H.R. 6971

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 6971 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
2d Session
H. R. 6971

To require congressional approval of major Executive Orders and major 
rules, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

January 7, 2026

Mr. Rogers of Alabama introduced the following bill; which was referred 
to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committees on 
Rules, the Budget, and Oversight and Government Reform, for a period to 
be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for 
consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the 
committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

A BILL

To require congressional approval of major Executive Orders and major 
rules, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``___ Act of 2025''.

SEC. 2. CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW OF EXECUTIVE ORDERS.

(a) Requirements.--
(1) In general.--Before an Executive Order may take effect, 
the President shall publish in the Federal Register a list of 
information on which the Executive Order is based, including 
data, scientific and economic studies, and cost-benefit 
analyses, and identify how the public can access such 
information online, and shall submit to each House of the 
Congress and to the Comptroller General a report containing--
(A) a copy of the Executive Order;
(B) a concise general statement relating to the 
Executive Order;
(C) a classification of the Executive Order as a 
major or nonmajor Executive Order, including an 
explanation of the classification specifically 
addressing each criteria for a major Executive Order;
(D) a list of any other related executive actions 
intended to implement the same objective, as well as 
the individual and aggregate economic effects of those 
actions; and
(E) the proposed effective date of the Executive 
Order.
(2) Report to chairmen and ranking members.--Upon receipt 
of a report submitted under paragraph (1), each House shall 
provide copies of the report to the chairman and ranking member 
of each standing committee with jurisdiction under the rules of 
the House of Representatives or the Senate to report a bill to 
amend the provision of law under which the Executive Order is 
issued.
(3) Joint resolution of approval required for major 
executive orders.--A major Executive Order relating to a report 
submitted under paragraph (1) shall take effect upon enactment 
of a joint resolution of approval described in section 3 or as 
provided for in the Executive Order following enactment of a 
joint resolution of approval described in such section, 
whichever is later.
(4) Nonmajor executive orders.--A nonmajor Executive Order 
shall take effect after submission to Congress under paragraph 
(1).
(5) Failure to enact joint resolution of approval.--If a 
joint resolution of approval relating to a major Executive 
Order is not enacted within the period provided in subsection 
(b)(2), then a joint resolution of approval relating to the 
same Executive Order may not be considered under this Act in 
the same Congress by either the House of Representatives or the 
Senate.
(b) Joint Resolution of Approval Requirement.--
(1) In general.--A major Executive Order shall not take 
effect unless the Congress enacts a joint resolution of 
approval described under section 3.
(2) Time limitation.--If a joint resolution described in 
paragraph (1) is not enacted into law by the end of 70 session 
days or legislative days, as applicable, beginning on the date 
on which the report referred to in subsection (a)(1) is 
received by Congress (excluding days either House of Congress 
is adjourned for more than 3 days during a session of 
Congress), then the Executive Order described in that 
resolution shall be deemed not to be approved and such rule 
shall not take effect.
(c) Exception.--
(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
this section (except subject to paragraph (3)), a major 
Executive Order may take effect for one 90-calendar-day period 
if the President makes a determination under paragraph (2) and 
submits written notice of such determination to the Congress.
(2) Criteria.--Paragraph (1) applies to a determination 
made by the President by Executive order that the major rule 
should take effect because such Executive Order is--
(A) necessary because of an imminent threat to 
health or safety or other emergency;
(B) necessary for the enforcement of criminal laws;
(C) necessary for national security; or
(D) issued pursuant to any statute implementing an 
international trade agreement.
(3) No effect of joint resolution of approval.--An exercise 
by the President of the authority under this subsection shall 
have no effect on the procedures under [section__*].
(d) Special Rules for End of Session.--
(1) In general.--In addition to the opportunity for review 
otherwise provided under this chapter, in the case of any 
Executive Order for which a report was submitted in accordance 
with subsection (a)(1) during the period beginning on the date 
occurring--
(A) in the case of the Senate, 60 session days; or
(B) in the case of the House of Representatives, 60 
legislative days,
before the date the Congress is scheduled to adjourn a session 
of Congress through the date on which the same or succeeding 
Congress first convenes its next session, section 3 shall apply 
to such Executive Order in the succeeding session of Congress.
(2) Application.--
(A) In general.--In applying section 3 for purposes 
of such additional review, an Executive Order described 
under paragraph (1) shall be treated as though--
(i) such Executive Order were published in 
the Federal Register on--
(I) in the case of the Senate, the 
15th session day; or
(II) in the case of the House of 
Representatives, the 15th legislative 
day,
after the succeeding session of Congress first 
convenes; and
(ii) a report on such Executive Order was 
submitted to Congress under subsection (a)(1) 
on such date.
(B) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this 
paragraph shall be construed to affect the requirement 
under subsection (a)(1) that a report shall be 
submitted to Congress before an Executive Order can 
take effect.
(3) Clarification.--An Executive Order described under 
paragraph (1) shall take effect as otherwise provided by law 
(including other subsections of this section).

SEC. 3. CONGRESSIONAL APPROVAL PROCEDURE FOR MAJOR EXECUTIVE ORDERS.

(a) In General.--
(1) Joint resolution described.--For purposes of this 
section, the term ``joint resolution'' means only a joint 
resolution addressing a report classifying an Executive Order 
as major pursuant to section 2(a)(1) that--
(A) bears no preamble;
(B) bears the following title (with the blank 
filled as appropriate): ``Approving the Executive Order 
submitted by the President relating to ____.'';
(C) includes after its resolving clause only the 
following (with the blank filled as appropriate): 
``That Congress approves the Executive Order submitted 
by the President relating to ___.''; and
(D) is introduced pursuant to paragraph (2).
(2) Period for introduction.--After a House of Congress 
receives a report classifying an Executive Order as major 
pursuant to section 2(a)(1), the majority leader of that House 
(or his or her respective designee) shall introduce (by 
request, if appropriate) a joint resolution described in 
paragraph (1)--
(A) in the case of the House of Representatives, 
within 3 legislative days; and
(B) in the case of the Senate, within 3 session 
days.
(3) Not amendable.--A joint resolution described in 
paragraph (1) shall not be subject to amendment at any stage of 
proceeding.
(b) Referral.--A joint resolution described in subsection (a) shall 
be referred in each House of Congress to the committees having 
jurisdiction over the provision of law under which the Executive Order 
is issued.
(c) Discharge From Committee in the Senate.--In the Senate, if the 
committee or committees to which a joint resolution described in 
subsection (a) has been referred have not reported it at the end of 15 
session days after its introduction, such committee or committees shall 
be automatically discharged from further consideration of the 
resolution and it shall be placed on the calendar. A vote on final 
passage of the resolution shall be taken on or before the close of the 
15th session day after the resolution is reported by the committee or 
committees to which it was referred, or after such committee or 
committees have been discharged from further consideration of the 
resolution.
(d) Consideration in the Senate.--
(1) In general.--In the Senate, when the committee or 
committees to which a joint resolution is referred have 
reported, or when a committee or committees are discharged 
(under subsection (c)) from further consideration of a joint 
resolution described in subsection (a), it is at any time 
thereafter in order (even though a previous motion to the same 
effect has been disagreed to) for a motion to proceed to the 
consideration of the joint resolution, and all points of order 
against the joint resolution (and against consideration of the 
joint resolution) are waived. The motion is not subject to 
amendment, or to a motion to postpone, or to a motion to 
proceed to the consideration of other business. A motion to 
reconsider the vote by which the motion is agreed to or 
disagreed to shall not be in order. If a motion to proceed to 
the consideration of the joint resolution is agreed to, the 
joint resolution shall remain the unfinished business of the 
Senate until disposed of.
(2) Motions.--In the Senate, debate on the joint 
resolution, and on all debatable motions and appeals in 
connection therewith, shall be limited to not more than 2 
hours, which shall be divided equally between those favoring 
and those opposing the joint resolution. A motion to further 
limit debate is in order and not debatable. An amendment to, or 
a motion to postpone, or a motion to proceed to the 
consideration of other business, or a motion to recommit the 
joint resolution is not in order.
(3) Vote on final passage.--In the Senate, immediately 
following the conclusion of the debate on a joint resolution 
described in subsection (a), and a single quorum call at the 
conclusion of the debate if requested in accordance with the 
rules of the Senate, the vote on final passage of the joint 
resolution shall occur.
(4) Appeals from the decisions of the chair.--Appeals from 
the decisions of the Chair relating to the application of the 
rules of the Senate to the procedure relating to a joint 
resolution described in subsection (a) shall be decided without 
debate.
(e) Consideration in the House of Representatives.--In the House of 
Representatives, if any committee to which a joint resolution described 
in subsection (a) has been referred has not reported it to the House at 
the end of 15 legislative days after its introduction, such committee 
shall be discharged from further consideration of the joint resolution, 
and it shall be placed on the appropriate calendar. On the second and 
fourth Thursdays of each month it shall be in order at any time for the 
Speaker to recognize a Member who favors passage of a joint resolution 
that has appeared on the calendar for at least 5 legislative days to 
call up that joint resolution for immediate consideration in the House 
without intervention of any point of order. When so called up a joint 
resolution shall be considered as read and shall be debatable for 1 
hour equally divided and controlled by the proponent and an opponent, 
and the previous question shall be considered as ordered to its passage 
without intervening motion. It shall not be in order to reconsider the 
vote on passage. If a vote on final passage of the joint resolution has 
not been taken by the third Thursday on which the Speaker may recognize 
a Member under this subsection, such vote shall be taken on that day.
(f) Receipt From Other House.--
(1) In general.--If, before passing a joint resolution 
described in subsection (a), one House receives from the other 
a joint resolution having the same text, then--
(A) the joint resolution of the other House shall 
not be referred to a committee; and
(B) the procedure in the receiving House shall be 
the same as if no joint resolution had been received 
from the other House until the vote on passage, when 
the joint resolution received from the other House 
shall supplant the joint resolution of the receiving 
House.
(2) Revenue measures.--This subsection shall not apply to 
the House of Representatives if the joint resolution received 
from the Senate is a revenue measure.
(g) Vote Required Prior to Expiration of Time Limitation.--If 
either House has not taken a vote on final passage of the joint 
resolution by the last day of the period described in section 2(b)(2), 
then such vote shall be taken on that day.
(h) Authority.--This section is enacted by Congress--
(1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the Senate 
and House of Representatives, respectively, and as such are 
deemed to be part of the rules of each House, respectively, but 
applicable only with respect to the procedure to be followed in 
that House in the case of a joint resolution described in 
subsection (a) and superseding other rules only where 
explicitly so; and
(2) with full recognition of the constitutional right of 
either House to change the rules (so far as they relate to the 
procedure of that House) at any time, in the same manner and to 
the same extent as in the case of any other rule of that House.

SEC. 4. CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW OF AGENCY RULEMAKING.

Chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, is amended to read as 
follows:

``CHAPTER 8--CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW OF AGENCY RULEMAKING

``Sec.
``801. Congressional review.
``802. Congressional approval procedure for major rules.
``803. Congressional disapproval procedure for nonmajor rules.
``804. Definitions.
``805. Judicial review.
``806. Exemption for monetary policy.
``807. Effective date of certain rules.
``Sec. 801. Congressional review
``(a)(1)(A) Before a rule may take effect, the Federal agency 
promulgating such rule shall publish in the Federal Register a list of 
information on which the rule is based, including data, scientific and 
economic studies, and cost-benefit analyses, and identify how the 
public can access such information online, and shall submit to each 
House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General a report 
containing--
``(i) a copy of the rule;
``(ii) a concise general statement relating to the rule;
``(iii) a classification of the rule as a major or nonmajor 
rule, including an explanation of the classification 
specifically addressing each criteria for a major rule 
contained within subparagraphs (A) through (C) of section 
804(2);
``(iv) a list of any other related regulatory actions 
intended to implement the same statutory provision or 
regulatory objective as well as the individual and aggregate 
economic effects of those actions; and
``(v) the proposed effective date of the rule.
``(B) On the date of the submission of the report under 
subparagraph (A), the Federal agency promulgating the rule shall submit 
to the Comptroller General and make available to each House of 
Congress--
``(i) a complete copy of the cost-benefit analysis of the 
rule, if any, including an analysis of any jobs added or lost, 
differentiating between public and private sector jobs;
``(ii) the agency's actions pursuant to sections 603, 604, 
605, 607, and 609 of this title;
``(iii) the agency's actions pursuant to sections 202, 203, 
204, and 205 of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995; and
``(iv) any other relevant information or requirements under 
any other Act and any relevant Executive orders.
``(C) Upon receipt of a report submitted under subparagraph (A), 
each House shall provide copies of the report to the chairman and 
ranking member of each standing committee with jurisdiction under the 
rules of the House of Representatives or the Senate to report a bill to 
amend the provision of law under which the rule is issued.
``(2)(A) The Comptroller General shall provide a report on each 
major rule to the committees of jurisdiction by the end of 15 calendar 
days after the submission or publication date. The report of the 
Comptroller General shall include an assessment of the agency's 
compliance with procedural steps required by paragraph (1)(B) and an 
assessment of whether the major rule imposes any new limits or mandates 
on private-sector activity.
``(B) Federal agencies shall cooperate with the Comptroller General 
by providing information relevant to the Comptroller General's report 
under subparagraph (A).
``(3) A major rule relating to a report submitted under paragraph 
(1) shall take effect upon enactment of a joint resolution of approval 
described in section 802 or as provided for in the rule following 
enactment of a joint resolution of approval described in section 802, 
whichever is later.
``(4) A nonmajor rule shall take effect as provided by section 803 
after submission to Congress under paragraph (1).
``(5) If a joint resolution of approval relating to a major rule is 
not enacted within the period provided in subsection (b)(2), then a 
joint resolution of approval relating to the same rule may not be 
considered under this chapter in the same Congress by either the House 
of Representatives or the Senate.
``(b)(1) A major rule shall not take effect unless the Congress 
enacts a joint resolution of approval described under section 802.
``(2) If a joint resolution described in subsection (a) is not 
enacted into law by the end of 70 session days or legislative days, as 
applicable, beginning on the date on which the report referred to in 
subsection (a)(1)(A) is received by Congress (excluding days either 
House of Congress is adjourned for more than 3 days during a session of 
Congress), then the rule described in that resolution shall be deemed 
not to be approved and such rule shall not take effect.
``(c)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section 
(except subject to paragraph (3)), a major rule may take effect for one 
90-calendar-day period if the President makes a determination under 
paragraph (2) and submits written notice of such determination to the 
Congress.
``(2) Paragraph (1) applies to a determination made by the 
President by Executive order that the major rule should take effect 
because such rule is--
``(A) necessary because of an imminent threat to health or 
safety or other emergency;
``(B) necessary for the enforcement of criminal laws;
``(C) necessary for national security; or
``(D) issued pursuant to any statute implementing an 
international trade agreement.
``(3) An exercise by the President of the authority under this 
subsection shall have no effect on the procedures under section 802.
``(d)(1) In addition to the opportunity for review otherwise 
provided under this chapter, in the case of any rule for which a report 
was submitted in accordance with subsection (a)(1)(A) during the period 
beginning on the date occurring--
``(A) in the case of the Senate, 60 session days; or
``(B) in the case of the House of Representatives, 60 
legislative days,
before the date the Congress is scheduled to adjourn a session of 
Congress through the date on which the same or succeeding Congress 
first convenes its next session, sections 802 and 803 shall apply to 
such rule in the succeeding session of Congress.
``(2)(A) In applying sections 802 and 803 for purposes of such 
additional review, a rule described under paragraph (1) shall be 
treated as though--
``(i) such rule were published in the Federal Register on--
``(I) in the case of the Senate, the 15th session 
day; or
``(II) in the case of the House of Representatives, 
the 15th legislative day,
after the succeeding session of Congress first convenes; and
``(ii) a report on such rule were submitted to Congress 
under subsection (a)(1) on such date.
``(B) Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to affect the 
requirement under subsection (a)(1) that a report shall be submitted to 
Congress before a rule can take effect.
``(3) A rule described under paragraph (1) shall take effect as 
otherwise provided by law (including other subsections of this 
section).
``Sec. 802. Congressional approval procedure for major rules
``(a)(1) For purposes of this section, the term `joint resolution' 
means only a joint resolution addressing a report classifying a rule as 
major pursuant to section 801(a)(1)(A)(iii) that--
``(A) bears no preamble;
``(B) bears the following title (with blanks filled as 
appropriate): `Approving the rule submitted by ___ relating to 
___.';
``(C) includes after its resolving clause only the 
following (with blanks filled as appropriate): `That Congress 
approves the rule submitted by ___ relating to ___.'; and
``(D) is introduced pursuant to paragraph (2).
``(2) After a House of Congress receives a report classifying a 
rule as major pursuant to section 801(a)(1)(A)(iii), the majority 
leader of that House (or his or her respective designee) shall 
introduce (by request, if appropriate) a joint resolution described in 
paragraph (1)--
``(A) in the case of the House of Representatives, within 3 
legislative days; and
``(B) in the case of the Senate, within 3 session days.
``(3) A joint resolution described in paragraph (1) shall not be 
subject to amendment at any stage of proceeding.
``(b) A joint resolution described in subsection (a) shall be 
referred in each House of Congress to the committees having 
jurisdiction over the provision of law under which the rule is issued.
``(c) In the Senate, if the committee or committees to which a 
joint resolution described in subsection (a) has been referred have not 
reported it at the end of 15 session days after its introduction, such 
committee or committees shall be automatically discharged from further 
consideration of the resolution and it shall be placed on the calendar. 
A vote on final passage of the resolution shall be taken on or before 
the close of the 15th session day after the resolution is reported by 
the committee or committees to which it was referred, or after such 
committee or committees have been discharged from further consideration 
of the resolution.
``(d)(1) In the Senate, when the committee or committees to which a 
joint resolution is referred have reported, or when a committee or 
committees are discharged (under subsection (c)) from further 
consideration of a joint resolution described in subsection (a), it is 
at any time thereafter in order (even though a previous motion to the 
same effect has been disagreed to) for a motion to proceed to the 
consideration of the joint resolution, and all points of order against 
the joint resolution (and against consideration of the joint 
resolution) are waived. The motion is not subject to amendment, or to a 
motion to postpone, or to a motion to proceed to the consideration of 
other business. A motion to reconsider the vote by which the motion is 
agreed to or disagreed to shall not be in order. If a motion to proceed 
to the consideration of the joint resolution is agreed to, the joint 
resolution shall remain the unfinished business of the Senate until 
disposed of.
``(2) In the Senate, debate on the joint resolution, and on all 
debatable motions and appeals in connection therewith, shall be limited 
to not more than 2 hours, which shall be divided equally between those 
favoring and those opposing the joint resolution. A motion to further 
limit debate is in order and not debatable. An amendment to, or a 
motion to postpone, or a motion to proceed to the consideration of 
other business, or a motion to recommit the joint resolution is not in 
order.
``(3) In the Senate, immediately following the conclusion of the 
debate on a joint resolution described in subsection (a), and a single 
quorum call at the conclusion of the debate if requested in accordance 
with the rules of the Senate, the vote on final passage of the joint 
resolution shall occur.
``(4) Appeals from the decisions of the Chair relating to the 
application of the rules of the Senate to the procedure relating to a 
joint resolution described in subsection (a) shall be decided without 
debate.
``(e) In the House of Representatives, if any committee to which a 
joint resolution described in subsection (a) has been referred has not 
reported it to the House at the end of 15 legislative days after its 
introduction, such committee shall be discharged from further 
consideration of the joint resolution, and it shall be placed on the 
appropriate calendar. On the second and fourth Thursdays of each month 
it shall be in order at any time for the Speaker to recognize a Member 
who favors passage of a joint resolution that has appeared on the 
calendar for at least 5 legislative days to call up that joint 
resolution for immediate consideration in the House without 
intervention of any point of order. When so called up a joint 
resolution shall be considered as read and shall be debatable for 1 
hour equally divided and controlled by the proponent and an opponent, 
and the previous question shall be considered as ordered to its passage 
without intervening motion. It shall not be in order to reconsider the 
vote on passage. If a vote on final passage of the joint resolution has 
not been taken by the third Thursday on which the Speaker may recognize 
a Member under this subsection, such vote shall be taken on that day.
``(f)(1) If, before passing a joint resolution described in 
subsection (a), one House receives from the other a joint resolution 
having the same text, then--
``(A) the joint resolution of the other House shall not be 
referred to a committee; and
``(B) the procedure in the receiving House shall be the 
same as if no joint resolution had been received from the other 
House until the vote on passage, when the joint resolution 
received from the other House shall supplant the joint 
resolution of the receiving House.
``(2) This subsection shall not apply to the House of 
Representatives if the joint resolution received from the Senate is a 
revenue measure.
``(g) If either House has not taken a vote on final passage of the 
joint resolution by the last day of the period described in section 
801(b)(2), then such vote shall be taken on that day.
``(h) This section and section 803 are enacted by Congress--
``(1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the Senate 
and House of Representatives, respectively, and as such are 
deemed to be part of the rules of each House, respectively, but 
applicable only with respect to the procedure to be followed in 
that House in the case of a joint resolution described in 
subsection (a) and superseding other rules only where 
explicitly so; and
``(2) with full recognition of the constitutional right of 
either House to change the rules (so far as they relate to the 
procedure of that House) at any time, in the same manner and to 
the same extent as in the case of any other rule of that House.
``Sec. 803. Congressional disapproval procedure for nonmajor rules
``(a) For purposes of this section, the term `joint resolution' 
means only a joint resolution introduced in the period beginning on the 
date on which the report referred to in section 801(a)(1)(A) is 
received by Congress and ending 60 days thereafter (excluding days 
either House of Congress is adjourned for more than 3 days during a 
session of Congress), the matter after the resolving clause of which is 
as follows: `That Congress disapproves the nonmajor rule submitted by 
the ___ relating to ___, and such rule shall have no force or effect.' 
(The blank spaces being appropriately filled in).
``(b) A joint resolution described in subsection (a) shall be 
referred to the committees in each House of Congress with jurisdiction.
``(c) In the Senate, if the committee to which is referred a joint 
resolution described in subsection (a) has not reported such joint 
resolution (or an identical joint resolution) at the end of 15 session 
days after the date of introduction of the joint resolution, such 
committee may be discharged from further consideration of such joint 
resolution upon a petition supported in writing by 30 Members of the 
Senate, and such joint resolution shall be placed on the calendar.
``(d)(1) In the Senate, when the committee to which a joint 
resolution is referred has reported, or when a committee is discharged 
(under subsection (c)) from further consideration of a joint resolution 
described in subsection (a), it is at any time thereafter in order 
(even though a previous motion to the same effect has been disagreed 
to) for a motion to proceed to the consideration of the joint 
resolution, and all points of order against the joint resolution (and 
against consideration of the joint resolution) are waived. The motion 
is not subject to amendment, or to a motion to postpone, or to a motion 
to proceed to the consideration of other business. A motion to 
reconsider the vote by which the motion is agreed to or disagreed to 
shall not be in order. If a motion to proceed to the consideration of 
the joint resolution is agreed to, the joint resolution shall remain 
the unfinished business of the Senate until disposed of.
``(2) In the Senate, debate on the joint resolution, and on all 
debatable motions and appeals in connection therewith, shall be limited 
to not more than 10 hours, which shall be divided equally between those 
favoring and those opposing the joint resolution. A motion to further 
limit debate is in order and not debatable. An amendment to, or a 
motion to postpone, or a motion to proceed to the consideration of 
other business, or a motion to recommit the joint resolution is not in 
order.
``(3) In the Senate, immediately following the conclusion of the 
debate on a joint resolution described in subsection (a), and a single 
quorum call at the conclusion of the debate if requested in accordance 
with the rules of the Senate, the vote on final passage of the joint 
resolution shall occur.
``(4) Appeals from the decisions of the Chair relating to the 
application of the rules of the Senate to the procedure relating to a 
joint resolution described in subsection (a) shall be decided without 
debate.
``(e) In the Senate, the procedure specified in subsection (c) or 
(d) shall not apply to the consideration of a joint resolution 
respecting a nonmajor rule--
``(1) after the expiration of the 60 session days beginning 
with the applicable submission or publication date; or
``(2) if the report under section 801(a)(1)(A) was 
submitted during the period referred to in section 801(d)(1), 
after the expiration of the 60 session days beginning on the 
15th session day after the succeeding session of Congress first 
convenes.
``(f) If, before the passage by one House of a joint resolution of 
that House described in subsection (a), that House receives from the 
other House a joint resolution described in subsection (a), then the 
following procedures shall apply:
``(1) The joint resolution of the other House shall not be 
referred to a committee.
``(2) With respect to a joint resolution described in 
subsection (a) of the House receiving the joint resolution--
``(A) the procedure in that House shall be the same 
as if no joint resolution had been received from the 
other House; but
``(B) the vote on final passage shall be on the 
joint resolution of the other House.
``Sec. 804. Definitions
``For purposes of this chapter:
``(1) The term `Federal agency' means any agency as that 
term is defined in section 551(1).
``(2) The term `major rule' means any rule, including an 
interim final rule, that the Administrator of the Office of 
Information and Regulatory Affairs of the Office of Management 
and Budget finds has resulted in or is likely to result in--
``(A) an annual effect on the economy of $100 
million or more;
``(B) a major increase in costs or prices for 
consumers, individual industries, Federal, State, or 
local government agencies, or geographic regions; or
``(C) significant adverse effects on competition, 
employment, investment, productivity, innovation, or 
the ability of United States-based enterprises to 
compete with foreign-based enterprises in domestic and 
export markets.
``(3) The term `nonmajor rule' means any rule that is not a 
major rule.
``(4) The term `rule' has the meaning given such term in 
section 551, except that such term does not include--
``(A) any rule of particular applicability, 
including a rule that approves or prescribes for the 
future rates, wages, prices, services, or allowances 
therefore, corporate or financial structures, 
reorganizations, mergers, or acquisitions thereof, or 
accounting practices or disclosures bearing on any of 
the foregoing;
``(B) any rule relating to agency management or 
personnel; or
``(C) any rule of agency organization, procedure, 
or practice that does not substantially affect the 
rights or obligations of non-agency parties.
``(5) The term `submission or publication date', except as 
otherwise provided in this chapter, means--
``(A) in the case of a major rule, the date on 
which the Congress receives the report submitted under 
section 801(a)(1); and
``(B) in the case of a nonmajor rule, the later 
of--
``(i) the date on which the Congress 
receives the report submitted under section 
801(a)(1); and
``(ii) the date on which the nonmajor rule 
is published in the Federal Register, if so 
published.
``Sec. 805. Judicial review
``(a) No determination, finding, action, or omission under this 
chapter shall be subject to judicial review.
``(b) Notwithstanding subsection (a), a court may determine whether 
a Federal agency has completed the necessary requirements under this 
chapter for a rule to take effect.
``(c) The enactment of a joint resolution of approval under section 
802 shall not be interpreted to serve as a grant or modification of 
statutory authority by Congress for the promulgation of a rule, shall 
not extinguish or affect any claim, whether substantive or procedural, 
against any alleged defect in a rule, and shall not form part of the 
record before the court in any judicial proceeding concerning a rule 
except for purposes of determining whether or not the rule is in 
effect.
``Sec. 806. Exemption for monetary policy
``Nothing in this chapter shall apply to rules that concern 
monetary policy proposed or implemented by the Board of Governors of 
the Federal Reserve System or the Federal Open Market Committee.
``Sec. 807. Effective date of certain rules
``Notwithstanding section 801--
``(1) any rule that establishes, modifies, opens, closes, 
or conducts a regulatory program for a commercial, 
recreational, or subsistence activity related to hunting, 
fishing, or camping; or
``(2) any rule other than a major rule which an agency for 
good cause finds (and incorporates the finding and a brief 
statement of reasons therefore in the rule issued) that notice 
and public procedure thereon are impracticable, unnecessary, or 
contrary to the public interest,
shall take effect at such time as the Federal agency promulgating the 
rule determines.''.

SEC. 5. BUDGETARY EFFECTS OF RULES SUBJECT TO SECTION 802 OF TITLE 5, 
UNITED STATES CODE.

Section 257(b)(2) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit 
Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 907(b)(2)) is amended by adding at the 
end the following new subparagraph:
``(E) Budgetary effects of rules subject to section 
802 of title 5, united states code.--Any rule subject 
to the congressional approval procedure set forth in 
section 802 of chapter 8 of title 5, United States 
Code, affecting budget authority, outlays, or receipts 
shall be assumed to be effective unless it is not 
approved in accordance with such section.''.

SEC. 6. GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE STUDY OF RULES.

(a) In General.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall 
conduct a study to determine, as of the date of the enactment of this 
Act--
(1) how many rules (as such term is defined in section 804 
of title 5, United States Code) were in effect;
(2) how many major rules (as such term is defined in 
section 804 of title 5, United States Code) were in effect; and
(3) the total estimated economic cost imposed by all such 
rules.
(b) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit 
a report to Congress that contains the findings of the study conducted 
under subsection (a).
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