1) In general.--A Governing Board, a Program Manager, a 
Third-Party Information Manager, and Issue Analysis Teams shall 
govern the VIS.
``(2) Governing board.--
``(A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after 
the date of enactment of this section, the 
Administrator of the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials 
Safety Administration shall appoint a Governing Board 
after consulting with public and private pipeline 
safety stakeholders.
``(B) Composition of the board.--The Governing 
Board shall be comprised of at least 9 members and 
shall represent a balanced cross-section of pipeline 
safety stakeholders with pipeline safety knowledge or 
experience as follows:
``(i) At least 3 individuals shall be 
selected from departments, agencies, 
instrumentalities of the Federal Government, 
Territories or Tribal governments, State 
governments, or local governments, 1 of which 
shall be the Administrator.
``(ii) At least 3 individuals shall be 
selected from the gas, carbon dioxide, or 
hazardous liquid industries, such as operators, 
trade associations, inspection technology, 
coating, and cathodic protection vendors, and 
pipeline inspection organizations.
``(iii) At least 3 individuals shall be 
selected from public safety advocate 
organizations, such as pipeline safety and 
environmental advocacy groups, public safety-
focused research institutions, or labor and 
worker safety representatives.
``(C) Board terms.--
``(i) In general.--Each member of the 
Governing Board shall be appointed for a term 
of 3 years, with the terms of 3 of the members 
expiring each year.
``(ii) Term expiration.--The term of at 
least 1 member of each of the 3 stakeholder 
groups established in subparagraph (B) shall 
expire each year.
``(iii) Initial appointment.--In the 
initial appointment of members, terms of 1, 2, 
and 3 years shall be established to allow the 
terms of 3 members to expire thereafter each 
year.
``(iv) Reappointment.--Each member may be 
reappointed for consecutive 3-year terms.
``(D) Co-chairs.--
``(i) In general.--The Governing Board 
shall be co-chaired by--
``(I) the Administrator;
``(II) a representative of the 
stakeholder group described in 
subparagraph (B)(ii), who shall be 
appointed with advice and consent of 
the Governing Board; and
``(III) a representative of the 
stakeholder group described in 
subparagraph (B)(iii), who shall be 
appointed with advice and consent of 
the Governing Board.
``(ii) Responsibilities.--The co-chairs of 
the Governing Board shall be jointly 
responsible for organizing and conducting 
meetings of the Governing Board.
``(E) Authority.--The Governing Board shall make 
decisions by a super-majority of two-thirds plus 1 of 
the Governing Board members and shall have the 
authority to--
``(i) govern and provide strategic 
oversight to the VIS;
``(ii) develop governance documents, 
including a Governing Board charter that is 
made available to the public, and that 
describes the scope of the authority and 
objectives of the Board;
``(iii) select a Third-Party Data Manager 
described in paragraph (4) with expertise in 
data protection, aggregation, and analytics and 
geographic information systems;
``(iv) approve the criteria and procedures 
governing how the Third-Party Data Manager 
described in paragraph (4) will receive and 
accept pipeline safety data and information and 
who will have the authority to view VIS data;
``(v) establish and appoint members to 
Issue Analysis Teams described in paragraph (5) 
that consist of technical and subject matter 
experts;
``(vi) collaborate with Issue Analysis 
Teams described in paragraph (5) to identify 
the issues and topics to be analyzed;
``(vii) collaborate with Issue Analysis 
Teams described in paragraph (5) to specify the 
type of de-identified pipeline safety data and 
information that Issue Analysis Teams need in 
order to analyze the issues identified under 
clause (vi) and topics;
``(viii) determine the information to be 
disseminated;
``(ix) determine the reports to be 
disseminated;
``(x) at least once per year, issue a 
report to the public on VIS processes, 
membership of the Governing Board, issues or 
topics being investigated and analyzed, 
pipeline safety data and information that the 
VIS has requested for submission to the VIS, 
and safety trends identified; and
``(xi) perform other functions as the 
Governing Board decides are necessary or 
appropriate consistent with the purpose of the 
VIS.
``(3) Program manager.--The Administrator shall provide the 
day-to-day program management and administrative support for 
the VIS, including oversight of the Third-Party Data Manager 
described in paragraph (4).
``(4) Third-party data manager.--
``(A) In general.--A Third-Party Data Manager shall 
provide data management and data oversight services for 
the VIS.
``(B) Responsibilities.--In fulfilling the 
responsibilities described in subparagraph (A), the 
Third-Party Data Manager shall--
``(i) accept pipeline safety data and 
information submitted to the VIS that meets the 
criteria and procedures established by the 
Governing Board under paragraph (2)(E)(iv);
``(ii) de-identify, securely store, and 
manage pipeline safety data and information 
that is accepted by the VIS;
``(iii) collaborate with Issue Analysis 
Teams described in paragraph (5) to aggregate 
and analyze de-identified pipeline safety data 
and information that is accepted by the VIS;
``(iv) prepare reports as requested by the 
Governing Board regarding the type of pipeline 
safety data and information that is managed by 
the VIS; and
``(v) make recommendations regarding the 
management of pipeline safety data and 
information, as appropriate.
``(5) Issue analysis teams.--Issue Analysis Teams of the 
VIS shall--
``(A) work with the Third-Party Data Manager 
described in paragraph (4) to aggregate and analyze de-
identified pipeline safety data and information 
accepted by the VIS;
``(B) collaborate with the Governing Board to 
identify issues and topics for analysis and submit 
internal reports and recommendations to the Governing 
Board; and
``(C) prepare reports as requested by the Governing 
Board regarding issues and topics identified for 
additional research by the Governing Board.
``(6) Participation.--
``(A) In general.--The submission of pipeline 
safety data and information to the VIS by any person 
shall be voluntary, with no person compelled to 
participate in or submit data or information for 
inclusion in the VIS.
``(B) Acceptance of information.--The VIS shall 
implement policies to ensure that all operator data or 
information submitted has been authorized by the 
operator for submission.
``(C) Sharing of information.--The Governing Board 
shall encourage the voluntary sharing of pipeline 
safety data and information among operators of gas, 
carbon dioxide, and hazardous liquid gathering, 
transmission, and distribution pipelines and 
facilities, employees, labor unions, contractors, in-
line inspection service providers, non-destructive 
evaluation experts, the Pipeline and Hazardous 
Materials Safety Administration, representatives of 
State pipeline safety agencies, local and Tribal 
governments, pipeline safety advocacy groups, 
manufacturers, research and academic institutions, and 
other pipeline stakeholders.
``(c) Information Sharing.--
``(1) Inclusions.--Pipeline safety data and information 
accepted by the VIS may include--
``(A) pipeline integrity risk analysis information;
``(B) lessons learned from accidents and near 
misses;
``(C) process improvements;
``(D) technology deployment practices;
``(E) information obtained through VIS pipeline 
safety surveys of pipeline operator employees, as long 
as such surveys are voluntarily agreed to by the 
pipeline operator; and
``(F) pipeline safety data and information which 
may lead to the identification of pipeline safety 
risks.
``(d) Confidentiality.--
``(1) In general.--
``(A) Confidentiality.--To facilitate the sharing 
of otherwise non-public pipeline safety data and 
information (hereinafter known as `non-public 
information') in the VIS, non-public information 
accepted by the VIS and which may be analyzed, stored, 
or managed by the VIS shall be kept confidential by the 
VIS.
``(B) Rule of construction.--Subparagraph (A) shall 
not be construed to apply to public information that 
may be submitted to the VIS or to non-public 
information that is required to be submitted to any 
Federal, State, local, or Tribal agency under any other 
provision of law.
``(2) Disclosure of de-identified, non-public 
information.--
``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding subsections (e) 
and (f), the Governing Board may approve the disclosure 
of de-identified, non-public information by the VIS or 
by the Administrator of the Pipeline and Hazardous 
Materials Safety Administration based on analysis of 
the de-identified information and any safety findings 
or recommendations that the Governing Board in the sole 
discretion of the Board determines to publish or 
authorizes the Administrator to publish to improve 
pipeline safety.
``(B) Public reports.--In issuing public reports 
under subsection (b)(2)(E)(x), the Governing Board 
shall approve the disclosure of de-identified, non-
public information by the VIS that the Governing Board 
determines is necessary to adequately describe and 
illustrate the issues and topics being investigated and 
analyzed by the VIS.
``(3) Limitation.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), no 
person, including any VIS Governing Board member, the Program 
Manager, the Third-Party Data Manager described in subsection 
(b)(4), an Issue Analysis Team member described in subsection 
(b)(5), or any Federal, State, local, or Tribal agency, having 
or obtaining access to non-public information by virtue of the 
acceptance of such information to the VIS, shall release or 
communicate VIS held non-public information, in either an 
identified or de-identified form, to any person that does not 
have the authority to view VIS data.
``(e) Applicability of FOIA.--Any non-public information that is 
accepted by the VIS and which may be analyzed, stored, or managed by 
the VIS and subsequently obtained by the Secretary or the Administrator 
by virtue of the acceptance of such information to the VIS shall be 
exempt from the requirements of section 552 of title 5 and specifically 
exempt from release under subsection (b)(3) of such section.
``(f) Exclusions.--
``(1) Excluded evidence.--Except as provided in paragraph 
(3), non-public information accepted by the VIS and which may 
be analyzed, stored, or managed by the VIS shall not be 
obtained from the VIS--
``(A) for use as evidence for any purpose in any 
Federal, State, local, Tribal, or private litigation, 
including any action or proceeding; or
``(B) to initiate any enforcement action or civil 
litigation against a pipeline operator or employees or 
contractors of such operator relating to a probable 
violation under this chapter (including any regulation 
promulgated or order issued under this chapter).
``(2) Exclusion from discovery.--Except as provided in 
paragraph (3), non-public information accepted by the VIS and 
which may be analyzed, stored, or managed by the VIS shall not 
be subject to discovery from the VIS in any Federal, State, 
local, Tribal, or private litigation or other proceeding.
``(3) Limitations on exclusions.--The exclusions described 
in paragraphs (1) and (2) shall not apply to non-public 
information accepted by the VIS that is--
``(A) evidence of a criminal violation;
``(B) not related to the established purpose of the 
VIS described in subsection (a)(2);
``(C) otherwise required to be reported to the 
Secretary under part 191 (including information about 
an incident or accident), part 192, part 194, part 195, 
or part 199 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations 
(or successor regulations), or required to be reported 
under the requirements of a State authority; or
``(D) developed or obtained from a source other 
than the VIS, including through discovery from a person 
or an entity other than the VIS in an enforcement 
action or private litigation.
``(4) Additional limitations on exclusions.--The exclusions 
described in paragraphs (1) and (2) shall not apply to non-
public information that is submitted to but not accepted by the 
VIS.
``(g) Effect on State Law.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to affect Federal, State, Tribal, or local pipeline safety 
law.
``(h) No Effect on Discovery.--
``(1) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this section or any 
rule, regulation, or amendment issued pursuant to this section 
shall be construed to create a defense to a discovery request 
or otherwise limit or affect the discovery of pipeline safety 
data and information arising from a cause of action authorized 
under any Federal, State, Tribal, or local law.
``(2) Exception.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply to 
exclusions from discovery from the VIS as described in 
subsection (f)(2).
``(i) Expenses.--
``(1) In general.--Members of the VIS Governing Board and 
Issue Analysis Teams may be paid expenses under section 5703 of 
title 5.
``(2) Rule of construction.--A payment under this 
subsection shall not be construed to make a member of the VIS 
Governing Board an officer or employee of the Federal 
Government.
``(3) Federal employees.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply to 
members of the VIS Governing Board that are employees of the 
Federal Government.
``(j) Report on VIS.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
enactment of this section, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
on Transportation and Infrastructure and the Committee on Energy and 
Commerce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate, and make publicly available, 
a report that includes--
``(1) a detailed accounting of the allocation and uses of 
expenditures authorized under this section;
``(2) an estimate of the annual cost to maintain the VIS 
program, including an assessment and projection of costs 
associated with the Third-Party Data Manager, data sourcing and 
storage, data governance, data architecture, data consumption, 
and the VIS operations and administration by the Pipeline and 
Hazardous Materials Safety Administration;
``(3) the methodology for determining the estimate under 
paragraph (2);
``(4) the number of expected participants in the VIS 
program;
``(5) the number of Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety 
Administration positions needed to maintain the VIS program;
``(6) the projected timeline for the implementation of the 
VIS program to meet the purposes under subsection (a)(2); and
``(7) recommendations to ensure sufficient funding for the 
ongoing activities of the VIS program, including a reasonable 
fee assessed on authorized participants in the VIS program.
``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated for the establishment of a voluntary information-sharing 
program under this section--
``(1) $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
``(2) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(3) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2028; and
``(4) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2029.''.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 601 of title 49, 
United States Code, is further amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``60145.Voluntary information-sharing system.''.

SEC. 25. CARBON DIOXIDE PIPELINES.

(a) Purpose and General Authority.--Section 60102 of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (b)--
(A) in subparagraph (1)(B)(i) by inserting ``or 
carbon dioxide'' after ``hazardous liquids''; and
(B) in paragraph (2)(A)--
(i) by redesignating clause (ii) and (iii) 
as clause (iii) and (iv), respectively; and
(ii) by inserting after clause (i) the 
following:
``(ii) carbon dioxide pipeline safety 
information;'';
(2) in subsection (c) by inserting ``or carbon dioxide 
pipeline facility'' after ``hazardous liquid pipeline 
facility'';
(3) in subsection (d)(2)--
(A) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``and'' at the 
end;
(B) in subparagraph (B) by striking the semicolon 
and inserting ``; and''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(C) major carbon dioxide pipeline facilities of 
the operator;'';
(4) in subsection (e) by striking ``transportation of gas 
or hazardous liquid'' and inserting ``transportation of gas, 
hazardous liquid, or carbon dioxide'';
(5) in subsection (f)(1) by striking ``natural gas 
transmission pipeline or hazardous liquid pipeline facilities'' 
and inserting ``natural gas transmission pipeline, hazardous 
liquid pipeline facilities, or carbon dioxide pipeline 
facilities'' each place it appears; and
(6) in subsection (i)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``regulate carbon 
dioxide'' and all that follows through ``by such a 
facility'' and inserting ``prescribe standards related 
to pipeline facilities to ensure the safe 
transportation of carbon dioxide in a liquid or 
supercritical state by such facilities'';
(B) by striking paragraph (2)(B) and inserting the 
following:
``(B) Inclusion of applicable standards.--The 
Secretary shall establish the minimum safety standards 
in part 195 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, 
as applicable.'';
(C) in paragraph (3) by inserting ``prescribe the 
location of a carbon dioxide storage facility or to'' 
before ``regulate piping'';
(D) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph 
(4);
(E) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
``(3) Storage of carbon dioxide.--
``(A) Minimum safety standards.--The Secretary 
shall prescribe minimum safety standards for the 
injection, withdrawal, and storage of carbon dioxide 
incidental to pipeline transportation.
``(B) Storage of carbon dioxide incidental to 
pipeline transportation.--In this paragraph, the term 
`storage of carbon dioxide incidental to pipeline 
transportation'--
``(i) means the temporary receipt and 
storage of carbon dioxide transported by 
pipeline for continued transport; but
``(ii) does not include--
``(I) with respect to each State, 
the long-term containment of carbon 
dioxide in subsurface geologic 
formations or other activity subject to 
the requirements of a State underground 
injection control program prescribed by 
the Administrator of the Environmental 
Protection Agency and applicable to the 
State, or adopted by the State and 
approved by the Administrator, under 
part C of the Safe Drinking Water Act 
(42 U.S.C. 300h et seq.); or
``(II) the temporary storage of 
carbon dioxide in any excepted 
pipelines listed in paragraph (b) of 
section 195.1 of title 49, Code of 
Federal Regulations, as of the date of 
enactment of the PIPES Act of 2025.''; 
and
(F) by adding at the end the following:
``(5) Dispersion modeling.--
``(A) Safety standards.--The Secretary shall 
prescribe minimum safety standards to require each 
operator of a carbon dioxide pipeline facility to 
employ vapor dispersion modeling to identify high 
consequence areas, as defined at section 195.450 of 
title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, and paragraph 
(7)(I)(A) of Appendix C to part 195 of such title, that 
could be affected by a release from such a pipeline.
``(B) Considerations.--In performing the vapor 
dispersion modeling under subparagraph (A), operators 
of a carbon dioxide pipeline facility shall consider--
``(i) the topography surrounding the 
pipeline;
``(ii) atmospheric conditions that could 
affect vapor dispersion;
``(iii) pipeline operating characteristics; 
and
``(iv) additional substances present in the 
pipeline that could affect vapor dispersion.
``(C) Maintenance of files.--The Secretary shall 
require each operator of a carbon dioxide pipeline 
facility to maintain records documenting the areas that 
could affect high consequence areas, as determined 
using the vapor dispersion modeling required pursuant 
to subparagraph (A), in the manual of written 
procedures for operating, maintaining, and handling 
emergencies for such pipeline.
``(D) Protection of sensitive information.--In 
responding to a public request for information 
regarding carbon dioxide dispersion modeling, the 
Secretary may, taking into account public safety, 
security, and the need for public access, exclude from 
disclosure (as the Secretary determines appropriate)--
``(i) security sensitive information 
related to strategies for responding to worst-
case carbon dioxide release scenarios;
``(ii) security sensitive information 
related to carbon dioxide release plumes; and
``(iii) security sensitive information 
related to plans for responding to a carbon 
dioxide release.
``(E) Statutory construction.--Nothing in this 
section may be construed to require disclosure of 
information or records that are exempt from disclosure 
under section 552 of title 5.''.
(b) Regulations Required.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
publishing a notice of proposed rulemaking titled ``Pipeline Safety: 
Safety of Carbon Dioxide and Hazardous Liquid Pipelines'' (or any other 
notice of proposed rulemaking covering substantially similar regulatory 
requirements), the Secretary shall issue a final rule based on such 
proposed rulemaking. The final rule shall include updates to such 
regulations as are necessary to implement section 60102(i) of title 49, 
United States Code, as amended by subsection (a), and other carbon 
dioxide safety issues identified by the Secretary.
(c) State Pipeline Safety Program Certifications.--Section 
60105(b)(9)(A) of title 49, United States Code, is amended by striking 
``natural gas and hazardous liquid'' and inserting ``natural gas, 
hazardous liquid, and carbon dioxide''.
(d) State Pipeline Safety Grants.--Section 60107(a)(2) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by inserting ``or interstate carbon 
dioxide'' after ``interstate hazardous liquid''.
(e) Inspection and Maintenance.--Section 60108 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(1) by striking ``gas pipeline 
facility or hazardous liquid pipeline facility'' and inserting 
``gas pipeline facility, hazardous liquid pipeline facility, or 
carbon dioxide pipeline facility''; and
(2) in subsection (e)(1) by striking ``gas or hazardous 
liquid pipeline facility'' and inserting ``gas pipeline 
facility, hazardous liquid pipeline facility, or carbon dioxide 
pipeline facility''.
(f) High-Density Population Areas and Environmentally Sensitive 
Areas.--Section 60109 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(1)(B)--
(A) by inserting ``or carbon dioxide'' after ``by 
operators of hazardous liquid'';
(B) by inserting ``and carbon dioxide'' after 
``each hazardous liquid'' each place it appears; and
(C) in clause (ii) by inserting ``or carbon 
dioxide'' after ``there is a hazardous liquid'';
(2) in subsection (b) by inserting ``or carbon dioxide'' 
after ``there is a hazardous liquid''; and
(3) in subsection (g)--
(A) in the heading by inserting ``and Carbon 
Dioxide'' after ``Liquid''; and
(B) in paragraph (2) by inserting ``or carbon 
dioxide'' after ``underwater hazardous liquid''.
(g) Technical Safety Standards Committees.--Section 60115 of title 
49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (b)(2)--
(A) by striking ``transporting hazardous liquid or 
operating a hazardous liquid pipeline facility'' and 
inserting ``transporting hazardous liquid, transporting 
carbon dioxide, operating a hazardous liquid pipeline 
facility, or operating a carbon dioxide pipeline 
facility'' each place it appears; and
(B) by striking ``transporting hazardous liquid and 
of hazardous liquid pipeline facilities'' and inserting 
``transporting hazardous liquid or transporting carbon 
dioxide and of hazardous liquid pipeline facilities or 
carbon dioxide pipeline facilities'';
(2) in subsection (b)(3)(B) by striking ``the natural gas 
or hazardous liquid industry'' and inserting ``the natural gas 
industry, the hazardous liquid industry, or the carbon dioxide 
industry'';
(3) in subsection (b)(4)(B) by striking ``natural gas 
pipelines or hazardous liquid pipeline facilities'' and 
inserting ``natural gas pipelines, hazardous liquid pipeline 
facilities, or carbon dioxide pipeline facilities'';
(4) in subsection (c)(1)(B) by striking ``transporting 
hazardous liquid and for hazardous liquid pipeline facilities'' 
and inserting ``transporting carbon dioxide, hazardous liquid 
pipeline facilities and carbon dioxide facilities''; and
(5) in subsection (d)(1) by striking ``transporting 
hazardous liquid and for hazardous liquid pipeline facilities'' 
and inserting ``transporting hazardous liquid, transporting 
carbon dioxide, hazardous liquid pipeline facilities, and 
carbon dioxide pipeline facilities''.
(h) Public Education Programs.--Section 60116 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by striking ``gas or hazardous liquid pipeline 
facility'' and inserting ``gas pipeline facility, hazardous liquid 
pipeline facility, or carbon dioxide pipeline facility'' each place 
that it appears.
(i) Administrative Provisions.--Section 60117 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (o)(1)--
(A) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``liquid 
pipeline facility or liquefied natural gas pipeline 
facility'' and inserting ``liquid pipeline facility, a 
liquefied natural gas pipeline facility, or a carbon 
dioxide pipeline facility''; and
(B) in subparagraph (B)(i)(II) by inserting ``or 
carbon dioxide pipeline facility'' after ``hazardous 
liquid pipeline facility''; and
(2) in subsection (p)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``gas or hazardous 
liquid pipeline facilities'' and inserting ``gas 
pipeline facilities, hazardous liquid pipeline 
facilities, or carbon dioxide pipeline facilities''; 
and
(B) in paragraph (8) by striking ``gas or hazardous 
liquid pipeline facility'' and inserting ``gas pipeline 
facility, hazardous liquid pipeline facility, or carbon 
dioxide pipeline facility''.
(j) Criminal Penalties.--Section 60123(b) of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by striking ``an interstate hazardous liquid 
pipeline facility, or either an intrastate gas pipeline facility or 
intrastate hazardous liquid pipeline facility'' and inserting ``an 
interstate hazardous liquid pipeline facility, an interstate carbon 
dioxide pipeline facility, or either an intrastate gas pipeline 
facility, an intrastate hazardous liquid pipeline facility, or an 
intrastate carbon dioxide facility''.
(k) Emergency Response Grants.--Section 60125(b)(1) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by striking ``gas or hazardous liquid 
pipelines'' and inserting ``gas pipelines, hazardous liquid pipelines, 
or carbon dioxide pipelines''.
(l) Dumping Within Pipeline Rights-of-Way.--Section 60128(a) of 
title 49, United States Code, is amended by striking ``interstate gas 
pipeline facility or interstate hazardous liquid pipeline facility'' 
and inserting ``interstate gas pipeline facility, interstate hazardous 
liquid pipeline facility, or interstate carbon dioxide pipeline 
facility''.
(m) Verification of Pipeline Qualification Programs.--Section 
60131(g) of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1) by striking ``and'' at the end;
(2) in paragraph (2) by striking the period at the end and 
inserting ``; and''; and
(3) by adding at the end the following:
``(3) with respect to a carbon dioxide pipeline facility, 
activities equivalent to the activities described with respect 
to a hazardous liquid pipeline facility under section 195.501 
of such title.''.
(n) Enforcement Transparency.--Section 60135(a)(1) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by striking ``gas and hazardous liquid 
pipeline'' and inserting ``gas, hazardous liquid, and carbon dioxide 
pipeline''.
(o) Pipeline Control Room Management.--Section 60137 and title 49, 
United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a) by striking ``gas or hazardous liquid 
pipeline'' and inserting ``gas, hazardous liquid, or carbon 
dioxide pipeline'';
(2) in subsection (d) by striking ``gas or hazardous liquid 
pipeline'' and inserting ``gas, hazardous liquid, or carbon 
dioxide pipeline''; and
(3) in subsection (e) by striking ``gas or hazardous liquid 
pipeline'' and inserting ``gas, hazardous liquid, or carbon 
dioxide pipeline''.
(p) Pipeline Safety Enhancement Programs.--Section 60142 of title 
49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``or'' at the end;
(B) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph 
(3); and
(C) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
``(2) a carbon dioxide pipeline facility; or'';
(2) in subsection (k)(2)(A) by striking ``interstate gas or 
hazardous liquid pipeline facilities'' and inserting 
``interstate gas pipeline facilities, interstate hazardous 
liquid pipeline facilities, or interstate carbon dioxide 
pipeline facilities''; and
(3) in subsection (l)(1) by striking ``interstate gas or 
hazardous liquid pipeline facilities'' and inserting 
``interstate gas pipeline facilities, interstate hazardous 
liquid pipeline facilities, or interstate carbon dioxide 
pipeline facilities''.
(q) Idled Pipelines.--Section 60143 of title 49, United States 
Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(2) by inserting ``carbon dioxide,'' 
after ``hazardous liquid,''; and
(2) in subsection (b) by striking ``gas transmission and 
hazardous liquid pipelines'' and inserting ``gas transmission, 
hazardous liquid, and carbon dioxide pipelines'' each place it 
appears.
(r) User Fees.--Section 60301 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in subsection (a) by striking ``natural gas and 
hazardous liquids'' and inserting ``natural gas, hazardous 
liquids, and carbon dioxide'';
(2) in subsection (b) by striking ``gas pipeline facility, 
or a hazardous liquid pipeline facility'' and inserting ``gas 
pipeline facility, a hazardous liquid pipeline facility, or a 
carbon dioxide pipeline facility''; and
(3) in subsection (d)(1)--
(A) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``and'' at the 
end; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
``(C) related to a carbon dioxide pipeline facility may be 
used only for an activity related to carbon dioxide under 
chapter 601 of this title; and''.

SEC. 26. OPPORTUNITY FOR FORMAL HEARING.

(a) Enforcement Procedures.--Section 60117(b)(1) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subparagraph (I) by striking ``and'' at the end;
(2) in subparagraph (J) by striking the period and 
inserting ``; and''; and
(3) by adding at the end the following:
``(K) allow the respondent an opportunity for a 
hearing on the record conducted by an administrative 
law judge, in accordance with section 554 of title 5, 
for a notice of probable violation enforcement matter--
``(i) with a proposed civil penalty of at 
least $125,000; or
``(ii) where the respondent can reasonably 
show the cost of the proposed compliance action 
will exceed $125,000.''.
(b) Protocols for Public Hearings.--Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall 
publish protocols for hearings open to the public pursuant to section 
60117(b)(2) of title 49, United States Code, that ensure an orderly 
process and protection of confidential information.
(c) Report on Use of Formal Hearing Process.--Not later than 3 
years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and the 
Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a 
report detailing--
(1) the number of hearings held pursuant to subparagraph 
(K) of section 60117(b)(1) of title 49, United States Code;
(2) the status of each such hearing;
(3) an analysis comparing the informal hearing process and 
the formal hearing process that describes--
(A) the length of time to resolve an enforcement 
action under section 60117 of title 49, United States 
Code;
(B) the cost of the enforcement action process to--
(i) the respondent; and
(ii) the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials 
Safety Administration; and
(C) the number of cases that reach settlement and 
the outcome of such cases;
(4) any additional resources that are needed by the 
Secretary in response to implementing this provision for each 
fiscal year to carry out the amendment made by subsection (a); 
and
(5) any safety improvements identified as a result of the 
implementation of subparagraph (K) of section 60117(b)(1) of 
title 49, United States Code.

SEC. 27. STATE PIPELINE SAFETY GRANTS REPORTING.

Section 60107(b) of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) by striking ``After notifying'' and inserting ``(1) 
Withholding of payment.--After notifying''; and
(2) by adding at the end the following:
``(2) Budget estimate.--The budget estimates of the Secretary for 
each fiscal year shall include--
``(A) a summary of amounts claimed, amounts 
reimbursed, and the percentages reimbursed in the 
preceding 3 fiscal years for the program under this 
section; and
``(B) the estimated funding necessary to fund 80 
percent of the cost of the personnel, equipment, and 
activities under this section for the subsequent 
calendar year.''.

SEC. 28. DISCLOSURE OF SAFETY INFORMATION ASSESSMENT.

(a) Assessment.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall conduct an 
assessment on how gas pipeline facility, hazardous liquid pipeline 
facility, and carbon dioxide pipeline facility owners and operators 
engage with, and provide safety information to, the public and State, 
Tribal, or local emergency response organizations.
(b) Safety Information.--In conducting the assessment required 
under subsection (a), the Secretary shall consider--
(1) pipeline safety materials that the owners and operators 
of pipelines described in subsection (a) voluntarily provide to 
the public;
(2) methods of interaction between pipeline facility owners 
and operators and the public and State, Tribal, and local 
emergency response entities;
(3) Federal, State, Tribal, and local government 
regulations governing information that pipeline facility owners 
and operators are required to share with the public;
(4) industry consensus standards regarding the sharing of 
pipeline safety and emergency response information;
(5) specific data that could be shared with local, Tribal, 
and State emergency response and planning agencies, local 
public and Tribal officials, and governing councils to enhance 
information sharing and pipeline safety, specifically--
(A) the identification of general pipeline 
location, or information including location, the 
products transported by pipeline or stored at an 
underground natural gas facility, data on breakout 
tanks or production facilities that includes pipeline 
classification and impact areas, and owner or operator 
emergency response planning materials; and
(B) information emergency response organizations 
ask pipeline owners and operators to voluntarily share 
with the public;
(6) emergency response materials that pipeline facility 
owners and operators voluntarily provide to emergency response 
organizations;
(7) how pipeline facility owners and operators communicate 
with emergency response organizations, including--
(A) the functional quality and use of data shared 
through the National Pipeline Mapping System; and
(B) the measures taken by emergency response 
organizations to secure any sensitive information 
shared;
(8) emergency response planning guidance and requirements 
issued by emergency response organizations for pipeline 
facility owners and operators; and
(9) changes emergency response organizations recommend to 
improve communication with the public and emergency response 
coordination organizations.
(c) Consultation.--In conducting the assessment under subsection 
(a), the Secretary shall consult with both large and small pipeline 
facility owners and operators, urban and rural State, local, and Tribal 
governments, emergency response organizations, and pipeline safety 
organizations.
(d) Report to Congress.--Not later than 180 days after completion 
of the assessment in subsection (a), the Secretary shall submit to the 
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and the Committee on 
Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, a report 
containing the findings of the assessment under subsection (a) and any 
legislative recommendations of the Secretary.
(e) Guidance.--Not later than 180 days after the submission of the 
report under subsection (d), the Secretary may issue guidance to 
improve pipeline safety information sharing with the public and other 
interested parties to advance pipeline safety.
(f) Definitions.--The definitions contained in section 60101(a) of 
title 49, United States Code, shall apply to this section.

SEC. 29. ASSESSMENT OF CERTAIN PIPELINE SAFETY DEFINITIONS.

(a) Evaluation.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall evaluate the 
definition in section 192.5(b)(3)(ii) of title 49, Code of Federal 
Regulations, and the definition of identified site in section 192.903 
of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, to determine the adequacy for 
protecting buildings and occupied outdoor facilities from pipeline 
safety incidents.
(b) Considerations.--In carrying out the evaluation under 
subsection (a), the Secretary shall consider--
(1) whether to revise the definition of the occupancy 
counts of these areas;
(2) whether consistency in minimum occupancy thresholds 
throughout part 192 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, 
would improve safety; and
(3) whether defining the occupancy counts in these areas as 
20 or more persons on at least a total of 50 days within any 
12-month period would improve--
(A) safety; and
(B) the efficiency of carrying out class 
determinations.
(c) Modification of Definitions.--The Secretary shall issue such 
regulations as the Secretary determines necessary to modify the 
definitions in subsection (a) to increase safety for the protection of 
buildings and occupied outdoor facilities from pipeline safety 
incidents.

SEC. 30. REPORT ASSESSING THE COSTS OF PIPELINE FAILURES.

(a) Report Assessing the Costs of Pipeline Failures.--Not later 
than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Transportation shall enter into an agreement with the National 
Academies under which the National Academies shall, not later than 3 
years after such date of enactment, conduct a study of the direct and 
indirect costs related to the failure or shutdown of a gas, hazardous 
liquid, or carbon dioxide pipeline facility.
(b) Elements.--The study described under subsection (a) may include 
an analysis of--
(1) the direct and indirect costs related to a failure or 
shutdown of a gas, hazardous liquid, or carbon dioxide pipeline 
facility, including local, State, and Tribal community 
emergency response costs, local, State, and Tribal planning for 
emergency response, and local, State, and Tribal community 
impact costs of loss of product;
(2) the costs to an operator of such a facility of 
complying with enforcement actions related to a pipeline 
facility failure or shutdown, such as corrective action or 
consent orders, safety orders, and emergency orders;
(3) the direct and indirect costs related to failure or 
shutdown of a gas, hazardous liquid, or carbon dioxide pipeline 
facility resulting from a cyber attack or intrusion, including 
any economic and supply chain impacts;
(4) the impact to emergency response planning and resources 
of local communities, operators of gas, hazardous liquid, or 
carbon dioxide pipeline facilities, and the State, Federal, 
local, and Tribal governments in responding to and mitigating 
the impacts of a failure or shutdown of a gas, hazardous 
liquid, or carbon dioxide pipeline facility;
(5) the costs of environmental remediation resulting from a 
gas, hazardous liquid, or carbon dioxide pipeline facility 
failure or shutdown;
(6) the economic impact of a gas, hazardous liquid, or 
carbon dioxide pipeline facility failure or shutdown, 
including--
(A) increases in product costs;
(B) damage to public and private property; and
(C) the potential costs of moving gas, hazardous 
liquid, or carbon dioxide by other means of 
transportation, including by rail, truck, and barge; 
and
(7) increased energy costs to households and businesses 
reliant on the movement of the gas, hazardous liquid or carbon 
dioxide due to the shutdown or failure of a pipeline facility.
(c) Consultation.--In conducting the study under subsection (a), 
the National Academies shall consult with economists, State, Federal, 
local, and Tribal governments, emergency management officials, and 
pipeline stakeholders, including pipeline facility operators and public 
safety and environmental groups.
(d) Report to Congress.--Upon completion of the study conducted 
under subsection (a), the Secretary shall--
(1) require the National Academies to submit to the 
Secretary a report on such study; and
(2) submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report containing 
the results of such study.

SEC. 31. STUDY ON LOCALIZED EMERGENCY ALERT SYSTEM FOR PIPELINE 
FACILITIES INCIDENTS.

(a) GAO Review.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall submit to the Secretary of Transportation, the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure and the Committee on Energy and 
Commerce of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on 
Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a study assessing--
(1) the need and feasibility of requiring owners and 
operators of covered facilities to establish and maintain a 
localized emergency alert system; and
(2) whether such an alert system would be best maintained 
by State, Tribal, or local emergency management officials or 
owners and operators of such facilities.
(b) Considerations.--In conducting the study under subsection (a), 
the Comptroller General shall--
(1) consider the feasibility, benefits, costs, and safety 
impacts to affected stakeholders, including owners and 
operators of covered facilities, the public, and State and 
local emergency management officials, of requiring a localized 
emergency alert system;
(2) consider whether a localized emergency alert system can 
be established by such owners and operators or incorporated 
into existing public alert, broadcast, and electronic emergency 
alert systems, including by assessing--
(A) whether a localized emergency alert system 
established and maintained by an owner or operator of a 
covered facility would conflict with, or impede the 
operation of, existing emergency alert systems;
(B) the feasibility, benefits, costs, and 
technological needs of incorporating facility system 
data into existing emergency alert systems;
(C) whether local emergency management 
organizations may need additional hardware, software, 
personnel, or communications support to incorporate a 
localized emergency alert system into an existing 
emergency alert system;
(D) whether other systems could support 
notification to the public of an incident or accident 
at a covered facility, such as the National Response 
Center, the Reverse-911 telecommunication system, or 
severe weather warning systems; and
(E) whether localized emergency alert systems have 
been considered, studied, or implemented in other high 
hazard industries, such as industrial gases, chemicals, 
petrochemicals, and petroleum refining, and the results 
of any study or implementation of such systems in such 
industries;
(3) consult with owners and operators of large and small 
covered facilities, public safety advocacy groups, and urban 
and rural State, Tribal, and local emergency management 
officials;
(4) assess the adequacy of existing practices of owners and 
operators of covered facilities in providing timely and 
pertinent safety communication about an incident or accident at 
such facility to local communities, including individuals with 
disabilities and other at-risk populations with access and 
functional needs, affected by such incident or accident;
(5) assess whether there are legal hurdles to establishing 
a localized emergency alert system that uses voluntarily 
collected data or opt-in procedures, including any data 
security considerations;
(6) consider the feasibility, benefits, costs, and other 
impacts to State and Federal safety regulators who would 
oversee any requirement of owners and operators of covered 
facilities;
(7) assess the types of incidents and accidents at covered 
facilities, by commodities transported and the unique 
characteristics of such incident or accident, that should be 
reported through a localized emergency alert system and the 
content of the information that should be provided;
(8) assess which members of the public should receive 
communications from localized emergency alert systems, 
including individuals, persons, or organizations located in the 
vicinity of high consequence areas, unusually sensitive areas, 
and any other defining characteristics as determined by the 
Comptroller General; and
(9) consider whether any Federal requirements or mandates 
are needed in order to establish an effective localized 
emergency alert system for incidents or accidents at covered 
facilities.
(c) Recommendations.--The Comptroller General shall include in the 
study conducted under subsection (a) any policy recommendations 
developed as a result of the information studied and assessed under 
subsection (b).
(d) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) Covered facility.--The term ``covered facility'' means 
a gas pipeline facility, a hazardous liquid pipeline facility, 
or a carbon dioxide pipeline facility, including a liquefied 
natural gas storage facility or an underground natural gas 
storage facility, as defined in section 60101 of title 49, 
United States Code.
(2) Localized emergency alert system.--The term ``localized 
emergency alert system'' means a system that provides to 
individuals in the immediate vicinity of a covered facility an 
electronic notification of an incident or accident at such 
facility that presents an immediate risk to life or property.

SEC. 32. MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE OPERATING PRESSURE.

(a) In General.--Section 60139 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in subsection (c)(1)(A) by inserting ``except as 
provided in subsection (e),'' before ``require'';
(2) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (f); and
(3) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
``(e) Testing Records Working Group.--
``(1) Previously tested transmission lines.--Until the 
completion of the report of the Working Group required under 
paragraph (2) and the rulemaking proceeding required under 
paragraph (3), the Secretary shall not require an owner or 
operator of a pipeline facility to reconfirm the maximum 
allowable operating pressure of a natural gas transmission 
pipeline pursuant to section 192.624 of title 49, Code of 
Federal Regulations, if the owner or operator confirms the 
material strength of the pipeline through prior testing 
conducted to a sufficient minimum pressure in accordance with 
prevailing safety standards and practices, including any 
applicable class location factors, and documented in 
contemporaneous records.
``(2) Working group report.--
``(A) In general.--No later than 30 days after the 
date of enactment of the PIPES Act of 2025, the 
Secretary of Transportation shall create a fairly 
balanced working group (hereinafter referred to as the 
`Working Group') to produce a report containing 
recommendations on the minimum pressure and 
contemporaneous records that are sufficient to confirm 
the material strength of a pipeline through prior 
testing.
``(B) Composition of working group.--The Working 
Group--
``(i) shall be comprised of the 
Administrator of the Pipeline and Hazardous 
Materials Safety Administration, State pipeline 
regulators, the public, and industry 
stakeholders active in the operation of natural 
gas pipelines; and
``(ii) may include members of the Technical 
Pipeline Safety Standards Committee or be 
conducted in a manner that otherwise ensures 
input from the public, as determined 
appropriate by the Secretary.
``(C) Consideration.--In preparing the report 
required under paragraph (1), the Working Group--
``(i) shall consider historical practices 
and all available research conducted regarding 
minimum pressure and contemporaneous records on 
transmission pipelines; and
``(ii) may consider the need for any 
additional research or analyses needed to 
demonstrate the adequacy of any strength 
testing performed.
``(D) Applicability of faca.--Chapter 10 of title 5 
shall not apply to the Working Group.
``(E) Submission of report.--Not later than 180 
days after the date of enactment of the PIPES Act of 
2025, the Working Group shall submit to the Secretary 
the report produced under paragraph (2), including any 
minority views.
``(3) Rulemaking.--Not later than 180 days after receiving 
the report described in paragraph (2), the Secretary shall 
initiate a rulemaking proceeding under section 60102 to revise, 
or make a technical correction to, the maximum allowable 
operating pressure reconfirmation regulations issued pursuant 
to this section.''.
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