H.R. 8870

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 8870 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
2d Session
H. R. 8870

To authorize funding for Federal-aid highways, bridge construction and 
rehabilitation, highway safety programs, transit programs, and rail 
programs, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

May 19, 2026

Mr. Graves (for himself, Mr. Larsen of Washington, Mr. Rouzer, Mr. 
Webster of Florida, and Ms. Norton) introduced the following bill; 
which was referred to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure

_______________________________________________________________________

A BILL

To authorize funding for Federal-aid highways, bridge construction and 
rehabilitation, highway safety programs, transit programs, and rail 
programs, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

(a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Building Unrivaled 
Infrastructure and Long-term Development for America's 250th Act'' or 
the ``BUILD America 250 Act''.
(b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.
Sec. 3. Effective date.
Sec. 4. Automatic execution of conforming changes.
TITLE I--FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAYS

Subtitle A--Authorizations and Programs

Sec. 1101. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 1102. Obligation limitation.
Sec. 1103. Definitions.
Sec. 1104. Apportionment.
Sec. 1105. Nationally significant multimodal freight and highway 
projects.
Sec. 1106. National highway performance program.
Sec. 1107. Federal share.
Sec. 1108. Bridge programs.
Sec. 1109. Emergency relief.
Sec. 1110. Toll roads, bridges, tunnels, and ferries.
Sec. 1111. Railway-highway grade crossings.
Sec. 1112. Surface transportation block grant program.
Sec. 1113. Transportation planning.
Sec. 1114. Highway use tax evasion projects.
Sec. 1115. National bridge and tunnel inventory and inspection 
standards.
Sec. 1116. Construction of ferry boats and ferry terminal facilities.
Sec. 1117. Highway safety improvement program.
Sec. 1118. CMAQ program.
Sec. 1119. Safe streets and roads for all grant program.
Sec. 1120. Territorial and Puerto Rico highway program.
Sec. 1121. HOV facilities.
Sec. 1122. National highway freight and high priority corridor program.
Sec. 1123. Wildlife crossings pilot program.
Sec. 1124. Surface transportation accelerator grant program.
Sec. 1125. Repeal of program.
Sec. 1126. PROTECT program.
Sec. 1127. Codification and improvement of Jason's Law.
Sec. 1128. Consolidated funding pilot program.
Sec. 1129. Registration fee on motor vehicles.
Sec. 1130. Transfer of real property no longer needed.
Sec. 1131. Federal lands and tribal transportation programs.
Sec. 1132. Tribal transportation program.
Sec. 1133. Federal lands transportation program.
Sec. 1134. Federal lands access program.
Sec. 1135. Nationally significant Federal lands and tribal projects 
program.
Sec. 1136. Tribal High Priority Projects program.
Sec. 1137. Consolidation of programs.
Sec. 1138. Update to nonmotorized trails definition.
Subtitle B--Improved Project Delivery and Environmental Streamlining

Sec. 1201. Project approval and oversight.
Sec. 1202. Exemption from review.
Sec. 1203. Efficient environmental reviews for project decisionmaking 
and One Federal Decision.
Sec. 1204. Reporting program.
Sec. 1205. Termination of environmental review implementation funds 
program.
Sec. 1206. Streamlining of environmental document preparation.
Sec. 1207. State and eligible entity assumption of responsibility for 
categorical exclusions.
Sec. 1208. Surface transportation project delivery program.
Sec. 1209. Program for eliminating duplication of environmental 
reviews.
Sec. 1210. Training and education; best practices.
Sec. 1211. Accelerated decisionmaking in environmental reviews.
Sec. 1212. Aligning Federal environmental reviews.
Sec. 1213. FTA allowance of land acquisition.
Sec. 1214. Categorical exclusion for projects of limited Federal 
assistance.
Sec. 1215. Programmatic agreements.
Sec. 1216. Streamlining Tribal categorical exclusions.
Sec. 1217. Streamlining small safety projects.
Sec. 1218. Updates to categorical exclusions for public transportation 
projects.
Subtitle C--Miscellaneous

Sec. 1301. Transportation rulemaking committees.
Sec. 1302. Vehicle weight limits.
Sec. 1303. Designation of high priority corridors on National Highway 
System.
Sec. 1304. Safety coordinators; determination of reasonable cost.
Sec. 1305. Updates to manual on uniform traffic control devices.
Sec. 1306. Design standards.
Sec. 1307. Modernizing roadside safety hardware devices and 
administration policies.
Sec. 1308. Audit of FHWA oversight of roadside safety hardware devices.
Sec. 1309. Interagency bridge strike working group.
Sec. 1310. Bridge clearance best practices.
Sec. 1311. U.S. Congressman and Prisoner of War Sam Johnson Memorial 
Highway.
Sec. 1312. Technical assistance for contracting.
Sec. 1313. Preventing anticompetitive bidding practices.
Sec. 1314. Study on effectiveness of discretionary grant programs.
Sec. 1315. Study on effectiveness of formula grant programs.
Sec. 1316. National Academies review of highway systems.
Sec. 1317. Review of State and local consultation processes.
Sec. 1318. Emergency relief working group.
Sec. 1319. Stopping threats on pedestrians.
Sec. 1320. Eliminating unnecessary reporting and requirements.
Sec. 1321. Contracting for engineering and design services.
Sec. 1322. Advancing projects in cold weather States.
Sec. 1323. Interagency working group on roadway management in inclement 
weather.
Sec. 1324. Termination of neighborhood access and equity grant program.
Sec. 1325. Task force on developing a 21st century surface 
transportation workforce.
Sec. 1326. Study on national commuting trends.
Sec. 1327. Notification on regressive safety targets.
Sec. 1328. Study on domestic availability of yellow paint.
Sec. 1329. Study on corrosion prevention for bridges.
Sec. 1330. Funding Federal-aid Highways guidance.
TITLE II--TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE AND INNOVATION

Sec. 2001. Infrastructure finance.
Sec. 2002. Emergency loan relief due to major disaster.
Sec. 2003. Personnel management authority.
Sec. 2004. Study on establishment of Federal Infrastructure Bank.
TITLE III--PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION

Subtitle A--Reforms

Sec. 3001. Purpose and declaration of policy.
Sec. 3002. Definitions.
Sec. 3003. Transportation planning.
Sec. 3004. Planning programs.
Sec. 3005. Urbanized area formula grants.
Sec. 3006. Consolidated State block grant program.
Sec. 3007. Fixed guideway capital investment grants.
Sec. 3008. Formula grants for enhanced mobility of seniors and 
individuals with disabilities.
Sec. 3009. Formula grants for rural areas.
Sec. 3010. Technical assistance and workforce development.
Sec. 3011. Bus testing facility.
Sec. 3012. Crime prevention and security.
Sec. 3013. General provisions.
Sec. 3014. Public transportation emergency relief program.
Sec. 3015. Contract requirements.
Sec. 3016. Transit asset management.
Sec. 3017. Project management oversight.
Sec. 3018. Public transportation safety program.
Sec. 3019. Administrative provisions.
Sec. 3020. National transit database.
Sec. 3021. Apportionment of appropriations for urbanized area formula 
grants.
Sec. 3022. State of good repair grants.
Sec. 3023. Authorizations.
Sec. 3024. Grants for buses, bus facilities, and ferries.
Sec. 3025. Apportionments based on growing States and high density 
States formula factors.
Subtitle B--Miscellaneous

Sec. 3101. Definitions.
Sec. 3102. Protecting bus operators from risk of assault.
Sec. 3103. Spare ratio modification.
Sec. 3104. Special rule for certain transportation services.
Sec. 3105. Innovative procurement.
Sec. 3106. Transit award management system improvement.
Sec. 3107. Public transit first aid and emergency medical kit equipment 
and training.
Sec. 3108. Improving transparency in certain urbanized areas.
Sec. 3109. Extension of capital and preventive maintenance grants to 
Washington Metropolitan Area Transit 
Authority.
Sec. 3110. GAO assessment of project contingency amounts.
Sec. 3111. GAO report on universal design to improve accessibility.
Sec. 3112. GAO study and report on National Transit Database data 
quality.
Sec. 3113. GAO study on transit system rider safety.
Sec. 3114. GAO study on CIG data collection and reporting requirements.
Sec. 3115. GAO assessment of paratransit software and technologies.
Subtitle C--Reorganization and Consolidation of Chapter 53

Sec. 3201. Transfer of certain sections in chapter 53 of title 49, 
United States Code.
Sec. 3202. Front matter of chapter 53 of title 49, United States Code.
Sec. 3203. Amendments to chapter 53 of title 49, United States Code, as 
amended by section 3202 of this Act.
Sec. 3204. Conforming amendments.
TITLE IV--HIGHWAY SAFETY

Sec. 4001. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 4002. Consolidation and enhancement of highway safety programs.
Sec. 4003. Highway safety research and development.
Sec. 4004. High-visibility enforcement program.
Sec. 4005. Protection of safety data.
Sec. 4006. Annual reporting requirements.
Sec. 4007. Coordination of Federal highway and traffic safety programs.
Sec. 4008. Highway safety program effectiveness transportation 
rulemaking committee.
Sec. 4009. Establishment of roadway worker protection interagency 
working group.
Sec. 4010. Motorcycle Advisory Council.
Sec. 4011. Motorcycle checkpoint funding.
Sec. 4012. Pulsating light systems.
Sec. 4013. Minimally obstructed forward-facing view in motorcoaches.
Sec. 4014. Revision of student safety guidelines.
Sec. 4015. Micromobility safety.
Sec. 4016. GAO study on highway safety data quality.
TITLE V--MOTOR CARRIERS

Subtitle A--General Provisions

Sec. 5001. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 5002. Improvements to enforcement training and support grant 
program.
Sec. 5003. Maintenance of effort.
Sec. 5004. Amendments to commercial motor vehicle operators grant 
program.
Sec. 5005. Terms and conditions for exemptions.
Sec. 5006. Broker qualifications.
Sec. 5007. Motor carrier complaints.
Sec. 5008. Cabotage study.
Subtitle B--Commercial Motor Vehicle Operators

Sec. 5101. Predatory commercial motor vehicle lease-purchase agreement 
programs oversight.
Sec. 5102. Restroom access.
Sec. 5103. Application of commercial motor vehicle safety.
Sec. 5104. Extension of apprenticeship pilot program.
Sec. 5105. Codification of exemption.
Sec. 5106. Modernization of farm-related service industries restricted 
commercial driver's licenses.
Sec. 5107. Implements of husbandry compilation.
Sec. 5108. Pre-trip vehicle inspection testing waiver.
Sec. 5109. Modifications to certain commercial driver's license 
regulations.
Subtitle C--Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety

Sec. 5201. Motor carrier safety advisory committee.
Sec. 5202. Electronic logging device certification.
Sec. 5203. Safety performance history screening and DataQs improvement.
Sec. 5204. Noncompliant training entities.
Sec. 5205. Drug and alcohol clearinghouse fees.
Sec. 5206. Federal hair testing guidelines.
Sec. 5207. Drug and alcohol testing compliance.
Sec. 5208. Fatal truck crash drug and substance abuse testing 
accountability.
Sec. 5209. Review of New Entrant Safety Assurance Program.
Sec. 5210. New entrant registration standards transportation rulemaking 
committee.
Sec. 5211. Beyond compliance.
Subtitle D--Household Goods Shipping Consumer Protection Reform

Sec. 5301. Administrative assessment of civil penalties for violations 
of commercial regulations.
Sec. 5302. State use of grant funds for commercial enforcement and 
consumer protection.
Sec. 5303. State retention of penalties and fines.
Sec. 5304. Registration requirements.
Sec. 5305. Household goods consumer protection working group.
Subtitle E--Safe Integration of Autonomous Commercial Motor Vehicles

Sec. 5401. Definitions.
Sec. 5402. ADS-equipped commercial motor vehicle interstate operation.
Sec. 5403. Review and preemption of State laws and regulations.
Sec. 5404. Ensuring regulatory flexibility for safety technologies.
Sec. 5405. Regulatory interpretations.
Sec. 5406. National consumer complaint database.
Sec. 5407. Commercial motor vehicle workforce development.
TITLE VI--INNOVATION

Sec. 6001. Strengthening mobility and revolutionizing transportation 
grant program.
Sec. 6002. Technology deployment.
Sec. 6003. Strategic innovation for revenue collection.
Sec. 6004. National motor vehicle per-mile user fee pilot.
Sec. 6005. ITS Advisory Committee.
Sec. 6006. Encouraged use of digital platforms.
Sec. 6007. Nontraditional and Emerging Transportation Technology 
Council.
Sec. 6008. University transportation centers program.
Sec. 6009. Prohibition related to certain foreign-made LiDAR 
technology.
Sec. 6010. Data privacy.
Sec. 6011. Study on adoption and deployment of new and emerging 
technologies.
Sec. 6012. Autonomous vehicle accessibility study.
Sec. 6013. GAO study of intelligent transportation systems physical and 
cyber vulnerabilities.
Sec. 6014. GAO study and report on automated driving systems safety 
assurance.
Sec. 6015. Technical assistance.
TITLE VII--FREIGHT AND MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION PROGRAMS

Subtitle A--Freight Policy

Sec. 7001. National multimodal freight policy.
Sec. 7002. National freight strategic plan.
Sec. 7003. National multimodal freight network.
Sec. 7004. State freight advisory committees.
Sec. 7005. State freight plans.
Sec. 7006. Freight Logistics Optimization Works Program.
Subtitle B--Multimodal Policy and Programs

Sec. 7101. Streamlining positions within Office of the Secretary.
Sec. 7102. Council on Credit and Finance transparency.
Sec. 7103. Amendments to working capital fund.
Sec. 7104. Transportation assistance for international games.
Sec. 7105. National infrastructure project assistance.
Sec. 7106. Local and regional project assistance.
Sec. 7107. National culvert removal, replacement, and restoration grant 
program.
Sec. 7108. Rural and Tribal infrastructure advancement pilot extension.
Sec. 7109. Advisory committee on cargo theft and freight fraud.
TITLE VIII--MISCELLANEOUS

Sec. 8001. Title 23 technical corrections.
Sec. 8002. Title 49 technical corrections.
TITLE IX--SPORT FISHING AND RECREATIONAL BOATING SAFETY

Sec. 9001. Division of annual appropriations.
Sec. 9002. Funding for interstate fisheries commission activities.
Sec. 9003. Boating infrastructure priorities.
TITLE X--RAILROADS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations and Grant Reforms

Sec. 10101. Grants to Amtrak.
Sec. 10102. Federal Railroad Administration.
Sec. 10103. Competitive grants.
Sec. 10104. Consolidated rail infrastructure and safety improvements.
Sec. 10105. Railroad crossing safety improvements and elimination 
program.
Sec. 10106. National intercity passenger railroad partnership program.
Sec. 10107. Corridor identification and development program.
Sec. 10108. Emergency relief.
Sec. 10109. Amtrak Office of Inspector General.
Subtitle B--Amtrak Reforms

Sec. 10201. Amtrak economic performance.
Sec. 10202. Amtrak transparency and accountability for passengers and 
taxpayers.
Sec. 10203. Implementing Amtrak Office of Inspector General 
recommendations to address infrastructure 
backlog.
Sec. 10204. Amtrak executive bonus disclosure.
Sec. 10205. Amtrak and intercity passenger rail workforce assault 
prevention and response plans.
Sec. 10206. Baby changing table requirements on Amtrak trains.
Sec. 10207. Report on Amtrak long-distance equipment maintenance costs.
Sec. 10208. Inspector general review of Amtrak accounting and reporting 
practices.
Sec. 10209. Amtrak annual reporting.
Sec. 10210. Invoices and reports.
Sec. 10211. State-supported cost and service policy.
Sec. 10212. GAO study on Amtrak customer experience.
Sec. 10213. GAO study on Amtrak service to privately owned rail cars.
Sec. 10214. The Donald M. Payne, Jr. Transit Center at Newark Penn 
Station.
Sec. 10215. Public notice and comment on Amtrak's corporate structure.
Sec. 10216. GAO examination of international passenger rail.
Sec. 10217. Food and beverage service.
Subtitle C--Passenger Rail Policy

Sec. 10301. Intercity passenger rail equipment pools.
Sec. 10302. California High-Speed Rail working group.
Sec. 10303. Route-specific reports.
Sec. 10304. Study on commuter rail passenger transportation and 
transfers.
Sec. 10305. Adjustment of liability cap.
Subtitle D--Rail Safety and Innovation

Sec. 10401. Rail bridge safety.
Sec. 10402. Public availability of federally funded data.
Sec. 10403. Safety culture grant program.
Sec. 10404. Improved supporting information transparency and using 
performance-based regulations during 
rulemaking.
Sec. 10405. Installation of image recording devices.
Sec. 10406. Membership of National Domestic Preparedness Consortium.
Sec. 10407. Preventing tampering with wayside defect detectors.
Sec. 10408. Rail technology and asset pilot program.
Sec. 10409. Vent and burn report updates.
Sec. 10410. Rail freight cargo security assessment.
Sec. 10411. 50-year rule revision.
Sec. 10412. Self-contained propelled freight vehicle.
Sec. 10413. Railroad Safety Advisory Committee evaluation of National 
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and 
Medicine findings.
Sec. 10414. Blocked crossings.
Sec. 10415. Civil penalties.
Sec. 10416. Pressure relief devices.
Sec. 10417. Federal Railroad Administration safety workforce.
Sec. 10418. FRA safety inspector and specialist review.
Sec. 10419. Federal Railroad Administration safety culture.
Sec. 10420. Confidential close call reporting.
Sec. 10421. Wayside employee protection.
Sec. 10422. Safety enforcement transparency.
Sec. 10423. Reports on highway-rail grade crossing safety and 
trespasser prevention.
Sec. 10424. Locomotive engineer training.
Sec. 10425. Assessment of track safety.
Sec. 10426. Review of train dispatching technologies.
Sec. 10427. Incident investigation review.
Sec. 10428. Review of risk reduction program plans.
Sec. 10429. Railroad Safety Advisory Committee.
Sec. 10430. Safety reporting extension.
Subtitle E--Project Delivery

Sec. 10501. Pre-award authority.
Sec. 10502. Categorical exclusions for projects in existing operational 
rights-of-way.
Sec. 10503. Additional categorical exclusions.
Sec. 10504. State-railroad infrastructure project coordination and 
process standardization working group.
Sec. 10505. Rail project advance acquisition.
Sec. 10506. Direct loans and loan guarantees.
Sec. 10507. Veteran to supply chain employee action plan.
Sec. 10508. Lead agency for environmental review purposes.
Sec. 10509. Environmental review determination.
Sec. 10510. Expedited consultation process.
Sec. 10511. Technical assistance.
Sec. 10512. Amendment to allow RRIF direct loans to be structured as 
interest-only loan.
Sec. 10513. Use of certain grant funds to pay RRIF credit risk 
premiums.
Sec. 10514. Amendment to establish alternative credit assessment 
pathway for RRIF loan applicants.
Sec. 10515. Railroad rehabilitation and improvement financing program 
authorization of appropriations.
Subtitle F--Hazardous Materials Transportation

Sec. 10601. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 10602. Hazardous materials registration fees.
Sec. 10603. Hazardous materials safety training grants.
Sec. 10604. Incorporation of special permits into hazardous materials 
regulations.
Sec. 10605. Harmonization of safety regulations.
Sec. 10606. Regulation of foreign manufacturers of cylinders used in 
transporting hazardous materials.
Sec. 10607. Safety placards.
Sec. 10608. Study on limited commercial driver's license hazardous 
materials endorsements.
Sec. 10609. Real-time train consist information rulemaking evaluation.
Sec. 10610. Study on exception for intrastate transportation of diesel 
fuel in support of logging or timber 
operations.
Sec. 10611. Safer tank cars.
Sec. 10612. Requirements for safe transport of lithium-ion batteries.
Sec. 10613. Innovative thermal run-away suppression strategies.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

In this Act:
(1) Comptroller general.--The term ``Comptroller General'' 
means the Comptroller General of the United States.
(2) Department.--Unless otherwise specified, the term 
``Department'' means the Department of Transportation.
(3) Secretary.--Unless otherwise specified, the term 
``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Transportation.

SEC. 3. EFFECTIVE DATE.

Except as otherwise provided, this Act, including the amendments 
made by this Act, shall take effect on October 1, 2026.

SEC. 4. AUTOMATIC EXECUTION OF CONFORMING CHANGES.

(a) Covered Highways Laws.--Section 101 of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
``(f) Automatic Execution of Conforming Changes.--
``(1) In general.--When an amendment to a covered highways 
law adds a section or larger organizational unit to the covered 
highways law, repeals or transfers a section or larger 
organizational unit in the covered highways law, or amends the 
designation or heading of a section or larger organizational 
unit in the covered highways law, that amendment also shall 
have the effect of amending any analysis, table of contents, or 
similar tabular entries in the covered highways law to alter 
the table to conform to the changes made by the amendment.
``(2) Exceptions.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply to an 
amendment described in such paragraph when--
``(A) the amendment or a clerical amendment enacted 
at the same time expressly amends a table of sections, 
table of contents, or similar tabular entries in the 
covered highways law to alter the table to conform to 
the changes made by the amendment; or
``(B) the amendment otherwise expressly exempts 
itself from the operation of this subsection.
``(3) Covered highways law defined.--In this subsection, 
the term `covered highways law' means--
``(A) this title;
``(B) any Act that authorizes amounts to be 
appropriated out of the Highway Trust Fund; or
``(C) any other law designated in the text thereof 
as a covered highways law for purposes of application 
of this subsection.''.
(b) Purpose and Automatic Execution of Conforming Changes.--Section 
101 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in the section heading by inserting ``; automatic 
execution of conforming changes'' after ``Purpose''; and
(2) by adding at the end the following:
``(c) Automatic Execution of Conforming Changes.--
``(1) In general.--When an amendment to a covered 
transportation law adds a section or larger organizational unit 
to the covered transportation law, repeals or transfers a 
section or larger organizational unit in the covered 
transportation law, or amends the designation or heading of a 
section or larger organizational unit in the covered 
transportation law, that amendment also shall have the effect 
of amending any analysis, table of contents, or similar tabular 
entries in the covered transportation law to alter the table to 
conform to the changes made by the amendment.
``(2) Exceptions.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply to an 
amendment described in such paragraph when--
``(A) the amendment or a clerical amendment enacted 
at the same time expressly amends a table of sections, 
table of contents, or similar tabular entries in the 
covered transportation law to alter the table to 
conform to the changes made by the amendment; or
``(B) the amendment otherwise expressly exempts 
itself from the operation of this subsection.
``(3) Covered transportation law.--In this subsection, the 
term `covered transportation law' means--
``(A) this title;
``(B) any Act that authorizes amounts to be 
appropriated out of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund; 
or
``(C) any other law designated in the text thereof 
as a covered transportation law for purposes of 
application of this subsection.''.
(c) Application of Amendments.--Section 101(f) of title 23, United 
States Code, as added by subsection (a), and section 101(c) of title 
49, United States Code, as added by subsection (b), shall apply to the 
amendments made by this section and other amendments made by this Act.

TITLE I--FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAYS

Subtitle A--Authorizations and Programs

SEC. 1101. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

(a) In General.--The following amounts are authorized to be 
appropriated out of the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
Account):
(1) Federal-aid highway program.--For the national highway 
performance program under section 119 of title 23, United 
States Code, the surface transportation block grant program 
under section 133 of such title, section 134 of such title, the 
highway safety improvement program under section 148 of such 
title, the congestion mitigation and air quality improvement 
program under section 149 of such title, and the national 
highway freight and highway priority corridor program of 
section 167 of such title--
(A) $56,934,650,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(B) $57,532,010,000 for fiscal year 2028;
(C) $58,690,676,200 for fiscal year 2029;
(D) $59,785,644,724 for fiscal year 2030; and
(E) $60,943,911,618 for fiscal year 2031.
(2) Transportation infrastructure finance and innovation 
program.--For credit assistance under the transportation 
infrastructure finance and innovation program under chapter 6 
of title 23, United States Code, $250,000,000 for each of 
fiscal years 2027 through 2031.
(3) Bridge program.--To carry out the grants for rebuilding 
America's vital engineering structures program under section 
124(a) of title 23, United States Code, $9,200,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2027 through 2031.
(4) Federal lands and tribal transportation programs.--
(A) Tribal transportation program.--For the tribal 
transportation program under section 202 of title 23, 
United States Code--
(i) $643,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(ii) $657,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
(iii) $671,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
(iv) $686,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
(v) $701,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
(B) Federal lands transportation program.--
(i) In general.--For the Federal lands 
transportation program under section 203 of 
title 23, United States Code--
(I) $464,000,000 for fiscal year 
2027;
(II) $472,000,000 for fiscal year 
2028;
(III) $480,000,000 for fiscal year 
2029;
(IV) $488,000,000 for fiscal year 
2030; and
(V) $496,000,000 for fiscal year 
2031.
(ii) Allocation.--Of the amount made 
available for a fiscal year under clause (i)--
(I) the amount for the National 
Park Service is--
(aa) $365,000,000 for 
fiscal year 2027;
(bb) $370,500,000 for 
fiscal year 2028;
(cc) $376,000,000 for 
fiscal year 2029;
(dd) $381,500,000 for 
fiscal year 2030; and
(ee) $387,500,000 for 
fiscal year 2031;
(II) the amount for the United 
States Fish and Wildlife Service is 
$42,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
2027 through 2031; and
(III) the amount for the Forest 
Service is--
(aa) $29,500,000 for fiscal 
year 2027;
(bb) $31,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2028;
(cc) $32,500,000 for fiscal 
year 2029;
(dd) $34,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2030; and
(ee) $35,500,000 for fiscal 
year 2031.
(C) Federal lands access program.--For the Federal 
lands access program under section 204 of title 23, 
United States Code--
(i) $314,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(ii) $320,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
(iii) $326,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
(iv) $332,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
(v) $338,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
(5) Territorial and puerto rico highway program.--For the 
territorial and Puerto Rico highway program under section 165 
of title 23, United States Code--
(A) $242,200,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(B) $247,400,000 for fiscal year 2028;
(C) $252,600,000 for fiscal year 2029;
(D) $257,800,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
(E) $263,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
(b) Other Programs.--
(1) Highway trust fund.--The following amounts are 
authorized to be appropriated out of the Highway Trust Fund 
(other than the Mass Transit Account):
(A) Safe streets and roads for all program.--To 
carry out the safe streets and roads for all program 
under section 155 of title 23, United States Code--
(i) $500,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(ii) $625,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
(iii) $750,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
(iv) $875,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
(v) $1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
(B) Surface transportation accelerator grant 
program.--To carry out the surface transportation 
accelerator grant program under section 173 of title 
23, United States Code, $2,400,000,000 for each of 
fiscal years 2027 through 2031.
(C) PROTECT grants.--To carry out subsection (d) of 
the PROTECT program under section 176 of title 23, 
United States Code, $500,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2027 through 2031.
(D) Nationally significant federal lands and tribal 
projects.--
(i) In general.--To carry out the 
nationally significant Federal lands and tribal 
projects program under section 1123 of the FAST 
Act (23 U.S.C. 201 note; Public Law 114-94), 
$55,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2027 
through 2031.
(ii) Treatment.--Amounts made available 
under clause (i) shall be available for 
obligation in the same manner as if those 
amounts were apportioned under chapter 1 of 
title 23, United States Code.
(2) General fund.--
(A) Nationally significant multimodal freight and 
highway projects.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out the nationally significant 
multimodal freight and highway projects program under 
section 117 of title 23, United States Code, 
$1,200,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2027 through 
2031.
(B) Bridge completion program.--There is authorized 
to be appropriated to carry out the bridge completion 
program under section 124(b) of title 23, United States 
Code, $2,000,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2027 
through 2031.
(c) Research, Technology, and Education Authorizations.--
(1) In general.--The following amounts are authorized to be 
appropriated out of the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass 
Transit Account):
(A) Highway research and development program.--To 
carry out section 503(b) of title 23, United States 
Code--
(i) $149,940,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(ii) $152,938,800 for fiscal year 2028;
(iii) $155,997,576 for fiscal year 2029;
(iv) $159,117,528 for fiscal year 2030; and
(v) $162,299,878 for fiscal year 2031.
(B) Technology and innovation deployment.--To carry 
out section 503(c) of title 23, United States Code--
(i) $112,200,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(ii) $114,444,000 for fiscal year 2028;
(iii) $116,732,880 for fiscal year 2029;
(iv) $119,067,538 for fiscal year 2030; and
(v) $121,448,888 for fiscal year 2031.
(C) Training and education.--To carry out section 
504 of title 23, United States Code--
(i) $26,520,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(ii) $27,050,400 for fiscal year 2028;
(iii) $27,591,408 for fiscal year 2029;
(iv) $28,143,236 for fiscal year 2030; and
(v) $28,706,101 for fiscal year 2031.
(D) Intelligent transportation systems program.--To 
carry out sections 512 through 518 of title 23, United 
States Code--
(i) $112,200,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(ii) $114,444,000 for fiscal year 2028;
(iii) $116,732,880 for fiscal year 2029;
(iv) $119,067,538 for fiscal year 2030; and
(v) $121,448,888 for fiscal year 2031.
(E) University transportation centers program.--To 
carry out section 5505 of title 49, United States 
Code--
(i) $83,640,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(ii) $85,312,800 for fiscal year 2028;
(iii) $87,019,056 for fiscal year 2029;
(iv) $88,759,437 for fiscal year 2030; and
(v) $90,534,626 for fiscal year 2031.
(F) Bureau of transportation statistics.--To carry 
out chapter 63 of title 49, United States Code--
(i) $27,250,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(ii) $27,500,000 for fiscal year 2028;
(iii) $27,750,000 for fiscal year 2029;
(iv) $28,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
(v) $28,250,000 for fiscal year 2031.
(2) Administration.--The Administrator of the Federal 
Highway Administration shall--
(A) administer the programs described in 
subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) under paragraph (1); 
and
(B) in consultation with relevant modal 
administrations, administer the programs described in 
paragraph (1)(D).
(3) Applicability of title 23, united states code.--Amounts 
authorized to be appropriated by paragraph (1) shall--
(A) be available for obligation in the same manner 
as if those funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of 
title 23, United States Code, except that the Federal 
share of the project or activity carried out using 
those funds shall be 80 percent, unless otherwise 
expressly provided by this Act (including the 
amendments made by this Act) or otherwise determined by 
the Secretary; and
(B) remain available until expended and are not 
transferable, except as otherwise provided by this Act.
(d) Pilot Programs.--The following amounts are authorized to be 
appropriated out of the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
Account):
(1) Wildlife crossings.--For the wildlife crossings pilot 
program under section 171 of title 23, United States Code, 
$80,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2027 through 2031.
(2) Truck parking.--For the truck parking pilot program 
under section 180 of title 23, United States Code, $150,000,000 
for each of fiscal years 2027 through 2031.
(e) Disadvantaged Business Enterprises.--
(1) Findings.--Congress finds that--
(A) while significant progress has occurred due to 
the establishment of the disadvantaged business 
enterprise program, social and economic disadvantage 
and related barriers continue to pose significant 
obstacles for businesses owned by socially and 
economically disadvantaged individuals seeking to do 
business in federally assisted surface transportation 
markets across the United States;
(B) the continuing barriers described in 
subparagraph (A) merit the continuation of the 
disadvantaged business enterprise program;
(C) Congress has received and reviewed 
documentation of the effects of social and economic 
disadvantage on individuals seeking to do business in 
federally assisted surface transportation markets from 
numerous sources, including congressional hearings and 
roundtables, scientific and other reports, news 
stories, written statements of barriers to 
participation by disadvantaged business owners, and 
related lawsuits, which show that efforts that fail to 
specifically consider socially and economically 
disadvantaged individuals are insufficient to address 
the problem;
(D) the documentation described in subparagraph (C) 
demonstrates that barriers remain for the full and fair 
participation in surface transportation-related 
businesses of socially and economically disadvantaged 
business owners and has impacted firm development and 
many aspects of surface transportation-related business 
in the public and private markets; and
(E) the documentation described in subparagraph (C) 
provides a strong basis that there is a compelling need 
for the continuation of the disadvantaged business 
enterprise program.
(2) Small business concern defined.--In this subsection:
(A) In general.--The term ``small business 
concern'' means a small business concern (as the term 
is used in section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 
U.S.C. 632)).
(B) Exclusions.--The term ``small business 
concern'' does not include any concern or group of 
concerns controlled by the same socially and 
economically disadvantaged individual or individuals 
that have average annual gross receipts during the 
preceding 3 fiscal years in excess of $31,840,000, as 
adjusted annually by the Secretary for inflation.
(3) Amounts for small business concerns.--A national, 
aspirational goal of not less than 10 percent of the amounts 
made available for any program under titles I, II, III, and VI 
of this Act and section 403 of title 23, United States Code, 
shall be set for expenditure through good faith efforts by 
recipients of Federal financial assistance through small 
business concerns owned and controlled by socially and 
economically disadvantaged individuals.
(4) Development of objective criteria.--
(A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
develop and publish objective criteria to establish how 
State governments and unified certification programs 
will evaluate whether an individual qualifies as 
socially and economically disadvantaged under the 
program.
(B) Considerations.--The criteria developed under 
subparagraph (A)--
(i) shall include the ability for an 
individual to demonstrate social and economic 
disadvantage by submitting evidence that would 
support a finding of the types of 
discrimination prohibited under Federal law; 
and
(ii) shall include the ability for an 
individual to submit evidence of specific 
instances of economic hardship, systemic 
barriers, and denied opportunities that impeded 
the individual from achieving educational 
progress or success, employment opportunities, 
or business opportunities (including access to 
capital).
(C) Periodic revision.--The Secretary may 
periodically revise the objective criteria developed 
under subparagraph (A).
(5) Annual listing of disadvantaged business enterprises.--
Each State shall annually--
(A) survey and compile a list of the small business 
concerns referred to in paragraph (3) in the State, 
including the location of the small business concerns 
in the State;
(B) notify the Secretary, in writing, of the number 
of new small business concerns that have been certified 
in the State in the previous year; and
(C) provide the Secretary with such other 
information as the Secretary may require regarding the 
administration of the disadvantaged business enterprise 
program.
(6) Uniform certification.--
(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish 
minimum uniform criteria for use by State governments 
in certifying whether a concern qualifies as a small 
business concern for the purpose of this subsection.
(B) Inclusions.--The minimum uniform criteria 
established under subparagraph (A) shall include, with 
respect to a potential small business concern--
(i) on-site visits;
(ii) personal interviews with personnel;
(iii) issuance or inspection of licenses;
(iv) analyses of stock ownership;
(v) listings of equipment;
(vi) analyses of bonding capacity;
(vii) listings of work completed;
(viii) examination of the resumes of 
principal owners;
(ix) analyses of financial capacity; and
(x) analyses of the type of work preferred.
(7) Reporting.--The Secretary shall establish minimum 
requirements for use by State governments in reporting to the 
Secretary--
(A) information concerning disadvantaged business 
enterprise awards, commitments, and achievements;
(B) the process utilized and progress made by each 
unified certification program in the State to evaluate 
and recertify or decertify a small business concern 
under the criteria set by the Secretary, including 
periodic revision of the criteria for certification;
(C) the number of existing small business concerns 
recertified or decertified in fiscal years 2026 through 
2031; and
(D) such other information as the Secretary 
determines to be appropriate for the proper monitoring 
of the disadvantaged business enterprise program.
(8) Compliance with court orders.--Nothing in this 
subsection limits the eligibility of an individual or entity to 
receive funds made available under titles I, II, III, and VI of 
this Act and section 403 of title 23, United States Code, if 
the entity or person is prevented, in whole or in part, from 
complying with paragraph (3) because a Federal court issues a 
final order in which the court finds that a requirement or the 
implementation of paragraph (3) is unconstitutional.
(9) Sense of congress on prompt payment of dbe 
subcontractors.--It is the sense of Congress that--
(A) the Secretary should take additional steps to 
ensure that recipients comply with section 26.29 of 
title 49, Code of Federal Regulations (the 
disadvantaged business enterprises prompt payment 
rule), or any corresponding regulation, in awarding 
federally funded transportation contracts under laws 
and regulations administered by the Secretary; and
(B) such additional steps should include increasing 
the Department's ability to track and keep records of 
complaints and to make that information publicly 
available.
(f) Grant Conditions.--The Secretary may not terminate, withhold, 
or delay the execution of a grant agreement for a grant or award (in 
part or in whole) made using funds made available under this Act (or an 
amendment made by this Act) on the basis that the grant or award no 
longer effectuates non-statutory program goals or agency priorities, 
including pursuant to section 200.340(a)(4) of title 2, Code of Federal 
Regulations.

SEC. 1102. OBLIGATION LIMITATION.

(a) General Limitation.--Subject to subsection (e) and 
notwithstanding any other provision of law, the obligations for the 
Federal-aid highway and highway safety construction programs shall not 
exceed--
(1) $72,270,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(2) $73,045,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
(3) $74,382,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
(4) $75,657,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
(5) $76,996,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
(b) Exceptions.--The limitations under subsection (a) shall not 
apply to obligations under or for--
(1) section 125 of title 23, United States Code;
(2) section 147 of the Surface Transportation Assistance 
Act of 1978 (23 U.S.C. 144 note; 92 Stat. 2714);
(3) section 9 of the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1981 (95 
Stat. 1701);
(4) subsections (b) and (j) of section 131 of the Surface 
Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 (96 Stat. 2119);
(5) subsections (b) and (c) of section 149 of the Surface 
Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987 
(101 Stat. 198);
(6) sections 1103 through 1108 of the Intermodal Surface 
Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (105 Stat. 2027);
(7) section 157 of title 23, United States Code (as in 
effect on June 8, 1998);
(8) section 105 of title 23, United States Code (as in 
effect for fiscal years 1998 through 2004, but only in an 
amount equal to $639,000,000);
(9) Federal-aid highway programs for which obligation 
authority was made available under the Transportation Equity 
Act for the 21st Century (112 Stat. 107) or subsequent Acts for 
multiple years or to remain available until expended, but only 
to the extent that the obligation authority has not lapsed or 
been used;
(10) section 105 of title 23, United States Code (as in 
effect for fiscal years 2005 through 2012, but only in an 
amount equal to $639,000,000 for each of those fiscal years);
(11) section 1603 of the SAFETEA-LU (23 U.S.C. 118 note), 
to the extent that funds obligated in accordance with such 
section were not subject to a limitation on obligations at the 
time at which the funds were initially made available for 
obligation;
(12) section 119 of title 23, United States Code (as in 
effect for fiscal years 2013 through 2015, but only in an 
amount equal to $639,000,000 for each of those fiscal years);
(13) section 119 of title 23, United States Code (as in 
effect for fiscal years 2016 through 2021, but only in an 
amount equal to $639,000,000 for each of those fiscal years);
(14) section 119 of title 23, United States Code (as in 
effect for fiscal years 2022 through 2026, but only in an 
amount equal to $639,000,000 for each of those fiscal years); 
and
(15) section 119 of title 23, United States Code (as in 
effect for fiscal years 2027 through 2031, but only in an 
amount equal to $639,000,000 for each of those fiscal years).
(c) Distribution of Obligation Authority.--For each of fiscal years 
2027 through 2031, the Secretary--
(1) shall not distribute obligation authority provided by 
subsection (a) for the fiscal year for--
(A) amounts authorized for administrative expenses 
and programs by section 104(a) of title 23, United 
States Code; and
(B) amounts authorized for the Bureau of 
Transportation Statistics;
(2) shall not distribute an amount of obligation authority 
provided by subsection (a) that is equal to the unobligated 
balance of amounts--
(A) made available from the Highway Trust Fund 
(other than the Mass Transit Account) for the Federal-
aid highway and highway safety construction programs 
for previous fiscal years the funds for which are 
allocated by the Secretary (or apportioned by the 
Secretary under section 202 or 204 of title 23, United 
States Code); and
(B) for which obligation authority was provided in 
a previous fiscal year;
(3) shall determine the proportion that--
(A) the obligation authority provided by subsection 
(a) for the fiscal year, less the aggregate of the 
amount not distributed under paragraphs (1) and (2) of 
this subsection; bears to
(B) the total of sums authorized to be appropriated 
for the Federal-aid highway and highway safety 
construction programs (other than sums authorized to be 
appropriated for provisions of law described in 
paragraphs (1) through (14) of subsection (b) and sums 
authorized to be appropriated for section 119 of title 
23, United States Code, equal to the amount referred to 
in subsection (b)(15) for the fiscal year), less the 
aggregate of the amounts not distributed under 
paragraphs (1) and (2) of this subsection;
(4) shall distribute the obligation authority provided by 
subsection (a), less the aggregate amounts not distributed 
under paragraphs (1) and (2), for each of the programs (other 
than programs to which paragraph (1) applies) that are 
allocated by the Secretary under this Act and title 23, United 
States Code, or apportioned by the Secretary under section 202 
or 204 of such title, by multiplying--
(A) the proportion determined under paragraph (3); 
by
(B) the amounts authorized to be appropriated for 
each such program for the fiscal year;
(5) subject to paragraph (6), shall distribute the 
obligation authority provided by subsection (a), less the 
aggregate amount not distributed under paragraphs (1) and (2) 
and the amounts distributed under paragraph (4), for the 
Federal-aid highway and highway safety construction programs 
that are apportioned by the Secretary under title 23, United 
States Code (other than the amounts apportioned for the 
national highway performance program in section 119 of title 
23, United States Code, that are exempt from limitation under 
subsection (b)(15) and the amounts apportioned under sections 
202 and 204 of such title) in the proportion that--
(A) amounts authorized to be appropriated for the 
programs that are apportioned under title 23, United 
State Code, to each State for the fiscal year; bears to
(B) the total of the amounts authorized to be 
appropriated for the programs that are apportioned 
under title 23, United States Code, to all States for 
the fiscal year; and
(6) of the amounts calculated for a State under paragraph 
(5), distribute to any direct recipient designated under 
section 1113(d) located in such State, or proportionally 
located in such State--
(A) for a direct recipient located in 1 State, an 
amount of obligation authority described in section 
1113(d)(4)(B); or
(B) for a direct recipient located in more than 1 
State, a proportional amount of obligation authority 
described in section 1113(d)(4)(B).
(d) Redistribution of Unused Obligation Authority.--Notwithstanding 
subsection (c), the Secretary shall, after August 1 of each of fiscal 
years 2027 through 2031--
(1) revise a distribution of the obligation authority made 
available under subsection (c) if an amount distributed cannot 
be obligated during the fiscal year; and
(2) redistribute sufficient amounts to those States able to 
obligate amounts in addition to those previously distributed 
during the fiscal year, giving priority to those States having 
large unobligated balances of funds apportioned under section 
104 of title 23, United States Code, and paragraph (1) under 
the heading ``Highway Infrastructure Program'' in title VIII of 
division J of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (135 
Stat. 1420), commonly referred to as the ``Bridge Formula 
Program''.
(e) Applicability of Obligation Limitations to Certain Programs.--
(1) Transportation research programs.--
(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph 
(B), obligation limitations imposed by subsection (a) 
shall apply to contract authority for transportation 
research programs carried out under chapter 5 of title 
23, United States Code.
(B) Exception.--Obligation authority made available 
under subparagraph (A) shall--
(i) remain available for a period of 4 
fiscal years; and
(ii) be in addition to the amount of any 
limitation on obligations for the Federal-aid 
highway and highway safety construction 
programs for future fiscal years.
(2) Direct recipient metropolitan planning organizations.--
(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph 
(B), obligation limitations imposed by subsection (a) 
shall apply to contract authority apportioned under 
section 104(b)(6) of title 23, United States Code, that 
is directly allocated under section 1113(d)(4)(B) of 
this Act to a direct recipient designated under such 
section.
(B) Exception.--Obligation authority made available 
under subparagraph (A) shall--
(i) remain available for a period of 2 
fiscal years; and
(ii) be in addition to the amount of any 
limitation imposed on obligations for Federal-
aid highway and highway safety construction 
programs for future fiscal years.
(f) Redistribution of Certain Authorized Funds.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after the date of 
distribution of obligation authority under subsection (c) for 
each of fiscal years 2027 through 2031, the Secretary shall 
distribute to the States any funds (excluding funds authorized 
for the program under section 202 of title 23, United States 
Code) that--
(A) are authorized to be appropriated for the 
fiscal year for the Federal-aid highway programs; and
(B) the Secretary determines will not be allocated 
to the States (or will not be apportioned to the States 
under section 204 of title 23, United States Code), and 
will not be available for obligation, for the fiscal 
year because of the imposition of any obligation 
limitation for the fiscal year.
(2) Ratio.--Funds shall be distributed under paragraph (1) 
in the same proportion as the distribution of obligation 
authority under subsection (c)(5).
(3) Availability.--Funds distributed to each State under 
paragraph (1) shall be available for any purpose described in 
section 133(b) of title 23, United States Code.

SEC. 1103. DEFINITIONS.

Section 101(a) of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in paragraph (18) by striking ``and traffic control 
centers'' and inserting ``, traffic control centers, and backup 
power systems for traffic control devices and systems'';
(2) by redesignating paragraphs (6) through (36) as 
paragraphs (7) through (37), respectively; and
(3) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
``(6) Digital infrastructure.--The term `digital 
infrastructure' means public and private technology assets, 
including advanced digital construction management systems and 
related technology, that create, exchange, secure, or use data, 
including communications systems, servers, routers, hardware, 
sensors, and software applications.''.

SEC. 1104. APPORTIONMENT.

Section 104 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(1) by striking subparagraphs (A) 
through (E) and inserting the following:
``(A) $478,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(B) $487,500,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(C) $497,500,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(D) $508,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
``(E) $519,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.'';
(2) in subsection (b)--
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
(i) by inserting ``and high priority 
corridor'' after ``national highway freight''; 
and
(ii) by striking ``the carbon reduction 
program under section 175, to carry out 
subsection (c) of the PROTECT program under 
section 176,'';
(B) in paragraph (1) by striking ``59.0771195921461 
percent'' and inserting ``62 percent'';
(C) in paragraph (2) by striking ``28.7402203421251 
percent'' and inserting ``31 percent'';
(D) in paragraph (3) by striking ``6.70605141316253 
percent'' and inserting ``7 percent'';
(E) in paragraph (4)--
(i) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``shall 
be'' and all that follows through ``for fiscal 
year 2026.'' and inserting ``shall be--
``(i) $2,890,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $2,920,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $3,010,000,000 for fiscal year 
2029;
``(iv) $3,070,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $3,130,000,000 for fiscal year 
2031.''; and
(ii) in subparagraph (C) by striking 
``fiscal year 2020'' and inserting ``fiscal 
year 2026'' each place it appears;
(F) in paragraph (5)--
(i) in the paragraph heading by inserting 
``and high priority corridor'' after ``national 
highway freight'';
(ii) by inserting ``and high priority 
corridor'' after ``national highway freight'' 
each place it appears; and
(iii) in subparagraph (B) by striking 
clauses (i) through (v) and inserting the 
following:
``(i) $1,550,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $1,600,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $1,650,000,000 for fiscal year 
2029;
``(iv) $1,700,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $1,750,000,000 for fiscal year 
2031.'';
(G) in paragraph (6)--
(i) in subparagraph (B) by striking clauses 
(i) through (v) and inserting the following:
``(i) $520,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $540,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $560,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(iv) $580,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $600,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.''; 
and
(ii) in subparagraph (C) by striking 
``fiscal year 2020'' and inserting ``fiscal 
year 2026'' each place it appears; and
(H) by striking paragraphs (7) and (8);
(3) in subsection (c)--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) by striking ``fiscal year 2022'' and 
inserting ``fiscal year 2027'';
(ii) in subparagraph (A)(ii)(I) by striking 
``fiscal year 2021'' and inserting ``fiscal 
year 2026''; and
(iii) in subparagraph (B) by striking 
``that is'' and all that follows through ``the 
previous fiscal year.'' and inserting ``that is 
equal to at least 95 percent of the estimated 
tax payments attributable to highway users in 
the State paid into the Highway Trust Fund 
(other than the Mass Transit Account) in the 
most recent fiscal year for which data is 
available.''; and
(B) in paragraph (2)--
(i) by striking ``fiscal year 2022'' and 
inserting ``fiscal year 2027'';
(ii) by inserting ``and high priority 
corridor'' after ``national highway freight''; 
and
(iii) by striking ``the carbon reduction 
program under section 175, to carry out 
subsection (c) of the PROTECT program under 
section 176,''; and
(4) in subsection (h)--
(A) by inserting ``and high priority corridor'' 
after ``national highway freight''; and
(B) by striking ``the carbon reduction program 
under section 175, to carry out subsection (c) of the 
PROTECT program under section 176,''.

SEC. 1105. NATIONALLY SIGNIFICANT MULTIMODAL FREIGHT AND HIGHWAY 
PROJECTS.

Section 117 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (c)(1)(B) by striking ``200,000'' and 
inserting ``50,000'';
(2) in subsection (d)(1)(A)--
(A) in clause (ii) by striking ``including'' and 
all that follows through ``national scenic area;'' and 
inserting ``including a project to add capacity to the 
Interstate System to improve mobility;'';
(B) by striking clause (v); and
(C) by redesignating clauses (vi) through (viii) as 
clauses (v) through (vii), respectively;
(3) in subsection (e)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``15 percent'' and 
inserting ``10 percent''; and
(B) in paragraph (2) by striking ``$5,000,000'' and 
inserting ``$10,000,000'';
(4) in subsection (f)(2) by striking ``for the purpose of 
improving habitat for aquatic species'' and inserting ``that is 
eligible under section 176(d) of title 23'';
(5) in subsection (n)--
(A) by striking ``Notification.-- (1) in general.--
Not later than 60 days'' and inserting 
``Notification.--Not later than 3 days'';
(B) by striking paragraph (2); and
(C) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as 
paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively;
(6) in subsection (p) by striking paragraph (3);
(7) in subsection (q)--
(A) in paragraph (3)(A) by inserting ``and except 
as provided in paragraph (7)'' after ``other provision 
of law'';
(B) in paragraph (4)(A) by striking 
``$150,000,000'' and inserting ``10 percent of such 
amounts''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(7) Limited waiver authority for preapproval risk.--
``(A) Authority.--The Secretary may increase the 
Federal share for a project receiving a grant under 
this subsection to not more than 100 percent, solely 
with respect to eligible costs described in 
subparagraph (C), if the Secretary--
``(i) finds that the project that includes 
construction activities has not received--
``(I) a final Federal environmental 
decision under the National 
Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 
U.S.C. 4321 et seq.); or
``(II) a Federal, State, or local 
permit necessary to commence 
construction; and
``(ii) determines that requiring the non-
Federal share prior to such decision or permit 
would materially increase the risk of 
unreasonable project delay or project 
nondelivery.
``(B) Limitations.--The Secretary may exercise the 
authority under subparagraph (A)--
``(i) for not more than 5 projects in a 
fiscal year; and
``(ii) only to the extent that the 
aggregate amount of Federal participation 
applied pursuant to subparagraph (A) for the 
eligible costs described in subparagraph (C) 
does not exceed $30,000,000 for a project.
``(C) Eligible costs.--The authority under this 
paragraph may be applied only to nonconstruction costs 
the Secretary determines are reasonably necessary to 
advance the project to receipt of the approvals 
described in subparagraph (A)(i), including planning, 
preliminary engineering, environmental review, and 
permitting activities.
``(D) Total award.--Nothing in this paragraph shall 
be construed to authorize the Secretary to increase the 
total amount of a grant awarded under this subsection.
``(E) Notice and report.--Not later than 15 days 
prior to exercising authority under this paragraph, the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Environment and 
Public Works of the Senate a notification that includes 
the basis for the determination under subparagraph (A).
``(F) Oversight and recovery.--
``(i) Limitation.--The Secretary may 
exercise the authority under this paragraph 
only if the Secretary determines that the 
recipient has established appropriate 
accounting, internal control, and recordkeeping 
procedures to ensure that amounts made 
available under this paragraph are used only 
for the eligible costs described in 
subparagraph (C).
``(ii) Repayment required.--If the 
Secretary determines that amounts made 
available under this paragraph were expended 
for costs that are not eligible under this 
paragraph, the Secretary shall require 
repayment of such amounts and may take such 
other action as the Secretary determines 
appropriate under the grant agreement.
``(G) Sunset.--This paragraph shall cease to be 
effective on October 1, 2031.''; and
(8) by striking subsection (s).

SEC. 1106. NATIONAL HIGHWAY PERFORMANCE PROGRAM.

(a) In General.--Section 119(e) of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) by striking paragraph (5) and inserting the following:
``(5) Requirement for plan.--
``(A) In general.--
``(i) Determination of compliance.--Once 
every 2 years, the Secretary shall make a 
determination as to whether each State has 
developed and implemented a State asset 
management plan consistent with this section.
``(ii) Federal share for noncompliant 
state.--Notwithstanding section 120, for any 
State the Secretary has determined has not 
developed and implemented such a plan, the 
Federal share payable on account of any project 
or activity for which funds are obligated by 
the State under this section shall be 65 
percent.
``(B) Application.--
``(i) Compliant states.--A determination of 
compliance under subparagraph (A) shall apply 
until the next recertification date under such 
subparagraph and paragraph (6)(B).
``(ii) Noncompliant states.--A 
determination of noncompliance under 
subparagraph (A) shall apply during the period 
beginning on the date of the determination and 
ending on the date on which the Secretary 
determines that the State is in compliance 
pursuant to subparagraph (E)(i).
``(C) Submission.--
``(i) In general.--A State shall submit to 
the Secretary information to support a 
determination under subparagraph (A) in 
conjunction with a submission with respect to 
recertification under paragraph (6)(B).
``(ii) Requirements.--For purposes of 
subparagraph (A) and paragraph (6)(B), a 
submission of a State shall--
``(I) be considered sufficient with 
respect to the time period if the 
submission is for the most recent year; 
and
``(II) for applicable years other 
than the most recent year, include a 
certification by the State that the 
asset management undertaken in such 
applicable years by the State meets the 
requirements of this subsection.
``(D) Opportunity to cure.--
``(i) In general.--If the Secretary 
determines that a State is not in compliance 
under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall 
provide to the State--
``(I) a written statement of the 
specific actions the Secretary 
determines to be necessary for the 
State to come into compliance with this 
section; and
``(II) a period of not less than 90 
days to cure the deficiencies, during 
which all penalties and other legal 
impacts of a determination of 
noncompliance shall be stayed.
``(ii) Extension.--The Secretary, upon 
request of a State, may extend the time period 
described in clause (i)(II), including the stay 
of all penalties and other legal impacts of a 
determination of noncompliance.''; and
(2) in paragraph (6) by striking subparagraph (C) and 
inserting the following:
``(C) Opportunity to cure.--
``(i) In general.--If the Secretary denies 
certification under subparagraph (A), the 
Secretary shall provide the State with--
``(I) not less than 90 days to cure 
the deficiencies of the plan, during 
which time period all penalties and 
other legal impacts of a denial of 
certification shall be stayed; and
``(II) a written statement of the 
specific actions the Secretary 
determines to be necessary for the 
State to cure the plan.
``(ii) Extension.--The Secretary, upon 
request of a State, may extend the time period 
described in clause (i)(I), including the stay 
of all penalties and other legal impacts of a 
denial of certification.''.
(b) Regional Advance Mitigation.--Section 119(g) of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1)--
(A) in subparagraph (A)(ii) by inserting ``and 
regional advance mitigation programs'' after ``banks'';
(B) in subparagraph (B)--
(i) by inserting ``and the establishment 
of'' after ``contributions to''; and
(ii) by inserting ``, plans, and programs'' 
after ``efforts''; and
(C) in subparagraph (C)--
(i) by inserting ``and programs'' after 
``protection plans''; and
(ii) by inserting ``and advance mitigation 
programs'' after ``restoration plans'';
(2) in paragraph (2) by striking ``and plans'' and 
inserting ``plans, and programs'' each place it appears; and
(3) in paragraph (3)(B)--
(A) by inserting ``or State- or regionally-
sponsored advance mitigation program'' after ``agency-
sponsored mitigation bank'';
(B) by striking ``funded'' and inserting 
``eligible'' each place it appears; and
(C) by inserting ``or advance mitigation program 
credits'' after ``credits'' each place it appears.
(c) Regulations Required.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall revise any regulations 
necessary to carry out the amendments made by subsection (a).

SEC. 1107. FEDERAL SHARE.

Section 120(c) of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1) by striking ``closure'' and inserting 
``closure or improvements''; and
(2) by adding at the end the following:
``(5) Metropolitan planning.--Except as otherwise provided 
under this title, the Federal share payable for an activity 
carried out under section 134 shall be 90 percent.''.

SEC. 1108. BRIDGE PROGRAMS.

(a) In General.--Section 124 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 124. Grants for rebuilding America's vital engineering 
structures program
``(a) State Apportionment Mechanism.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a program 
to provide grants to each State in accordance with the 
apportionment formula described in paragraph (3) for the 
construction of new bridges and to improve the safety, 
efficiency, reliability, capacity, and utility of bridges and 
other structures in the United States.
``(2) Eligible projects.--
``(A) In general.--Funds apportioned to a State 
under this subsection may only be obligated for 
projects to construct, replace, rehabilitate, preserve, 
protect, expand, or improve--
``(i) a bridge on a public road; or
``(ii) a culvert.
``(B) Costs.--A grant provided for an eligible 
project described in subparagraph (A) may be used for--
``(i) development phase activities, 
including planning, feasibility analysis, 
revenue forecasting, environmental review, 
preliminary engineering and design work, and 
other preconstruction activities;
``(ii) construction, reconstruction, 
rehabilitation, acquisition of real property 
(including land related to the project and 
improvements to the land), environmental 
mitigation, construction contingencies, 
acquisition of equipment, and operational 
improvements directly related to improving 
system performance; and
``(iii) expenses relating to the protection 
of a bridge (including as described in section 
133(b)(10)).
``(C) Bundling of bridge projects.--Projects 
bundled pursuant to section 144(j) shall be considered 
eligible under subparagraph (A).
``(3) Apportionment.--
``(A) In general.--Amounts made available to carry 
out this subsection for a fiscal year shall be 
apportioned among each State as follows:
``(i) $75,000,000 shall be apportioned to 
each State.
``(ii) The remainder of amounts not 
otherwise distributed under clause (i) shall be 
apportioned among each State as follows:
``(I) 25 percent by the proportion 
of the total bridge deck area in such 
State that bears to the sum of total 
bridge deck area in all States.
``(II) 25 percent by the proportion 
of the total bridge deck area 
classified as in poor condition in such 
State that bears to the sum of the 
total bridge deck area classified in 
poor condition in all States.
``(III) 25 percent by the 
proportion of the total bridge deck 
area of bridges on the National Highway 
System in such State that bears to the 
sum of the total National Highway 
System bridge deck area in all States.
``(IV) 25 percent by the proportion 
of the total bridge deck area of 
bridges on the National Highway System 
that is classified as in poor condition 
in such State that bears to the sum of 
the total bridge deck area of bridges 
on the National Highway System that is 
classified as in poor condition in all 
States.
``(B) Minimum apportionment.--Notwithstanding 
subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall adjust the 
amounts apportioned to each State to ensure that each 
State receives an amount equal to at least the amount 
such State received in fiscal year 2026 under paragraph 
(1) under the heading `Highway Infrastructure Programs' 
in title VIII of division J of the Infrastructure 
Investment and Jobs Act (135 Stat. 1420), commonly 
referred to as the `Bridge Formula Program'.
``(C) Set aside for off-system bridges.--
``(i) In general.--Except as provided under 
clause (ii), of the amounts apportioned to a 
State under this paragraph for each fiscal 
year, the State shall ensure that not less than 
20 percent of such amounts are used for 
purposes relating to off-system bridges (as 
defined in section 133(f)(1)).
``(ii) Exception.--The Secretary, in 
consultation with relevant State and local 
officials, may reduce the set aside requirement 
for a State under clause (i) if the Secretary 
determines that the State has an insufficient 
number of projects relating to off-system 
bridges.
``(iii) Local consultation.--In determining 
the off-system bridges for which amounts shall 
be set aside under this subparagraph shall be 
used, each State shall consult with, as 
applicable, relevant metropolitan planning 
organizations, regional transportation planning 
organizations, and other non-State owners of 
off-system bridges.
``(iv) Inclusion of locally-owned 
bridges.--Amounts set aside under subparagraph 
(D) that are used for purposes relating to 
locally-owned bridges that are off-system 
bridges shall count towards the amount required 
to be used for off-system bridges by a State 
under clause (i).
``(D) Set aside for locally-owned bridges.--
``(i) In general.--Except as provided under 
clause (ii), of the amounts apportioned to a 
State under this paragraph for each fiscal 
year, the State shall set aside not less than 
25 percent to fund a competitive process for 
locally-owned bridges as described in clause 
(iv) of this subparagraph.
``(ii) Exception.--The Secretary, in 
consultation with relevant State and local 
officials, may reduce the set aside requirement 
for a State under clause (i) only if the 
Secretary determines that the State has an 
insufficient number of projects relating to 
locally-owned bridges.
``(iii) Competitive process.--A State 
required to obligate funds in accordance with 
this subparagraph shall conduct a competitive 
process to select projects for funding.
``(iv) Locally-owned bridge defined.--In 
this subsection, the term `locally-owned 
bridge' means a bridge owned by a county, town, 
township, city, municipality, or other local 
entity.
``(E) Limitation.--
``(i) In general.--Except as provided in 
clause (ii), of the amounts apportioned to a 
State under this paragraph for each fiscal 
year, the State may use not more than 5 percent 
of such amounts for projects that consist 
solely of culvert replacement or 
rehabilitation.
``(ii) Exception.--The limitation under 
clause (i) shall not apply if a State is 
required by an injunction issued by a Federal 
court to modify or replace culverts.
``(F) National bridge inventory.--For purposes of 
determining the amount apportioned to each State 
pursuant to subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall 
calculate such formula using the most recently 
available data from the national bridge inventory 
established under section 144(b).
``(G) Non-applicability.--Section 165(b)(3) shall 
not apply to amounts apportioned under this subsection.
``(4) Cost share.--The Federal share of the cost of a 
project carried out under this subsection shall be determined 
in accordance with section 120, except that, in the case of 
such a project for an off-system bridge that is a locally-owned 
bridge or is owned by a federally-recognized Tribe, the Federal 
share shall be 95 percent.
``(5) Transfers.--A State may only transfer amounts 
apportioned under this subsection if the Secretary determines 
that the State has an insufficient number of eligible projects 
for which such amounts may be used.
``(6) Treatment of projects.--Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, a project carried out with amounts 
apportioned under this subsection shall be treated as a project 
on a Federal-aid highway under this chapter.
``(7) Set aside for tribal transportation facility 
bridges.--Of the amounts made available to carry out this 
subsection, the Secretary shall set aside 3 percent to carry 
out section 202(d).
``(8) Set-aside for culverts.--Of amounts made available to 
carry out this subsection, $200,000,000 for each fiscal year 
through fiscal year 2031 shall be available to the Secretary, 
through the Administrator of the Federal Highway 
Administration, to make competitive grants under section 6703 
of title 49.
``(9) Reports.--
``(A) Reports to secretary.--
``(i) In general.--Each State that receives 
a grant under this section shall submit to the 
Secretary, on an annual basis, a report 
describing--
``(I) progress made in completing 
projects with funds apportioned under 
this subsection; and
``(II) the effectiveness of such 
projects in reducing the number of 
bridges in poor condition and that 
require posted weight restrictions.
``(ii) Publication.--The Secretary shall 
publish each report submitted under clause (i) 
on a publicly available website of the 
Secretary.
``(B) Report to congress.--The Secretary shall 
submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Environment and Public Works of the 
Senate, and make publicly available, an annual report 
describing--
``(i) projects carried out under this 
subsection;
``(ii) national trends regarding the 
condition of bridges, including the 
effectiveness of such projects in reducing the 
number of bridges in poor condition and that 
require posted weight restrictions; and
``(iii) policy recommendations to improve 
the effectiveness of the State apportionment 
mechanism established under this subsection.
``(b) Bridge Completion Program.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a program 
for the purpose of awarding grants, on a competitive basis, to 
eligible entities to improve the safety, efficiency, 
reliability, capacity, and utility of bridges in the United 
States.
``(2) Eligible projects.--
``(A) In general.--A grant provided under this 
subsection may only be used for projects to construct, 
replace, rehabilitate, preserve, protect, expand, or 
improve a bridge on the National Highway System.
``(B) Inclusion.--In this subsection, the term 
`eligible project' includes--
``(i) a bundle of projects described in 
subparagraph (A), regardless of whether the 
bundle of projects meets the requirements of 
section 144(j)(5); and
``(ii) a project to replace or rehabilitate 
culverts that is eligible under section 176(d).
``(C) Costs.--A grant provided for a project 
described in subparagraph (A) may be used for--
``(i) development phase activities, 
including planning, feasibility analysis, 
revenue forecasting, environmental review, 
preliminary engineering and design work, and 
other preconstruction activities;
``(ii) construction, reconstruction, 
rehabilitation, acquisition of real property 
(including land related to the project and 
improvements to the land), environmental 
mitigation, construction contingencies, 
acquisition of equipment, and operational 
improvements directly related to improving 
system performance; and
``(iii) expenses related to the protection 
of a bridge as described in section 133(b)(10).
``(3) Grant amounts.--A grant provided under this 
subsection shall be--
``(A) in an amount that is sufficient (in 
combination with other financial resources identified 
in the application for such grant) to fully fund the 
project for which the grant is awarded; and
``(B) not less than $50,000,000.
``(4) Cost share.--
``(A) Federal share.--The amount of assistance 
provided by the Secretary under this subsection for a 
project shall not exceed 50 percent of the total cost 
of the project.
``(B) Other funds.--Federal assistance other than a 
grant provided under this subsection may be used to 
satisfy the non-Federal share of the cost of a project 
for which a grant is provided under this subsection, 
except that the total Federal assistance provided for 
such a project may not exceed the applicable Federal 
share for the project under section 120.
``(C) Federal land management agencies and tribal 
governments.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, Federal assistance other than a grant provided 
under this subsection may be used to pay the remaining 
share of the cost of a project carried out with a grant 
provided under this subsection by a Federal land 
management agency or a Tribal government or consortium 
of Tribal governments.
``(5) Competitive process and evaluation.--
``(A) Applications.--To be eligible for a grant 
under this subsection, an eligible entity shall submit 
to the Secretary an application at such time, in such 
manner, and containing such information as the 
Secretary may require, including all necessary 
information required for the Secretary to--
``(i) determine that the project meets and 
will continue to meet the applicable 
requirements under this subsection; and
``(ii) otherwise evaluate the project, 
including using the criteria described in 
subparagraph (B).
``(B) Considerations.--In selecting projects for 
which to provide a grant under this subsection, the 
Secretary shall consider the following:
``(i) The average daily person and freight 
throughput expected to be supported by the 
project.
``(ii) The expected safety benefits of the 
project.
``(iii) The expected national or regional 
economic benefits of the project.
``(iv) In the case of a project that is 
bundled with related projects, the extent to 
which the project will demonstrate cost 
savings.
``(v) In the case of a project proposed to 
be carried out by a Federal land management 
agency, the extent to which the grant would 
reduce a Federal liability or Federal 
infrastructure maintenance backlog.
``(vi) Geographic diversity among grant 
recipients, including the need to balance 
between the needs of rural and urban 
communities.
``(vii) The extent to which the project is 
for a bridge in poor condition or at risk of 
falling into poor condition.
``(viii) The extent to which the project is 
for a bridge that does not meet the most up-to-
date geometric design standards based on the 
type and use of the bridge.
``(ix) The extent to which the project is 
for a bridge that does not meet the most up-to-
date seismic design standards or incorporate 
adequate impact protection measures.
``(6) TIFIA program.--On the request of an eligible entity 
carrying out a project with a grant provided under this 
subsection, the Secretary may use amounts awarded to the entity 
to pay subsidy and administrative costs necessary to provide to 
the entity Federal credit assistance under chapter 6 with 
respect to the project for which the grant was awarded.
``(7) Multiyear agreements.--
``(A) In general.--A project carried out with a 
grant provided under this subsection may be carried out 
through a multiyear grant agreement in accordance with 
this paragraph.
``(B) Requirements.--A multiyear grant agreement 
for a project described in subparagraph (A) shall--
``(i) establish the terms of participation 
by the Federal Government in the project;
``(ii) establish the maximum amount of 
Federal financial assistance for the project in 
accordance with paragraph (4);
``(iii) establish a payout schedule for the 
project that provides for disbursement of the 
full grant amount by not later than 4 fiscal 
years after the fiscal year in which the 
initial amount is provided;
``(iv) determine the period of time for 
completing the project, even if the period 
extends beyond the period of an authorization; 
and
``(v) attempt to improve timely and 
efficient management of the project, consistent 
with all applicable Federal laws (including 
regulations).
``(C) Special financial rules.--
``(i) In general.--A multiyear grant 
agreement under this paragraph--
``(I) shall obligate an amount of 
available budget authority specified in 
law; and
``(II) may include a commitment, 
contingent on an amount to be specified 
in law in advance for commitments under 
this paragraph, to obligate an 
additional amount from future available 
budget authority specified in law.
``(ii) Statement of contingent 
commitment.--The agreement shall state that the 
contingent commitment is not an obligation of 
the Federal Government.
``(iii) Interests and other financing 
costs.--
``(I) In general.--Interest and 
other financing costs of carrying out a 
part of the project within a reasonable 
time shall be considered a cost of 
carrying out the project under a 
multiyear grant agreement, except that 
the eligible costs may not be more than 
the cost of the most favorable 
financing terms reasonably available 
for the project at the time of 
borrowing.
``(II) Certification.--The 
applicant shall certify to the 
Secretary that the applicant has shown 
reasonable diligence in seeking the 
most favorable financing terms.
``(iv) Advance payment.--Notwithstanding 
any other provision of law, an eligible entity 
carrying out a project under a multiyear grant 
agreement--
``(I) may use funds made available 
to the entity under this title for 
eligible project costs of the project 
until the amount specified in the 
multiyear grant agreement for the 
project for that fiscal year becomes 
available for obligation; and
``(II) if the eligible entity uses 
funds described in subclause (I), the 
funds used shall be reimbursed from the 
amount made available under the 
multiyear grant agreement for the 
project.
``(8) Undertaking parts of projects in advance under 
letters of no prejudice.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary may pay to an 
eligible entity all eligible project costs described in 
paragraph (2)(B), including costs for an activity for a 
project incurred prior to the date on which the project 
receives funding under this subsection if--
``(i) before the eligible entity carries 
out the activity, the Secretary approves 
through a letter to the applicant the activity 
in the same manner as the Secretary approves 
other activities as eligible under this 
subsection;
``(ii) a record of decision, a finding of 
no significant impact, or a categorical 
exclusion under the National Environmental 
Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) has 
been issued for the project; and
``(iii) the activity is initially carried 
out without Federal assistance and in 
accordance with all applicable procedures and 
requirements.
``(B) Interests and other financing costs.--
``(i) In general.--For the purposes of 
subparagraph (A), the cost of carrying out an 
activity for a project under this subsection 
includes the amount of interest and other 
financing costs, including any interest earned 
and payable on bonds, to the extent the 
interest and other financing costs are expended 
in carrying out the activity for the project, 
except that interest and other financing costs 
may not be more than the cost of the most 
favorable financing terms reasonably available 
for the project at the time of borrowing.
``(ii) Certification.--The applicant shall 
certify to the Secretary that the applicant has 
shown reasonable diligence in seeking the most 
favorable financing terms under clause (i).
``(C) No obligation.--An approval by the Secretary 
under subparagraph (A)(i) shall not constitute an 
obligation of the Federal Government.
``(9) Divestiture consideration for federally-owned 
bridges.--In the case of a bridge owned by a Federal land 
management agency for which the agency applies for a grant 
under this subsection, the agency--
``(A) shall consider options to divest the bridge 
to a State or local entity after completion of the 
project; and
``(B) may apply jointly with the State or local 
entity to which the bridge may be divested.
``(10) Treatment of projects.--Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, a project assisted under this subsection 
shall be treated as a project on a Federal-aid highway under 
this chapter.
``(11) Congressional notification.--Not later than 3 days 
before providing a grant for a project under this subsection, 
the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation 
and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a 
written notification of such grant.
``(12) Eligible entity defined.--In this subsection, the 
term `eligible entity' means any of the following:
``(A) A State or a group of States.
``(B) A metropolitan planning organization that 
serves an urbanized area (as designated by the Bureau 
of Census) with a population over 200,000.
``(C) A unit of local government or group of local 
governments.
``(D) A political subdivision of a State or local 
government.
``(E) A special purpose district or public 
authority with a transportation function.
``(F) A Federal land management agency.
``(G) A Tribal government or a consortium of Tribal 
governments.
``(H) A multistate or multijurisdictional group of 
entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (G).''.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 
124 and inserting the following:

``124. Grants for rebuilding America's vital engineering structures 
program.''.

SEC. 1109. EMERGENCY RELIEF.

(a) In General.--Section 125 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in subsection (d)--
(A) in paragraph (2)--
(i) in subparagraph (A)(ii) by inserting 
``or is a protective feature described in 
paragraph (3)(B)'' after ``natural disasters''; 
and
(ii) by adding at the end the following:
``(C) Improvement.--An improvement that is part of 
a project under this section shall be considered 
economically justifiable by the Secretary if a State 
transportation department includes, with an application 
submitted under this section, a supporting narrative 
explanation demonstrating that the anticipated benefits 
of the improvement will exceed the costs.'';
(B) in paragraph (3)(A) by striking ``that will 
mitigate the risk of recurring damage or the cost of 
future repair from extreme weather, flooding, and other 
natural disasters'' and inserting ``described in 
subparagraph (B)''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(6) Exception to application deadline.--Notwithstanding 
paragraph (1)(B), the Secretary may accept an application from 
a State transportation department after the 2-year deadline 
described in such paragraph if the Secretary finds that such 
application was delayed due to the lack of necessary permits or 
approvals relating to the repair or reconstruction of highways 
on Federal-aid highways.''; and
(2) by adding at the end the following:
``(h) Deadline for Construction Obligation.--
``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, the Secretary may not require any project funded under 
this section to advance to the construction obligation stage 
before the date that is the last day of the fourth fiscal year 
after the later of--
``(A) the date on which the Governor of the State 
declared the emergency, as described in subsection 
(d)(1)(A); or
``(B) the date on which the President declared a 
major disaster, as described in subsection (d)(1)(A).
``(2) Extension of deadline.--The Secretary may extend the 
deadline under paragraph (1) for not more than 1 year, and may 
issue additional extensions for a period of not more than 1 
year after the expiration of any extension, if the Secretary 
determines the Governor of the State has provided suitable 
justification to warrant such an extension.
``(3) Requirement.--Notwithstanding paragraph (2), the 
Secretary shall extend the deadline under paragraph (1) for not 
more than 1 year, and shall issue additional extensions for a 
period of not more than 1 year after the expiration of any 
extension, if the Secretary finds that a project under this 
section has been delayed due to the lack of necessary permits 
or approvals relating to the repair or reconstructing of 
highways on Federal-aid highways.''.
(b) Updates to Emergency Relief Manual.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall revise the emergency 
relief manual of the Federal Highway Administration to--
(A) reflect amendments made by subsection (a); and
(B) to include objective reimbursement thresholds 
and measurement procedures for debris removal and 
signal repairs.
(2) Training for states.--The Secretary, acting through the 
Administrator of the Federal Highway Administration, shall 
provide to State departments of transportation training 
relating to revisions made to the emergency relief manual 
pursuant to paragraph (1).
(3) Future updates to emergency relief manual.--After 
completing the revisions required under paragraph (1), the 
Secretary shall update the emergency relief manual of the 
Federal Highway Administration not less frequently than once 
every 3 years.

SEC. 1110. TOLL ROADS, BRIDGES, TUNNELS, AND FERRIES.

Section 129 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) in paragraph (9)(A) by striking ``that serves 
the public'' and inserting ``in scheduled or charter 
service''; and
(B) in paragraph (11) by adding at the end the 
following:
``(F) Charter service.--The term `charter service' 
has the meaning given the term in section 604.3 of 
title 49, Code of Federal Regulations.''; and
(2) by striking subsection (d) and inserting the following:
``(d) Exception.--
``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
this title, or any regulation thereunder, Presidio County, 
Texas, may impose and collect tolls on the Presidio-Ojinaga 
International Bridge or for the use thereof, provided that 
Presidio County obtains the ownership interest of the State of 
Texas before imposing and collecting such tolls.
``(2) Use of revenues.--Presidio County, Texas, shall use 
any revenues received under the authority of this subsection 
for preventative and routine maintenance of roadways located in 
such County and related costs.''.

SEC. 1111. RAILWAY-HIGHWAY GRADE CROSSINGS.

(a) In General.--Section 130 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in subsection (a) by striking ``elimination of hazards 
of railway-highway crossings'' and inserting ``reduction or 
elimination of hazards of railway-highway crossings, including 
installing protective devices such as quad gates,'';
(2) in subsection (e)(1)(A) by striking ``2022 through 
2026'' and inserting ``2027 through 2031'';
(3) in subsection (i)(3)(B) by inserting ``(as adjusted 
annually by the Secretary beginning in fiscal year 2027 to 
reflect any increases in the Consumer Price Index prepared by 
the Department of Labor)'' after ``$100,000''; and
(4) in subsection (k) by striking ``8'' and inserting 
``4''.
(b) Guidance.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary, acting through the Administrator of the 
Federal Highway Administration, shall issue guidance describing the 
types of projects under section 130(e)(1)(B) of title 23, United States 
Code, for which a State may use funds set aside under section 
130(e)(1)(A) of such title.

SEC. 1112. SURFACE TRANSPORTATION BLOCK GRANT PROGRAM.

(a) In General.--Section 133 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) by striking ``low water crossing'' and inserting ``low-
water crossing'' each place it appears;
(2) in subsection (b)--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) in subparagraph (E) by striking 
``section 1401 of MAP-21 (23 U.S.C. 137 note)'' 
and inserting ``section 180'';
(ii) in subparagraph (F) by striking 
``and'' at the end;
(iii) in subparagraph (G) by striking the 
period and inserting ``; and''; and
(iv) by adding at the end the following:
``(H) infrastructure to improve the ability of an 
existing surface transportation asset to--
``(i) withstand 1 or more elements of a 
weather event or natural disaster; or
``(ii) increase the resilience of surface 
transportation infrastructure from the impacts 
of natural disasters.'';
(B) in paragraph (7) by striking ``,,'' and 
inserting a comma;
(C) in paragraph (11) by inserting ``and rail'' 
before ``planning'';
(D) in paragraph (16) by inserting ``, and digital 
infrastructure'' before the period at the end;
(E) by redesignating paragraphs (5) through (24) as 
paragraphs (4) through (23), respectively; and
(F) by adding at the end the following:
``(24) Projects described in subsections (a), (d), and (e) 
of section 176.
``(25) Planning, design, construction, and improvements 
associated with a passenger rail station or equipment that 
serves a State-supported route (as such term is defined in 
section 24102 of title 49).'';
(3) in subsection (c)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``a new bridge 
or'';
(B) in paragraph (2) by striking ``paragraphs (5) 
through (15) and paragraph (23) of subsection (b)'' and 
inserting ``paragraphs (4) through (14) and paragraph 
(22) of subsection (b)''; and
(C) in paragraph (5) by striking ``by the 
Secretary'' and inserting ``in subsection (f)(1)'';
(4) in subsection (d)--
(A) in paragraph (1)(A) by striking ``2022 through 
2026'' and inserting ``2027 through 2031''; and
(B) in paragraph (3)(A)(ii) by striking ``2022 
through 2026'' and inserting ``2027 through 2031'';
(5) in subsection (e)(1) by striking ``2022 through 2026'' 
and inserting ``2027 through 2031'';
(6) in subsection (f)--
(A) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the 
following:
``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
``(A) Low-water crossing.--The term `low-water 
crossing' means a waterway crossing for a public road 
(other than a bridge) that has been improved to be--
``(i) passable by vehicles during periods 
of ordinary stream flow; and
``(ii) impassable by vehicles during 
periods of high stream flow.
``(B) Off-system bridge.--The term `off-system 
bridge' means a bridge or low water crossing that--
``(i) is located on a public road that is 
not a Federal-aid highway; and
``(ii) is greater than 6 feet in length.'';
(B) in paragraph (2)--
(i) by striking ``and (10) of subsection 
(b)'' and inserting ``and (9) of subsection 
(b)'';
(ii) by striking ``low water crossings 
with'' and inserting ``low-water crossings 
with''; and
(iii) by striking ``subsection (b)(10) for 
low water crossings (as defined by the 
Secretary)'' and inserting ``subsection (b)(9) 
for low-water crossings''; and
(C) in paragraph (3) by striking ``(as defined by 
the Secretary)'';
(7) in subsection (h)(7)--
(A) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as 
subparagraph (E); and
(B) by striking subparagraph (B) and inserting the 
following:
``(B) Flexible financing.--Notwithstanding section 
120--
``(i) the non-Federal share for a project 
under this subsection may be calculated on a 
project, multiple-project, or program basis; 
and
``(ii) the Federal share of the cost of an 
individual project under this subsection may be 
up to 100 percent.
``(C) Treatment as non-federal share.--
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, funds made 
available to carry out section 148 may be credited 
toward the non-Federal share of the costs of a project 
under this subsection if--
``(i) a project that is otherwise eligible 
under this subsection includes a Proven Safety 
Countermeasure for bicyclists or pedestrians, 
as determined by the Administrator of the 
Federal Highway Administration on the day 
before the date of enactment of the BUILD 
America 250 Act; and
``(ii) the proposed project--
``(I) supports State highway safety 
objectives as determined by--
``(aa) the inclusion of an 
emphasis area related to 
vulnerable road users within a 
relevant State strategic 
highway safety plan; or
``(bb) a description of the 
proposed project in a program 
of projects or strategies 
developed pursuant to section 
148(l); or
``(II) is included in a data-driven 
local roadway safety plan, including--
``(aa) a complete streets 
prioritization plan described 
in section 11206 of the Surface 
Transportation Reauthorization 
Act of 2021 (23 U.S.C. 134 
note);
``(bb) a transition plan 
described in section 35.150(d) 
of title 28, Code of Federal 
Regulations (or successor 
regulations) (commonly known as 
an `ADA Transition Plan');
``(cc) a Tribal 
transportation safety plan; or
``(dd) a comprehensive 
safety action plan (as defined 
in section 155).'';
(8) in subsection (j)(2) by inserting ``, a community in an 
urban area with a population of less than 10,000,'' after 
``rural community'';
(9) in subsection (k)(1)(B)(i) by striking ``14501'' and 
inserting ``section 14501''; and
(10) by adding at the end the following:
``(l) Limitation on Planning Requirements.--Nothing in this section 
requires a metropolitan planning organization or a State to develop a 
resilience improvement plan or to include a resilience improvement plan 
in a metropolitan transportation plan under section 134 or a long-range 
statewide transportation plan under section 135, as applicable.
``(m) Rail Limitation.--Not more than 5 percent of the funds 
apportioned to a State under section 104(b)(2) may be used for a 
project described in subsection (b)(25) that was not eligible under 
this section on the date prior to the date of enactment of the BUILD 
America 250 Act.''.
(b) Transferability.--Section 126(b)(2)(B) of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended--
(1) in clause (i) by striking the semicolon at the end and 
inserting a period;
(2) by striking ``Secretary'' and all that follows through 
``held'' and inserting ``State certifies to the Secretary that 
the State held''; and
(3) by striking clauses (ii) and (iii).
(c) Conforming Amendment.--Section 165(c)(7) of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended by striking ``section 133(b)(13)'' and 
inserting ``section 133(b)(12)''.

SEC. 1113. TRANSPORTATION PLANNING.

(a) Metropolitan Transportation Planning.--Section 134 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (b)--
(A) by redesignating paragraphs (5) through (7) as 
paragraphs (6) through (8), respectively; and
(B) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
``(5) Primary urbanized area.--The term `primary urbanized 
area' means an urbanized area that--
``(A) has a population of at least 3,500,000 
individuals, as determined by the Bureau of Census; or
``(B) extends into more than 1 State and has a 
population of at least 200,000, as determined by the 
Bureau of Census.'';
(2) in subsection (f)(1) by striking ``metropolitan area 
and'' and inserting ``metropolitan area, including primary 
urbanized areas that extend into more than 1 State in 
accordance with section 5308 of title 49, and'';
(3) in subsection (j)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by adding at the end the 
following:
``(E) Exception.--Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, the amendment of an approved TIP to 
add a project or an identified phase of a project shall 
not require public review and comment if the added 
project or the identified phase--
``(i) was in the approved TIP that 
immediately preceded the current TIP; and
``(ii) is unchanged from the project or the 
identified phase in the preceding TIP.''; and
(B) in paragraph (5)(A) by striking ``subsection 
(k)(4)'' and inserting ``subsection (k)(5)'';
(4) in subsection (k)(4)--
(A) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``In general.'' 
and inserting ``Housing coordination process.'';
(B) by striking subparagraph (B);
(C) in subparagraph (C)--
(i) by striking ``Plan'' and all that 
follows through ``A metropolitan planning 
organization'' and inserting ``Plan.--A 
metropolitan planning organization''; and
(ii) by striking clause (ii); and
(D) by redesignating subparagraph (C), as amended, 
as subparagraph (B); and
(5) by adding at the end the following:
``(s) Additional Uses of Metropolitan Planning Funding.--In 
addition to carrying out the purposes of this section, funds 
apportioned under section 104(b)(6) of this title and section 5313(f) 
of title 49 to States and metropolitan planning organizations may be 
used for--
``(1) fiscal administration of local projects;
``(2) preliminary design;
``(3) local technical assistance;
``(4) studies directly linked to transportation; and
``(5) critical data procurement.''.
(b) Statewide and Nonmetropolitan Transportation Planning.--Section 
135 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (e)(3) by striking the period at the end 
and inserting ``, including primary urbanized areas that extend 
to more than 1 State in accordance with section 5308 of title 
49.''; and
(2) in subsection (g)--
(A) by redesignating paragraph (9) as paragraph 
(10); and
(B) by inserting after paragraph (8) the following:
``(9) Exception.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, the amendment of an approved transportation improvement 
program to add a project or an identified phase of a project 
shall not require public review and comment if the added 
project or the identified phase--
``(A) was in the approved transportation 
improvement program that immediately preceded the 
current transportation improvement program; and
``(B) is unchanged from the project or the 
identified phase in the preceding transportation 
improvement program.''.
(c) Travel Demand Data Modeling.--Section 11205(b) of the Surface 
Transportation Reauthorization Act of 2021 (23 U.S.C. 134 note) is 
amended--
(1) in paragraph (1), in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A), by striking ``Not later than 2 years after the date of 
enactment of this Act,'' and inserting ``Not later than 1 year 
after the date of enactment of BUILD America 250 Act,'';
(2) in paragraph (3) by striking ``The Secretary'' and 
inserting ``Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of BUILD America 250 Act, the Secretary''; and
(3) by adding at the end the following:
``(4) Notification to congress.--The Secretary shall notify 
the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House 
of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public 
Works of the Senate when the requirements of this subsection 
have been met.
``(5) Report on delay.--If the Secretary will not meet the 
deadline under paragraph (1) or paragraph (3), before the date 
on which such deadline has not been met, the Secretary shall 
submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment 
and Public Works of the Senate a report stating the reason for 
the delay and actions taken to meet the requirements of this 
subsection.''.
(d) Direct Recipient Status of Metropolitan Planning 
Organizations.--
(1) Direct recipient status.--Not later than 180 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
establish a process by which a metropolitan planning 
organization may qualify as a direct recipient of funds 
apportioned or made available under section 104(b)(6) of title 
23, United States Code.
(2) Process.--The process under paragraph (1)--
(A) shall ensure metropolitan planning 
organizations may apply on a rolling basis to become 
direct recipients under this subsection;
(B) shall evaluate whether a metropolitan planning 
organization qualifies as a direct recipient based on 
the legal, technical, and financial capacity of such 
organization to receive and appropriately manage 
Federal funding and funding requirements;
(C) may occur concurrently with the recertification 
process under section 134(k)(6) of title 23, United 
States Code; and
(D) shall, not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of the BUILD America 250 Act, establish a 
process to enable a direct recipient designated under 
this subsection to use a Federal-aid financial 
management system, subject to paragraph (4), in a 
manner similar to a State.
(3) Direct allocation of federal planning funds.--When the 
Secretary annually apportions or makes available funds 
described in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall directly 
allocate to any direct recipient designated under this 
subsection--
(A) contract authority apportioned under section 
104(b)(6) of title 23, United States Code, in an amount 
consistent with the allocation process under section 
104(d)(2) of such title for such direct recipient; and
(B) an amount of obligation authority distributed 
to the State for Federal-aid highways and highway 
safety construction programs that is equal to the 
amounts specified in subparagraph (A).
(4) Responsibilities.--As determined to be appropriate by 
the Secretary, a direct recipient of funds under this 
subsection shall be responsible for compliance with all legal 
requirements associated with such funding, including any 
requirements applicable to a State under section 106 of title 
23, United States Code.

SEC. 1114. HIGHWAY USE TAX EVASION PROJECTS.

Section 143(b)(2)(A) of title 23, United States Code, is amended by 
striking ``fiscal years 2022 through 2026'' and inserting ``fiscal 
years 2027 through 2031''.

SEC. 1115. NATIONAL BRIDGE AND TUNNEL INVENTORY AND INSPECTION 
STANDARDS.

(a) In General.--Section 144 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(1)(A) by striking ``the condition of 
the bridges'' and all that follows through ``bridge 
conditions'' and inserting ``the continuous improvement of 
bridge conditions in the United States'';
(2) in subsection (b)--
(A) in paragraph (3) by adding ``and'' at the end;
(B) in paragraph (4) by striking the semicolon at 
the end and inserting a period; and
(C) by striking paragraphs (5) and (6);
(3) in subsection (h)(4)--
(A) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``annually'' 
and inserting ``biennially''; and
(B) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``an annual'' 
and inserting ``a biennial''; and
(4) in subsection (j)--
(A) in paragraph (2) by striking ``or 133.'' and 
inserting ``, 124, or 133.'';
(B) in paragraph (3)(A) by striking ``or 133;'' and 
inserting ``, 124, or 133;'' and
(C) by striking paragraph (5).
(b) Conforming Regulations.--The Secretary shall revise subparts C 
and E of part 650 of subchapter G of chapter 1 of title 23, Code of 
Federal Regulations, as necessary to conform to the amendments made by 
subsection (a)(3).

SEC. 1116. CONSTRUCTION OF FERRY BOATS AND FERRY TERMINAL FACILITIES.

Section 147 of title 23, United States Code, is amended by striking 
subsection (h) and inserting the following:
``(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated out of the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
Account) to carry out this section--
``(1) $182,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(2) $184,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(3) $186,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(4) $189,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
``(5) $191,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.''.

SEC. 1117. HIGHWAY SAFETY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM.

(a) In General.--Section 148 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) in paragraph (4)(B)--
(i) by amending clause (xvi) to read as 
follows:
``(xvi) Installation of guardrails, 
barriers (including suicide barriers and 
barriers between construction work zones and 
traffic lanes for the safety of road users and 
roadway workers), and crash attenuators.'';
(ii) in clause (xxiii) by striking 
``section 1401 of the MAP-21'' and inserting 
``section 180'';
(iii) in clause (xxvii)--
(I) by inserting ``bollards,'' 
after ``medians,'';
(II) by striking ``and protected'' 
and inserting ``protected''; and
(III) by striking ``features.'' and 
inserting ``features, or infrastructure 
that connects 2 or more existing 
segments of such roadway 
improvements.'';
(iv) by redesignating clause (xxix) as 
clause (xxxii); and
(v) by inserting after clause (xxviii) the 
following:
``(xxix) The acquisition, development, or 
deployment of safety data and systems, 
including predictive analytics, telematics, and 
additional validated methodology tools.
``(xxx) The purchase, installation, and 
performance improvements of digital 
infrastructure technologies, including digital 
alerting systems and electronic ticketing (or 
e-ticketing) technology.
``(xxxi) A project or strategy described in 
a program developed pursuant to subsection 
(l)(2)(B).'';
(B) in paragraph (8) by inserting ``roadway worker 
or'' after ``, including a''; and
(C) in paragraph (10) by striking ``traffic data'' 
and inserting ``other traffic data (including 
predictive analytics, telematics, and additional 
validated methodology tools used for risk modeling and 
planning)'';
(2) in subsection (c)(2)--
(A) in subparagraph (A)--
(i) in clause (v) by striking ``; and'' and 
inserting a semicolon;
(ii) in clause (vi) by inserting ``and'' 
after the semicolon; and
(iii) by adding at the end the following:
``(vii) to evaluate project effectiveness 
using both post-crash data and predictive 
analytics, telematics, or additional validated 
methodology tools;'';
(B) in subparagraph (B)(i)--
(i) by inserting ``construction work 
zones,'' after ``roadside obstacles,''; and
(ii) by inserting ``, and roadway workers'' 
after ``pedestrians''; and
(C) in subparagraph (D)--
(i) in clause (iii)--
(I) by striking ``(including 
motorcyclists)'' and inserting ``, 
motorcyclists''; and
(II) by inserting ``roadway 
workers,'' after ``pedestrians,''; and
(ii) in clause (vi) by striking ``and 
pedestrians,'' and inserting ``pedestrians, and 
roadway workers,'';
(3) in subsection (d)(2)(A)(i) by inserting ``every 3 
years'' after ``of the State'';
(4) in subsection (g)(1)--
(A) by striking ``next fiscal year'' and inserting 
``next 3 fiscal years'';
(B) by inserting ``annual'' before ``amount equal 
to''; and
(C) by striking ``200'' and inserting ``300'';
(5) in subsection (h)(1)(C)--
(A) in clause (ii) by striking ``; and'' and 
inserting a semicolon;
(B) in clause (iii) by striking the period at the 
end and inserting ``; and''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(iv) the occurrences of fatalities and 
serious injuries at construction work zones.'';
(6) in subsection (l)(2)(A)--
(A) in clause (ii)--
(i) by striking ``of the locations''; and
(ii) by striking ``; and'' and inserting a 
semicolon;
(B) by redesignating clause (iii) as clause (iv); 
and
(C) by inserting after clause (ii) the following:
``(iii) considers the location of 
fatalities and serious injuries, including 
roadside obstacles, construction work zones, 
railway-highway crossing needs, the presence of 
or absence of dedicated infrastructure for 
vulnerable road users, and unmarked or poorly 
marked roads; and''; and
(7) in subsection (l)(2)(B) by striking ``subparagraph 
(A)(iii)'' and inserting ``subparagraph (A)(iv)''.
(b) Report.--In implementing the amendment to section 148(d)(2) of 
title 23, United States Code, the Secretary may permit a State to take 
such actions as are necessary to align the submission of the strategic 
highway safety plan with the submission of the triennial highway safety 
plan, pursuant to section 402(k) of title 23, United States Code.

SEC. 1118. CMAQ PROGRAM.

(a) In General.--Section 149 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in subsection (b)--
(A) in paragraph (10)(B) by striking ``or'' at the 
end;
(B) in paragraph (11)(B) by striking the period at 
the end and inserting a semicolon; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(12) if the project deploys advanced transportation and 
congestion management technologies that reduce traffic 
congestion or improve air quality; or
``(13) if the project supports digital infrastructure and 
reduces traffic congestion or improves traffic flow.'';
(2) in subsection (c) by adding at the end the following:
``(5) Reduction in minimum spending.--Notwithstanding any 
other provision of this section, a State--
``(A) may obligate funds apportioned under section 
104(b)(4) at any location in the State for projects 
described in section 151(f)(6) or section 151(f)(8)(D) 
at any location in the State;
``(B) shall consider for such projects the 
considerations described in section 151(f)(4)(A)(iii); 
and
``(C) shall obligate not less than the following 
amounts of such funds for such projects:
``(i) 10 percent of funds in fiscal year 
2027.
``(ii) 9 percent of funds in fiscal year 
2028.
``(iii) 8 percent of funds in fiscal year 
2029.
``(iv) 7 percent of funds in fiscal year 
2030.'';
(3) in subsection (i)(2)--
(A) in subparagraph (C) by inserting ``, including 
by considering the cost-effectiveness of a project as 
it relates to improving air quality and incorporating 
any recommendations made by the Secretary'' after 
``subsection (l)''; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
``(D) Updates.--The Secretary, in consultation with 
the Administrator, shall update the table described in 
subparagraph (A) not less frequently than once every 2 
years.''; and
(4) in subsection (k)(1) by amending subparagraph (B) to 
read as follows:
``(B) to the extent practicable, prioritize 
benefits to populations living in, or immediately 
adjacent to, such area.''.
(b) Notification.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall 
provide written notification to State transportation departments and 
relevant metropolitan planning organizations regarding--
(1) information about the cost-effectiveness of projects 
obtained through the evaluation conducted pursuant to section 
149(i)(2) of title 23, United States Code; and
(2) the requirement under subparagraph (C) of such section 
that States and metropolitan planning organizations shall 
consider such information when selecting projects.
(c) Repeals.--Sections 11402 and 11406 of the Infrastructure 
Investment and Jobs Act (23 U.S.C. 149 note), and the items relating to 
such section in the table of contents under section 1(b) of such Act, 
are repealed.

SEC. 1119. SAFE STREETS AND ROADS FOR ALL GRANT PROGRAM.

(a) In General.--Section 24112 of the Infrastructure Investment and 
Jobs Act (23 U.S.C. 402 note) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) by striking ``, commonly referred to as a 
`Vision Zero' or `Toward Zero Deaths' plan,''; 
and
(ii) in subparagraph (E) by striking ``, 
including the means by which that effectiveness 
will be reported to residents in a locality''; 
and
(B) in paragraph (2)--
(i) in subparagraph (B) by inserting ``or 
territory'' after ``State'';
(ii) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as 
subparagraph (E);
(iii) by inserting after subparagraph (C) 
the following:
``(D) the District of Columbia;''; and
(iv) in subparagraph (E), as so 
redesignated, by striking ``subparagraphs (A) 
through (C)'' and inserting ``subparagraphs (A) 
through (D)'';
(2) in subsection (b)--
(A) by inserting ``, acting through the 
Administrator of the Federal Highway Administration,'' 
after ``Secretary''; and
(B) by striking ``, commonly referred to as `Vision 
Zero' or `Toward Zero Deaths' initiatives'';
(3) in subsection (c)(2)--
(A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``less than 40 
percent'' and inserting ``more than 5 percent''; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
``(C) Rural set-aside.--Of the total amount made 
available to carry out the program for each fiscal 
year, not less than 30 percent shall be awarded for 
grants for eligible projects located in areas with a 
population of 50,000 or fewer.
``(D) Prioritization.--The Secretary shall 
prioritize applicants that have developed a 
comprehensive safety action plan when selecting 
projects under subparagraphs (B) and (C) of subsection 
(a)(3).'';
(4) in subsection (d)(3)--
(A) in subparagraph (A) by inserting ``roadway 
workers,'' after ``pedestrians,''; and
(B) in subparagraph (E)--
(i) by striking ``, or will ensure, 
equitable''; and
(ii) by inserting ``rural or'' after 
``safety needs of'';
(5) in subsection (e) by striking ``80'' and inserting 
``90'';
(6) in subsection (f)(1) by striking ``fiscal years 2022 
through 2026'' and inserting ``fiscal years 2027 through 
2031''; and
(7) in subsection (h) by striking ``120 days'' and 
inserting ``1 year''.
(b) Transfer.--
(1) In general.--Section 24112 of the Infrastructure 
Investment and Jobs Act (23 U.S.C. 402 note), as amended by 
subsection (a), is transferred to appear after section 154 of 
title 23, United States Code, and redesignated as section 155.
(2) Clerical amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of 
title 23, United States Code, is amended by striking the item 
relating to section 155 and inserting the following:

``155. Safe streets and roads for all grant program.''.
(3) Conforming amendment.--The table of contents for the 
Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (Public Law 117-58) in 
section 1(b) of such Act is amended by striking the item 
relating to section 24112.

SEC. 1120. TERRITORIAL AND PUERTO RICO HIGHWAY PROGRAM.

(a) In General.--Section 165(a) of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by striking paragraphs (1) and (2) and inserting the following:
``(1) for the Puerto Rico highway program under subsection 
(b)--
``(A) $191,000,000 shall be for fiscal year 2027;
``(B) $195,000,000 shall be for fiscal year 2028;
``(C) $199,000,000 shall be for fiscal year 2029;
``(D) $203,000,000 shall be for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(E) $207,000,000 shall be for fiscal year 2031; 
and
``(2) for the territorial highway program under subsection 
(c)--
``(A) $51,200,000 shall be for fiscal year 2027;
``(B) $52,400,000 shall be for fiscal year 2028;
``(C) $53,600,000 shall be for fiscal year 2029;
``(D) $54,800,000 shall be for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(E) $56,000,000 shall be for fiscal year 2031.''.
(b) Location of Projects.--Section 165(c)(7) of title 23, United 
States Code, is further amended by striking ``paragraphs (1), (2), (3), 
and (5) of''.

SEC. 1121. HOV FACILITIES.

Section 166 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (b)--
(A) in paragraph (3)(C) by striking ``serving the 
public'' and inserting ``in scheduled or charter 
service''; and
(B) in paragraph (5)(A) by striking ``2025'' and 
inserting ``2031''; and
(2) in subsection (f) by adding at the end the following:
``(7) Charter service.--The term `charter service' has the 
meaning given the term in section 604.3 of title 49, Code of 
Federal Regulations.''.

SEC. 1122. NATIONAL HIGHWAY FREIGHT AND HIGH PRIORITY CORRIDOR PROGRAM.

(a) In General.--Section 167 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in the section heading by inserting ``and high priority 
corridor'' after ``freight'';
(2) in subsection (a)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``under this 
section to ensure that the Network provides'' and 
inserting ``under this section and high priority 
corridors identified under section 1105 of the 
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 
1991 (105 Stat. 2031) to ensure that the Network and 
high priority corridors provide''; and
(B) in paragraph (2) by striking ``with this 
section to improve the efficient movement of freight on 
the National Highway Freight Network.'' and inserting 
``with this section to--
``(A) improve the efficient movement of freight on 
the National Highway Freight Network; and
``(B) improve high priority corridors to meet the 
design standards and specifications of the Interstate 
System and connect to the existing Interstate 
System.'';
(3) in subsection (b)--
(A) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (7) as 
paragraphs (3) through (8), respectively; and
(B) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
``(2) to increase the capacity of the National Highway 
Freight Network to improve freight transportation, including 
through improving and increasing the capacity of the Interstate 
System and the improvement of high priority corridors;'';
(4) in subsection (c)(2)--
(A) in subparagraph (C) by striking ``and'' at the 
end;
(B) in subparagraph (D) by striking the period and 
inserting ``; and''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(E) high priority corridors identified under 
section 1105 of the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
Efficiency Act of 1991 (105 Stat. 2031).'';
(5) in subsection (d)(2)--
(A) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``3 percent'' 
and inserting ``5 percent''; and
(B) in subparagraph (E)--
(i) by redesignating clauses (vi) through 
(xi) as clauses (vii) through (xii), 
respectively; and
(ii) by inserting after clause (v) the 
following:
``(vi) the movement of agricultural 
products and access to agriculture 
facilities;'';
(6) in subsection (e)--
(A) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as 
paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively;
(B) in paragraph (1) by striking ``A State'' and 
all that follows through ``and--'' and inserting ``A 
State shall designate critical rural freight corridors 
within the border of the State.
``(2) Requirements for designation.--A State may designate 
a public road as a critical freight corridor, pursuant to 
paragraph (1), if such road is not in an urbanized area and--
''; and
(C) in paragraph (4), as so redesignated, by 
striking ``paragraph (2)'' and inserting ``paragraph 
(3)'';
(7) in subsection (h)--
(A) in paragraph (3)--
(i) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``2 
percent'' and inserting ``2.5 percent''; and
(ii) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``2 
percent'' and inserting ``2.5 percent''; and
(B) in paragraph (5)--
(i) in subparagraph (B)--
(I) by striking clause (iii) and 
inserting the following:
``(iii) for the modernization or 
rehabilitation of a lock and dam, if the 
Secretary determines that the project is 
functionally connected to the National Highway 
Freight Network; and''; and
(II) in clause (iv) by striking 
``project--'' and all that follows 
through the period at the end and 
inserting ``project is functionally 
connected to the National Highway 
Freight Network.''; and
(ii) in subparagraph (C)--
(I) in clause (iii) by striking 
``Intelligent transportation systems'' 
and inserting ``Digital infrastructure, 
intelligent transportation systems,'';
(II) in clause (xi) by striking 
``section 1401 of MAP-21 (23 U.S.C. 137 
note)'' and inserting ``section 180'';
(III) by redesignating clauses 
(xxii) and (xxiii) as clauses (xxiv) 
and (xxv), respectively;
(IV) by inserting after clause 
(xxi) the following:
``(xxii) A highway or bridge project to 
improve or increase the capacity of the 
National Highway Freight Network, including by 
increasing the capacity of the Interstate 
System.
``(xxiii) A highway or bridge project to 
improve a high priority corridor, including a 
project to improve facilities to meet design 
standards and specifications for the Interstate 
System.''; and
(V) in clause (xxiv), as so 
redesignated, by striking ``clauses (i) 
through (xxi)'' and inserting ``clauses 
(i) through (xxiii)''; and
(8) in subsection (j)(1)(A)(ii) by striking ``ports-of 
entry'' and inserting ``ports of entry''.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 
167 and inserting the following:

``167. National highway freight and high priority corridor program.''.

SEC. 1123. WILDLIFE CROSSINGS PILOT PROGRAM.

Section 171 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a) by striking ``public interest 
because'' and all that follows through the period at the end 
and inserting ``public interest.'';
(2) in subsection (b)(1) by striking ``collisions; and'' 
and inserting ``collisions, including through--
``(A) construction projects; and
``(B) non-construction projects (including planning 
and research); and'';
(3) in subsection (e)--
(A) by striking subparagraph (D); and
(B) by redesignating subparagraphs (E) and (F) as 
subparagraphs (D) and (E), respectively;
(4) in subsection (g) by striking ``60 percent'' and 
inserting ``75 percent'';
(5) by redesignating subsection (i) as subsection (j); and
(6) by striking subsection (h) and inserting the following:
``(h) Limitation.--Of the amounts made available to carry out the 
pilot program each fiscal year, not more than 5 percent may be used for 
non-construction activities described in subsection (b)(1)(B).
``(i) Reports.--The Secretary shall submit to Congress an annual 
report through fiscal year 2031 that includes--
``(1) a detailed description of activities carried out 
under the pilot program;
``(2) an evaluation of the effectiveness of the pilot 
program in meeting the purposes described in subsection (b); 
and
``(3) policy recommendations to improve the effectiveness 
of the pilot program.''.

SEC. 1124. SURFACE TRANSPORTATION ACCELERATOR GRANT PROGRAM.

Section 173 of title 23, United States Code, is amended to read as 
follows:

``SEC. 173 SURFACE TRANSPORTATION ACCELERATOR GRANT PROGRAM.

``(a) In General.--There is established a rural, urban, local, and 
regional surface transportation grant program, which shall consist of 
the programs established under subsections (c), (d), and (e) to provide 
financial assistance for projects eligible under such subsections.
``(b) Administrative Provisions.--
``(1) Grant administration.--The Secretary may--
``(A) retain not more than a total of 2 percent of 
the funds made available to carry out this section and 
to review applications for grants under this section; 
and
``(B) transfer portions of the funds retained under 
subparagraph (A) to the relevant Administrators to fund 
the award and oversight of grants provided under this 
section.
``(2) Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
this section, an eligible entity under subsections (c), (d), or 
(e) shall submit to the Secretary an application in such form, 
at such time, and containing such information as the Secretary 
may require.
``(3) Eligible project costs.--An eligible entity may use 
funds from a grant under this section for--
``(A) development phase activities, including 
planning, feasibility analysis, revenue forecasting, 
environmental review, preliminary engineering and 
design work, and other preconstruction activities; and
``(B) construction, reconstruction, rehabilitation, 
acquisition of real property (including land related to 
the project and improvements to the land), 
environmental mitigation, construction contingencies, 
acquisition of equipment, and operational improvements.
``(4) Grants.--
``(A) In general.--In carrying out this section, 
the Secretary may make grants to eligible entities, on 
a competitive basis, in accordance with this section.
``(B) Set-asides.--Of amounts made available to 
carry out this section for each fiscal year--
``(i) 25 percent shall be for grants under 
the rural surface transportation grant program 
under subsection (c);
``(ii) 25 percent shall be for grants under 
the urban surface transportation grant program 
under subsection (d); and
``(iii) 50 percent shall be for grants 
under the local and regional surface 
transportation grant program under subsection 
(e).
``(5) Federal share.--
``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
subparagraph (B), the Federal share of the cost of a 
project carried out with a grant administered under 
this section may not exceed 80 percent.
``(B) Exceptions.--
``(i) The Federal share of the cost of an 
eligible project that furthers the completion 
of a designated segment of the Appalachian 
Development Highway System under section 14501 
of title 40, or addresses a surface 
transportation infrastructure need identified 
for the Denali access system program under 
section 309 of the Denali Commission Act of 
1998 (42 U.S.C. 3121 note; Public Law 105-277) 
shall be up to 100 percent, as determined by 
the State.
``(ii) The Federal share of the cost of an 
eligible project for a grant carried out in an 
area of persistent poverty (as defined in 
section 6702(a) of title 49) may exceed 80 
percent, at the discretion of the Secretary.
``(C) Use of other federal assistance.--Federal 
assistance other than a grant under the program may be 
used to satisfy the non-Federal share of the cost of a 
project carried out with a grant under the program.
``(D) Additional requirements.--
``(i) Modal requirements.--
``(I) In general.--Except as 
otherwise provided in subclause (II), 
projects funded under this section 
shall be treated as projects on a 
Federal-aid highway under this chapter.
``(II) Exceptions.--The Secretary 
shall--
``(aa) for a transit 
project, apply the requirements 
of chapter 53 of title 49;
``(bb) for a rail project, 
apply the requirements of 
section 22905 of title 49.
``(ii) Multimodal projects.--
``(I) In general.--Except as 
otherwise provided in this clause, if 
an eligible project is a multimodal 
project, the Secretary shall--
``(aa) determine the 
predominant modal component of 
the project; and
``(bb) apply the applicable 
requirements described in item 
(aa) of the predominant modal 
component to the project.
``(II) Exceptions.--
``(aa) Passenger or freight 
rail component.--The 
requirements of section 22905 
of title 49 shall apply to any 
passenger or freight rail 
component of a project.
``(bb) Public 
transportation component.--The 
requirements of section 5333 of 
title 49 shall apply to any 
public transportation component 
of a project.
``(6) Congressional review.--Not later than 3 days before 
providing a grant under this section, the Secretary shall 
submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of 
the House of Representatives and Committee on Environment and 
Public Works of the Senate--
``(A) a list of all applications determined to be 
eligible for a grant by the Secretary;
``(B) each application proposed to be selected for 
a grant, including a justification for the selection; 
and
``(C) proposed grant amounts.
``(7) Transparency.--
``(A) In general.--Not later than 30 days after 
providing a grant for a project under this section, the 
Secretary shall provide to all applicants, and publish 
on the website of the Department of Transportation, the 
information described in paragraph (6).
``(B) Briefing.--The Secretary shall provide, on 
the request of an eligible entity, the opportunity to 
receive a briefing to explain any reasons the eligible 
entity was not selected to receive a grant under this 
section.
``(C) Treatment.--Assistance provided under 
subparagraph (B) shall not be considered a guarantee of 
future selection of an applicable project under the 
program.
``(8) Annual report.--The Secretary shall make available on 
the website of the Department of Transportation at the end of 
each fiscal year an annual report that lists each project for 
which a grant has been provided under this section during that 
fiscal year.
``(9) Treatment of projects.--Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, a project assisted under this section shall 
be treated as a project on a Federal-aid highway under this 
chapter.
``(10) Pre-award authority.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide pre-
award authority for eligible pre-award activities to 
permit expenses to be incurred by a recipient during 
the period beginning on the date on which the recipient 
is selected and ending on the date on which the grant 
agreement is signed.
``(B) Eligible pre-award activities.--The Secretary 
shall make publicly available in the notice of funding 
opportunity the eligible pre-award activities for an 
award under this section which shall be similar in 
nature to eligible pre-award activities granted to 
applicants under section 5309 of title 49.
``(c) Rural Surface Transportation Grants.--
``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
``(A) Program.--The term `program' means the 
program established under paragraph (2)(A).
``(B) Covered rural area.--The term `covered rural 
area' means an area that is outside an urban area with 
a population of over 50,000.
``(2) Establishment.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
rural surface transportation grant program to provide 
grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible entities to 
improve and expand the surface transportation 
infrastructure in covered rural areas.
``(B) Goals.--The goals of the program shall be--
``(i) to increase connectivity;
``(ii) to improve the safety and 
reliability of the movement of people and 
freight; and
``(iii) to generate regional economic 
growth and improve quality of life in covered 
rural areas.
``(3) Eligible entities.--The Secretary may make a grant 
under the program to--
``(A) a State;
``(B) a regional transportation planning 
organization;
``(C) a unit of local government;
``(D) a Tribal government or a consortium of Tribal 
governments; and
``(E) a multijurisdictional group of entities 
described in subparagraphs (A) through (D).
``(4) Eligible projects.--
``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
subparagraph (B), the Secretary may make a grant under 
the program only for a project that is--
``(i) a highway, bridge, or tunnel project 
eligible under section 119(d);
``(ii) a highway, bridge, or tunnel project 
eligible under section 133(b);
``(iii) a project eligible under section 
202(a);
``(iv) a highway freight project eligible 
under section 167(h)(5);
``(v) a highway safety improvement project, 
including a project to improve a high risk 
rural road (as those terms are defined in 
section 148(a));
``(vi) a project on a publicly-owned 
highway, road, or bridge that provides or 
increases access to an agricultural, 
commercial, energy, water storage or intermodal 
facility that supports the economy of a covered 
rural area; or
``(vii) a project to develop, establish, or 
maintain an integrated mobility management 
system, a transportation demand management 
system, or on-demand mobility services.
``(B) Bundling of eligible projects.--
``(i) In general.--An eligible entity may 
bundle 2 or more similar eligible projects 
under the program that are--
``(I) included as a bundled project 
in a statewide transportation 
improvement program under section 135; 
and
``(II) awarded to a single 
contractor or consultant pursuant to a 
contract for engineering and design or 
construction between the contractor and 
the eligible entity.
``(ii) Itemization.--Notwithstanding any 
other provision of law (including regulations), 
a bundling of eligible projects under this 
paragraph may be considered to be a single 
project, including for purposes of section 135.
``(5) Project requirements.--The Secretary may provide a 
grant under the program to an eligible project only if the 
Secretary determines that the project--
``(A) will generate regional economic, mobility, or 
safety benefits;
``(B) will be cost effective;
``(C) will contribute to the accomplishment of 1 or 
more of the national goals under section 150;
``(D) is based on the results of preliminary 
engineering; and
``(E) is reasonably expected to begin construction 
not later than 18 months after the date of obligation 
of funds for the project.
``(6) Additional considerations.--In providing grants under 
the program, the Secretary shall consider the extent to which 
an eligible project will--
``(A) improve the state of good repair of existing 
transportation facilities;
``(B) increase the capacity or connectivity of the 
surface transportation system and improve mobility for 
residents of covered rural areas;
``(C) address economic development and job creation 
challenges;
``(D) enhance recreational and tourism 
opportunities by providing access to Federal land, 
national parks, national forests, national recreation 
areas, national wildlife refuges, wilderness areas, or 
State parks;
``(E) contribute to geographic diversity among 
grant recipients;
``(F) utilize innovative project delivery 
approaches or incorporate transportation technologies;
``(G) coordinate with projects to address broadband 
infrastructure needs; or
``(H) improve access to emergency care, essential 
services, healthcare providers, or drug and alcohol 
treatment and rehabilitation resources.
``(I) address disaster preparedness, resilience, or 
support an evacuation route (as such term is defined in 
section 176(a));
``(J) support the movement of agricultural products 
through and from covered rural areas, including by 
improving or rebuilding bridges (including improvements 
that allow for the removal or increase of a posted 
weight restriction);
``(K) support access to Federal or Tribal lands;
``(L) support access to utility infrastructure, 
including energy infrastructure or water storage 
facilities; and
``(M) improve the seismic safety or structural 
resilience of transportation infrastructure located in 
areas of high seismic risk.
``(7) Grant amount.--Except as provided in paragraph 
(8)(A), a grant under the program shall be in an amount that is 
not less than $5,000,000.
``(8) Set asides.--
``(A) Small projects.--The Secretary shall use not 
more than 10 percent of the amounts made available for 
the program for each fiscal year to provide grants for 
eligible projects in an amount that is less than 
$5,000,000.
``(B) Appalachian development highway system.--The 
Secretary shall reserve no more than 15 percent of the 
amounts made available for the program for each fiscal 
year for eligible projects that further the completion 
of designated routes of the Appalachian Development 
Highway System under section 14501 of title 40.
``(C) Rural roadway lane departures.--The Secretary 
shall reserve 15 percent of the amounts made available 
for the program for each fiscal year to provide grants 
for eligible projects located in States that have rural 
roadway fatalities as a result of lane departures that 
are greater than the average of rural roadway 
fatalities as a result of lane departures in the United 
States, based on the latest available data from the 
Secretary.
``(D) Movement of agricultural products from rural 
areas.--The Secretary shall reserve 10 percent of the 
amounts made available for the program for each fiscal 
year to provide grants for eligible projects that 
support the movement of agricultural products from 
covered rural areas.
``(E) Projects in small communities.--The Secretary 
shall reserve 5 percent of the amounts made available 
for the program for each fiscal year to provide grants 
for eligible projects in areas with a population of not 
more than 5,000.
``(F) Excess funding.--In any fiscal year in which 
qualified applications for grants under this subsection 
do not allow for the amounts reserved under 
subparagraphs (A) through (E) to be fully utilized, the 
Secretary shall use the unutilized amounts to make 
other grants under the program.
``(d) Urban Surface Transportation Grants.--
``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
``(A) Program.--The term `program' means the 
program established under paragraph (2)(A).
``(B) Covered urban area.--The term `covered urban 
area' means an area with a population of not less than 
50,000.
``(2) Establishment.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish an 
urban surface transportation grant program to provide 
grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible entities to 
improve and expand the surface transportation 
infrastructure in urban areas.
``(B) Goals.--The goals of the program shall be--
``(i) to increase connectivity;
``(ii) to improve the safety and 
reliability of the movement of people and 
freight; and
``(iii) to generate regional economic 
growth and improve quality of life in urban 
areas.
``(3) Eligible entities.--The Secretary may make a grant 
under the program to--
``(A) a State;
``(B) the District of Columbia;
``(C) any territory or possession of the United 
States;
``(D) a unit of local government;
``(E) a public agency or publicly chartered 
authority established by 1 or more States;
``(F) a special purpose district or public 
authority with a transportation function or a lessee of 
a Federal surface transportation hub, including a port 
authority;
``(G) a transit agency;
``(H) a Tribal government or a consortium of Tribal 
governments; and
``(I) a multi-State or multijurisdictional group of 
entities described in any of subparagraphs (A) through 
(H).
``(4) Eligible projects.--
``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
subparagraph (B), the Secretary may make a grant under 
the program only for a project that is--
``(i) a surface transportation project 
eligible under this title;
``(ii) a public transportation project 
eligible for assistance under chapter 53 of 
title 49;
``(iii) a passenger rail or freight rail 
transportation project eligible for assistance 
under title 49;
``(iv) a project eligible under section 
6702 and 6703 of title 49;
``(v) a project eligible for a grant 
program established under subtitle E of title I 
of the Surface Transportation Reauthorization 
Act of 2021 (135 Stat. 578 et. seq.); or
``(vi) a project to develop, establish, or 
maintain an integrated mobility management 
system, a transportation demand management 
system, or on-demand mobility services.
``(B) Bundling of eligible projects.--
``(i) In general.--An eligible entity may 
bundle 2 or more similar eligible projects 
under the program that are--
``(I) included as a bundled project 
in a statewide transportation 
improvement program under section 135; 
and
``(II) awarded to a single 
contractor or consultant pursuant to a 
contract for engineering and design or 
construction between the contractor and 
the eligible entity.
``(ii) Itemization.--Notwithstanding any 
other provision of law (including regulations), 
a bundling of eligible projects under this 
paragraph may be considered to be a single 
project, including for purposes of section 135.
``(5) Project requirements.--The Secretary may provide a 
grant under the program to an eligible project only if the 
Secretary determines that the project--
``(A) will generate regional economic, mobility, or 
safety benefits;
``(B) will be cost effective;
``(C) will contribute to the accomplishment of 1 or 
more of the national goals under section 150;
``(D) is based on the results of preliminary 
engineering; and
``(E) is reasonably expected to begin construction 
not later than 18 months after the date of obligation 
of funds for the project.
``(6) Additional considerations.--In providing grants under 
the program, the Secretary shall consider the extent to which 
an eligible project will--
``(A) improve the state of good repair of existing 
transportation facilities;
``(B) increase surface transportation system or 
local connectivity and improve mobility for residents 
of urban areas;
``(C) address economic development and job creation 
challenges;
``(D) contribute to geographic diversity among 
grant recipients;
``(E) improve safety, including the anticipated 
reduction of accidents and related costs;
``(F) include resilience benefits against natural 
disasters, including the ability to withstand 
disruptions from a seismic event;
``(G) incorporate environmental benefits;
``(H) provide safety and mobility benefits to 
multiple users of the project;
``(I) utilize innovative project delivery 
approaches or incorporate transportation technologies; 
or
``(J) improve access to emergency care, essential 
services, healthcare providers, or drug and alcohol 
treatment and rehabilitation resources, or a facility 
or organization that provides community support 
services.
``(7) Grant amount.--Except as provided in paragraph 
(8)(A), a grant under the program shall be in an amount that is 
not less than $5,000,000.
``(8) Set asides.--
``(A) Small projects.--The Secretary shall use not 
more than 10 percent of the amounts made available for 
the program for each fiscal year to provide grants for 
eligible projects in an amount that is less than 
$5,000,000.
``(B) Areas of persistent poverty.--Of the total 
amount made available to carry out the program for each 
fiscal year, not less than 1 percent shall be awarded 
for projects in areas of persistent poverty (as defined 
in section 6702(a) of title 49).
``(e) Local and Regional Surface Transportation Grants.--
``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
``(A) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' 
means--
``(i) a State;
``(ii) the District of Columbia;
``(iii) any territory or possession of the 
United States;
``(iv) a unit of local government;
``(v) a public agency or publicly chartered 
authority established by 1 or more States;
``(vi) a special purpose district or public 
authority with a transportation function or a 
lessee of a Federal surface transportation hub, 
including a port authority;
``(vii) a federally recognized Indian Tribe 
or a consortium of such Indian Tribes;
``(viii) a transit agency; and
``(ix) a multi-State or multijurisdictional 
group of entities described in any of clauses 
(i) through (viii).
``(B) Eligible project.--The term `eligible 
project' means--
``(i) a highway or bridge project eligible 
for assistance under this title, including--
``(I) improvement of a high 
priority corridor to meet the design 
standards and specifications of the 
Interstate System and connect to the 
existing Interstate System; and
``(II) infrastructure improvements 
to address freight bottlenecks;
``(ii) a public transportation project 
eligible for assistance under chapter 53 of 
title 49;
``(iii) a passenger rail or freight rail 
transportation project eligible for assistance 
under title 49;
``(iv) a port infrastructure investment, 
including--
``(I) inland port infrastructure; 
and
``(II) a land port-of-entry;
``(v) the surface transportation components 
of an airport project eligible for assistance 
under part B of subtitle VII of title 49;
``(vi) a project for investment in a 
surface transportation facility located on 
Tribal land, the title or maintenance 
responsibility of which is vested in the 
Federal Government;
``(vii) a project to replace or 
rehabilitate a culvert or prevent stormwater 
runoff that is eligible under section 176(d) 
and will advance the goal of the program 
established under this subsection; and
``(viii) any other surface transportation 
infrastructure project that the Secretary 
considers to be necessary to advance the goal 
of the program.
``(C) Program.--The term `program' means the 
program established under paragraph (2)(A).
``(D) Specified rural area.--The term `specified 
rural area' means an area that is located outside of a 
specified urban area.
``(E) Specified urban area.--The term `specified 
urban area' means an area with a population of more 
than 200,000 residents, based on the most recent 
decennial census.
``(2) Establishment.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish 
and carry out a local and regional surface 
transportation grant program to provide for capital 
investments in surface transportation infrastructure on 
a competitive basis.
``(B) Goal.--The goal of the program shall be to 
fund eligible projects that will have a significant 
local or regional impact and improve surface 
transportation infrastructure.
``(3) Grants.--
``(A) Amount.--Except as otherwise provided in this 
subsection, each grant made under this subsection shall 
be in an amount equal to--
``(i) not less than $5,000,000 for a 
specified urban area;
``(ii) not less than $1,000,000 for a 
specified rural area; and
``(iii) not more than $25,000,000.
``(B) Limitation.--Not more than 15 percent of the 
funds made available to carry out this subsection for a 
fiscal year may be awarded to eligible projects in a 
single State during such fiscal year.
``(4) Selection of eligible projects.--
``(A) Notice of funding opportunity.--Not later 
than 60 days after the date on which funds are made 
available to carry out this subsection, the Secretary 
shall publish a notice of funding opportunity for the 
funds.
``(B) Primary selection criteria.--In awarding 
grants under this subsection, the Secretary shall 
evaluate the extent to which a project--
``(i) improves safety;
``(ii) improves environmental 
sustainability;
``(iii) improves quality of life;
``(iv) increases economic competitiveness 
and opportunity, including tourism 
opportunities;
``(v) contributes to a state of good 
repair; and
``(vi) improves mobility and community 
connectivity.
``(C) Additional selection considerations.--In 
selecting projects to receive grants under the program, 
the Secretary shall take into consideration the extent 
to which--
``(i) the eligible entity collaborated with 
other public and private entities;
``(ii) the project adopts innovative 
technologies or techniques, including--
``(I) innovative technology;
``(II) innovative project delivery 
techniques; and
``(III) innovative project 
financing;
``(iii) construction of the project is 
reasonably expected to begin not later than 18 
months after the date on which the project is 
selected;
``(iv) the eligible entity includes 
documentation certifying such entity has 
notified a State transportation department if 
the project is located on a State-owned or 
State-managed facility; and
``(v) the project is cost effective.
``(D) Limitation.--In awarding grants under the 
program, the Secretary shall select grant recipients 
based only on the selection criteria described in 
subparagraphs (C) and (D).
``(E) Transparency.--
``(i) In general.--The Secretary, shall 
evaluate, through a methodology that is 
discernible and transparent to the public, the 
means by which each application submitted under 
paragraph (4) addresses the criteria under 
subparagraphs (C) or (D) of such paragraph or 
otherwise established by the Secretary.
``(ii) Publication.--The methodology under 
clause (i) shall be published by the Secretary 
as part of the notice of funding opportunity 
under the program.
``(F) Awards.--Not later than 270 days after the 
date on which amounts are made available to provide 
grants under the program for a fiscal year, the 
Secretary shall announce the selection by the Secretary 
of eligible projects to receive the grants in 
accordance with this section.
``(5) Treatment of other federal funds.--Amounts provided 
under any of the following programs shall be considered to be a 
part of the non-Federal share for a project under this 
subsection:
``(A) The tribal transportation program under 
section 202.
``(B) The Federal lands transportation program 
under section 203.
``(C) The TIFIA program (as defined in section 
601(a)).
``(D) The Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement 
Financing Program under chapter 224 of title 49.
``(6) Other considerations.--
``(A) In general.--Of the total amount made 
available to carry out the program under this 
subsection for each fiscal year--
``(i) not more than 50 percent shall be 
allocated for eligible projects located in 
specified rural areas; and
``(ii) not more than 50 percent shall be 
allocated for eligible projects located in 
specified urban areas.
``(B) Projects for regional hubs.--Of the total 
amount made available for eligible projects under 
subparagraph (A)(i) for each fiscal year, the Secretary 
shall reserve 10 percent for eligible projects located 
in communities with a population between 50,000 and 
100,000.
``(C) Areas of persistent poverty.--Of the total 
amount made available to carry out the program for each 
fiscal year, not less than 1 percent shall be awarded 
for projects in areas of persistent poverty (as defined 
in section 6702(a) of title 49).
``(D) Multimodal and geographical considerations.--
In selecting projects to receive grants under the 
program, the Secretary shall take into consideration 
geographical and modal diversity.
``(7) Project planning.--
``(A) In general.--Of the amounts made available to 
carry out the program for each fiscal year, not less 
than 5 percent shall be made available for the 
planning, preparation, or design of eligible projects.
``(B) Nonapplicability of certain limitations.--
Clauses (i) and (ii) of paragraph (3)(A) shall not 
apply with respect to amounts made available for 
planning, preparation, or design under subparagraph 
(A).
``(8) Transfer of authority.--Of the amounts made available 
to carry out the program for each fiscal year, the 
Administrator may transfer not more than 2 percent for a fiscal 
year to the Administrator of any of the Federal Transit 
Administration, the Federal Railroad Administration, or the 
Maritime Administration to award and oversee grants and credit 
assistance in accordance with this subsection.
``(9) Credit program costs.--
``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), at 
the request of an eligible entity, the Secretary may 
use a grant provided to the eligible entity under the 
program to pay the subsidy or credit risk premium, and 
the administrative costs, of an eligible project that 
is eligible for Federal credit assistance under--
``(i) chapter 6; or
``(ii) chapter 224 of title 49.
``(B) Limitation.--Not more than 20 percent of the 
funds made available to carry out the program for a 
fiscal year may be used to carry out subparagraph (A).
``(10) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date on 
which the initial grants are awarded for eligible projects 
under the program, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall--
``(A) review the administration of the program, 
including--
``(i) the solicitation process; and
``(ii) the selection process, including--
``(I) the adequacy and fairness of 
the process; and
``(II) the selection criteria; and
``(B) submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and 
Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate 
a report describing the findings of the review under 
subparagraph (A), including recommendations for 
improving the administration of the program, if any.''.

SEC. 1125. REPEAL OF PROGRAM.

(a) Repeal.--Section 175 of title 23, United States Code, is 
repealed.
(b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 
of title 23, United States Code, is amended by striking the item 
relating to section 175.

SEC. 1126. PROTECT PROGRAM.

Section 176 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (b)(2)--
(A) by striking subparagraph (A); and
(B) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) and (C) as 
subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively;
(2) by striking subsection (c);
(3) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (c);
(4) in subsection (d) by striking ``In addition to funds 
apportioned to States under section 104(b)(8) to carry out 
activities under subsection (c), the'' and inserting ``The'';
(5) in subsection (e)--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) in subparagraph (A)--
(I) by striking ``A State that 
receives funds apportioned to the State 
under section 104(b)(8) or an'' and 
inserting ``An''; and
(II) by striking ``if the State or 
eligible entity'' and inserting ``if 
the eligible entity''; and
(ii) in subparagraph (B)--
(I) in clause (i) by striking 
``funds apportioned to a State under 
section 104(b)(8) or'';
(II) in clause (ii) by striking 
``carried out with funds under 
subsection (c) or a grant'' and 
inserting ``carried out with a grant''; 
and
(III) in clause (iii)--
(aa) in subclause (I) by 
striking ``carried out with 
funds under subsection (c) or a 
grant'' and inserting ``carried 
out with a grant''; and
(bb) in subclause (II) by 
striking ``funds under 
subsection (c) or''; and
(B) in paragraph (2)(D)(iv)(II) by striking 
``apportioned to the State under section 104(b)(8) 
or''; and
(6) in subsection (f)(1) by striking ``Not later than 18 
months after the date of enactment of this section, the'' and 
inserting ``The''.

SEC. 1127. CODIFICATION AND IMPROVEMENT OF JASON'S LAW.

(a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that it is a 
national priority to address projects under this section for the 
shortage of parking for commercial motor vehicles on the National 
Highway System to improve the safety of motorized and nonmotorized 
users and for commercial motor vehicle operators.
(b) Parking for Commercial Motor Vehicles.--Chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 180. Parking for commercial motor vehicles
``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
``(1) Commercial motor vehicle.--The term `commercial motor 
vehicle' has the meaning given such term in section 31132 of 
title 49.
``(2) Safety rest area.--The term `safety rest area' has 
the meaning given such term in section 120(c)(1).
``(b) Grant Authority.--The Secretary shall make grants, on a 
competitive basis, to eligible entities for projects to provide public 
parking for commercial motor vehicles and improve the safety of 
commercial motor vehicle drivers.
``(c) Eligible Entities.--
``(1) In general.--An entity eligible to receive a grant 
under this section is any of the following:
``(A) A State.
``(B) A metropolitan planning organization.
``(C) A unit of local government.
``(D) A political subdivision of a State or local 
government carrying out responsibilities relating to 
commercial motor vehicle parking.
``(E) A Tribal government or a consortium of Tribal 
governments.
``(F) A multistate or multijurisdictional group of 
entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (E).
``(2) Private sector participation.--An eligible entity 
that receives a grant under this section may partner with a 
private entity to carry out a project under this section.
``(d) Eligible Projects.--
``(1) In general.--An eligible entity may use a grant 
provided under this section for a project described in 
paragraph (2) that is on--
``(A) a Federal-aid highway; or
``(B) a facility with reasonable access (as 
described in section 658.19 of title 23, Code of 
Federal Regulations (or a successor regulation)) to--
``(i) a Federal-aid highway; or
``(ii) a freight facility.
``(2) Projects described.--A project referred to in 
paragraph (1) is a project--
``(A) to construct a safety rest area that includes 
parking for commercial motor vehicles;
``(B) to construct additional commercial motor 
vehicle parking capacity--
``(i) adjacent to a private commercial 
truck stop or travel plaza;
``(ii) within the boundaries of, or 
adjacent to, a publicly owned freight facility, 
including a port terminal operated by a public 
authority;
``(iii) at an existing facility, including 
an inspection or weigh station and a park-and-
ride location; or
``(iv) at another suitable facility, as 
determined by the eligible entity, in 
concurrence with the Secretary;
``(C) to reopen an existing weigh station, safety 
rest area, park-and-ride facility, or other government-
owned facility, that is not in use, for commercial 
motor vehicle parking;
``(D) to construct or make capital improvements to 
an existing public commercial motor vehicle parking 
facility to expand parking use and availability, 
including at a seasonal facility;
``(E) to identify, promote, and manage the 
availability of publicly and privately provided 
commercial motor vehicle parking, such as through the 
use of intelligent transportation systems;
``(F) to improve the personal safety of commercial 
motor vehicle drivers at a parking facility as part of 
a project described in subparagraphs (A) through (D);
``(G) to improve a parking facility, including 
through truck stop electrification systems, as part of 
a project described in subparagraphs (A) through (D);
``(H) to construct turnouts for commercial motor 
vehicles; or
``(I) to improve the geometric designs of 
interchanges to improve access to safety rest areas and 
commercial motor vehicle parking facilities.
``(e) Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant under this 
section, an eligible entity shall submit to the Secretary an 
application at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
information as the Secretary may require, including--
``(1) a description of the proposed project; and
``(2) any other information that the Secretary determines 
to be necessary.
``(f) Selection Criteria.--The Secretary may select a project to 
receive a grant under this section only if the Secretary determines 
that--
``(1) there is a shortage of commercial motor vehicle 
parking capacity in the corridor in which the project is 
located;
``(2) the eligible entity has consulted with motor 
carriers, commercial motor vehicle drivers, public safety 
officials, and private providers of commercial motor vehicle 
parking regarding the project;
``(3) the project will likely--
``(A) increase the availability or utilization of 
commercial motor vehicle parking;
``(B) facilitate the efficient movement of freight; 
or
``(C) improve highway safety, traffic congestion, 
and air quality; and
``(4) the eligible entity demonstrates the ability to 
provide for the maintenance and operation of the facility.
``(g) Additional Consideration.--To the maximum extent practicable, 
the Secretary shall select projects to receive grants under the program 
in a manner that--
``(1) prioritizes projects based on the severity of the 
commercial motor vehicle parking capacity shortage in the area 
and the degree to which such projects would alleviate such 
shortage; and
``(2) maximizes the geographic distribution among grant 
recipients, including a balance between the need of new 
commercial motor vehicle parking capacity across rural and 
urban communities.
``(h) Use of Funds.--
``(1) In general.--In accordance with the limitations in 
paragraph (2), an eligible entity may use a grant under this 
section for--
``(A) development phase activities, including 
planning, feasibility analysis, benefit-cost analysis, 
environmental review, preliminary engineering and 
design work, and other preconstruction activities 
necessary to advance a project under this section; and
``(B) construction and operational improvements.
``(2) Limitations.--
``(A) Planning and preliminary work.--An eligible 
entity may use not more than 20 percent of the amount 
of a grant under this section for activities described 
in paragraph (1)(A).
``(B) Parking availability management.--
``(i) In general.--Except as provided in 
clause (ii), not more than 10 percent of the 
amounts made available for each fiscal year for 
grants under this section may be used for 
projects described in subsection (d)(2)(E) that 
solely identify, promote, and manage the 
availability of existing commercial motor 
vehicle parking.
``(ii) Exception.--Clause (i) shall not 
apply to a project described in subsection 
(d)(2)(E) that is part of a larger project to 
expand commercial motor vehicle parking 
capacity.
``(3) Prohibition.--
``(A) In general.--No amounts made available to an 
eligible entity pursuant to this section may be used 
for construction or development phase activities that 
would enable the construction of charging or fueling 
infrastructure for the propulsion of a vehicle, 
including a commercial motor vehicle.
``(B) Savings provision.--Nothing in this paragraph 
limits the use of funds other than funds made available 
to carry out this section.
``(i) Requirements.--
``(1) Publicly accessible parking.--Commercial motor 
vehicle parking constructed, opened, or improved with funds 
from a grant under this section shall be open and accessible to 
all commercial motor vehicle drivers.
``(2) Prohibition on charging fees.--No fee may be charged 
by an eligible entity to a commercial motor vehicle driver to 
gain access to parking constructed, opened, maintained, or 
improved with a grant under this section.
``(j) Treatment of Projects.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
of law, a project carried out under this section shall be treated as a 
project on a Federal-aid highway under this chapter.
``(k) Period of Availability of Funds.--Amounts made available for 
a project under this section shall remain available for a period of 3 
years after the last day of the fiscal year in which the amounts are 
made available.
``(l) Survey and Comparative Assessment.--
``(1) In general.--Not later than 4 years after the date of 
enactment of this section, and every 2 years thereafter, the 
Secretary, in consultation with appropriate State motor carrier 
safety personnel, motor carriers, State departments of 
transportation, and private providers of commercial motor 
vehicle parking, shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public 
Works of the Senate a report that--
``(A) evaluates the availability of adequate 
parking and rest facilities, taking into account both 
private and public facilities, for commercial motor 
vehicles engaged in interstate transportation;
``(B) evaluates the effectiveness of the projects 
funded under this section in improving access to 
commercial motor vehicle parking;
``(C) evaluates the ability of recipients of a 
grant under this section to sustain the operation of 
parking facilities constructed with funds provided 
under this section; and
``(D) reports on the status of ongoing projects to 
provide adequate commercial motor vehicle parking 
facilities.
``(2) Results.--The Secretary shall make each report under 
paragraph (1) available to the public on the website of the 
Department of Transportation.
``(3) Alignment of reports.--In carrying out this 
subsection, the Secretary shall--
``(A) consider the results of the commercial motor 
vehicle parking facilities assessments of States under 
subsection (f) of section 70202 of title 49; and
``(B) seek to align the contents of each report 
under paragraph (1) and the submission and publication 
of such reports with the State freight plans developed 
and updated under such section.''.
(c) Clerical and Conforming Amendments.--
(1) Clerical amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of 
title 23, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end 
the following:

``180. Parking for commercial motor vehicles.''.
(2) Conforming amendment.--Section 1401 of MAP-21 (23 
U.S.C. 137 note), and the item relating to such provision in 
the table of contents under section 1(c) of such Act, are 
repealed.

SEC. 1128. CONSOLIDATED FUNDING PILOT PROGRAM.

(a) In General.--Chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, is 
further amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 181. Consolidated funding pilot program
``(a) In General.--Beginning in fiscal year 2028, the Secretary 
shall establish and carry out a pilot program to allow not more than 10 
States to receive the base apportionment for the State in a lump sum, 
to be obligated and expended in accordance with this section.
``(b) Criteria.--The Secretary shall develop criteria for the 
selection of a State to receive a block grant under this Act, including 
requiring that each recipient State--
``(1) meets minimum levels for the condition of pavement 
established by the Secretary under section 150(c)(3);
``(2) meets minimum levels for the condition for bridges on 
the National Highway System as described in section 119(f)(2);
``(3) uses a performance-based approach to transportation 
planning and programming for statewide and metropolitan 
planning areas to meet the requirements of sections 134, 135, 
and 150; and
``(4) meets recertification requirements for State asset 
management plans for the National Highway System as described 
in section 119(e).
``(c) Applications.--
``(1) Request.--The Secretary shall request applications 
for participation under this section in accordance with 
paragraph (2).
``(2) Contents.--An application submitted to the Secretary 
under this paragraph shall include a plan on how the State and 
each affected metropolitan planning organization will continue 
to meet, or make significant progress toward meeting, 
performance measures and standards under section 150(c).
``(d) Use of Block Grant Funds.--
``(1) Eligibility.--Funds made available to a State under 
this program shall be eligible for use for any project 
eligible--
``(A) under the national highway performance 
program under section 119;
``(B) under the surface transportation block grant 
program under section 133;
``(C) under the highway safety improvement program 
under section 148;
``(D) under the congestion mitigation and air 
quality improvement program under section 149;
``(E) for metropolitan planning under section 134; 
and
``(F) under the national highway freight and high 
priority corridor program under section 167.
``(2) Allocations of apportioned funds to areas based on 
population.--
``(A) Allocation.--Of the total amount of funds 
provided under this section in a fiscal year for 
projects described under paragraph (1)--
``(i) 25 percent shall be obligated under 
this section, in proportion to their relative 
shares of the population of the State--
``(I) in urbanized areas of the 
State with an urbanized area population 
of over 200,000;
``(II) in urbanized areas of the 
State with an urbanized area population 
of not less than 50,000 and not more 
than 200,000;
``(III) in urban areas of the State 
with a population not less than 5,000 
and not more than 49,999; and
``(IV) in other areas of the State 
with a population less than 5,000; and
``(ii) the remainder may be obligated in 
any area of the State.
``(B) Metropolitan areas.--Funds attributed to an 
urbanized area under subparagraph (A)(i)(I) may be 
obligated in the metropolitan area established under 
section 134 that encompasses the urbanized area.
``(C) Local consultation.--
``(i) Consultation with metropolitan 
planning organizations.--For purposes of 
subclause (II) of subparagraph (A)(i), a State 
shall--
``(I) establish a new process or 
utilize the process established under 
clause (i) of section 133(d)(3)(A) to 
consult with all metropolitan planning 
organizations in the State that 
represent an urbanized area described 
in such clause; and
``(II) describe how funds allocated 
for areas described in such clause will 
be allocated equitably among the 
applicable urbanized areas.
``(ii) Consultation with regional 
transportation planning organizations.--For 
purposes of subclauses (III) and (IV) of 
subparagraph (A)(i), before obligating funding 
attributed to an area with a population less 
than 50,000, a State shall consult with the 
regional transportation planning organizations 
that represent the area, if any.
``(D) Distribution among urbanized areas of over 
200,000 population.--
``(i) In general.--Except as provided in 
clause (ii), the amount of funds that a State 
is required to obligate under subparagraph 
(A)(i)(I) shall be obligated in urbanized areas 
described in subparagraph (A)(i)(I) based on 
the relative population of the areas.
``(ii) Other factors.--The State may 
obligate the funds described in clause (i) 
based on other factors if the State and the 
relevant metropolitan planning organizations 
jointly apply to the Secretary for the 
permission to base the obligation on other 
factors and the Secretary grants the request.
``(E) Applicability for planning requirements.--
Programming and expenditure of funds for projects under 
this section shall be consistent with sections 134 and 
135.
``(3) Obligation authority.--
``(A) In general.--A State that is required to 
obligate in an urbanized area with an urbanized area 
population of over 200,000 individuals funds referred 
to under paragraph (2)(A)(i)(I) shall make available an 
amount of obligation authority distributed to the State 
for Federal-aid highways and highway safety 
construction programs for use in the area that is equal 
to the amount obtained by multiplying--
``(i) the aggregate amount of funds that 
the State is required to obligate in the area 
under paragraph (2) during the period; and
``(ii) the ratio that--
``(I) the aggregate amount of 
obligation authority distributed to the 
State for Federal-aid highways and 
highway safety construction programs 
during the period; bears to
``(II) the total of the sums 
apportioned to the State for Federal-
aid highways and highway safety 
construction programs (excluding sums 
not subject to an obligation 
limitation) during the period.
``(B) Joint responsibility.--Each State, each 
affected metropolitan planning organization, and the 
Secretary shall jointly ensure compliance with 
subparagraph (A).
``(e) Block Grant Selection.--
``(1) Issuance.--The Secretary shall provide grants under 
this section beginning with fiscal year 2028.
``(2) Obligation authority.--Nothing in this section shall 
be construed to increase an obligation limitation applied to 
funds made available under this section.
``(3) Subsequent fiscal years.--Subject to subsection 
(g)(2), the Secretary shall continue to apportion block grants 
to the awarded States.
``(4) Sunset.--The authority to provide grants under this 
section shall terminate on October 1, 2031.
``(f) Progress Report.--
``(1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the first 
fiscal year in which funds are provided under this section, a 
State receiving funds shall submit to the Secretary a progress 
report on meeting, or making significant progress toward 
meeting, performance measures and standards under section 
150(c).
``(2) Guidance.--Not later than 1 year after the initial 
funds are provided under this section, the Secretary shall 
promulgate guidance to lump sum recipients on requirements for 
submitting a progress report under paragraph (1).
``(3) Review.--If the Secretary finds that a State that 
received funds under this section did not meet, or achieve 
significant progress (as defined by the Secretary) toward 
target achievement of, all performance targets set in the 
report required under paragraph (1), the Secretary may not 
provide funds to such State under the program in the following 
fiscal year or 6 months after determination that the State 
failed to meet, or make significant progress toward target 
achievement, whichever is later.
``(4) Transmission to congress.--Not later than 30 days 
after the date on which the Secretary receives a report from a 
State under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall transmit the 
progress report to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate.
``(5) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this section shall 
be construed to exempt a State from completing any other 
transportation plans required under this title.
``(g) Treatment of Law.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, projects funded under this section shall be treated as projects on 
a Federal-aid highway under this chapter.
``(h) Definition of Base Apportionment.--In this section, the term 
`base apportionment' has the meaning given the term in section 
104(h).''.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code, is further amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``181. Consolidated funding pilot program.''.

SEC. 1129. REGISTRATION FEE ON MOTOR VEHICLES.

(a) In General.--Chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, is 
further amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 182. Registration fee on motor vehicles
``(a) In General.--The Administrator of the Federal Highway 
Administration shall impose for each year the following registration 
fee amounts on the owner of a vehicle registered for operation by a 
State motor vehicle department:
``(1) $130 for a covered electric vehicle.
``(2) $35 for a covered plug-in hybrid vehicle.
``(b) Withholding of Funds for Noncompliance.--
``(1) In general.--If a State fails to comply with the 
requirements under subsection (c), the Administrator shall 
withhold, from amounts required to be apportioned to any State 
under section 104(b), an amount equal to 125 percent to the 
amount required to be remitted under subsection (c)(2).
``(2) Timing.--The Administrator shall withhold the amount 
on the first day of each fiscal year beginning after September 
30, 2027, in which the State does not meet the requirements of 
subsection (c) until the date that is 30 days after the date on 
which the State meets such requirements.
``(c) Collection and Remittance of Fee.--
``(1) Collection of fee.--A State motor vehicle department, 
or an equivalent to such department, shall--
``(A) incorporate the collection of the fees 
established under subsection (a) into the vehicle 
registration and renewal processes administered by such 
department, so long as such fees are imposed for each 
year in which the fees are required; or
``(B) obtain approval from the Administrator to 
establish an alternate means of compliance for the 
collection of such fees that is acceptable to the 
Administrator.
``(2) Remittance of fee.--Not later than 30 days after the 
last day of each month, a State motor vehicle department shall 
remit to the Administrator the balance of the total fee amounts 
collected under this section in the preceding month less the 
portion reserved for administrative expenses under subsection 
(e).
``(d) Fee Adjustment.--
``(1) In general.--Subject to the limitations in paragraph 
(2), beginning in 2029, the Administrator shall biennially 
increase the amounts specified in subsection (a) by $5.
``(2) Limitations.--The amount specified in--
``(A) subsection (a)(1) shall not be increased to 
an amount that exceeds $150; and
``(B) subsection (a)(2) shall not be increased to 
an amount that exceeds $50.
``(e) Administrative Expenses.--In any fiscal year in which a State 
is in compliance with this section, such State may retain an amount not 
to exceed 1 percent of the total fees collected under this section for 
administrative expenses.
``(f) Applicability of Fees.--The fees imposed under paragraphs (1) 
and (2) of subsection (a) shall terminate on October 1, 2036.
``(g) Definitions.--In this section:
``(1) Covered electric vehicle.--The term `covered electric 
vehicle' means a covered motor vehicle that meets the 
definition of `electric vehicle' under section 86.1803-01 of 
title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date 
of enactment of the BUILD America 250 Act).
``(2) Covered motor vehicle.--The term `covered motor 
vehicle' has the meaning given the term `motor vehicle' under 
section 154(a) but excludes a motor vehicle that is a covered 
farm vehicle or commercial motor vehicle (as such terms are 
defined in section 390.5 of title 49, Code of Federal 
Regulations).
``(3) Covered plug-in hybrid vehicle.--The term `covered 
hybrid vehicle' means a covered motor vehicle that meets the 
definition of `plug-in hybrid electric vehicle' under section 
86.1803-01 of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (as in 
effect on the date of enactment of the BUILD America 250 
Act).''.
(b) Implementation of Certain Processes.--
(1) Implementation.--The Administrator of the Federal 
Highway Administration may provide grants to State motor 
vehicle departments, or equivalent departments, to implement a 
process to carry out section 182 of title 23, United States 
Code.
(2) Funding.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
$104,000,000 to carry out this subsection, to remain available 
until September 30, 2030.
(3) Eligible amounts.--Each State motor vehicle department 
may receive not more than $2,000,000 under this subsection.
(c) Regulations.--The Administrator shall issue such regulations 
and guidance as are necessary to--
(1) carry out section 182 of title 23, United States Code 
(as added by this section); and
(2) establish a process for the timely and accurate 
remittance of fees collected under such section through an 
electronic method.
(d) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on 
the status of the implementation of section 182 of title 23, United 
States Code (as added by this section).
(e) Sense of the Committee.--It is the sense of the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives that 
registration fees collected under section 182 of title 23, United 
States Code (as added by this Act), should be deposited into the 
Highway Trust Fund and divided between accounts of such Trust Fund in 
the same manner as excise taxes enacted after 1982 are deposited into 
such Trust Fund.
(f) Clerical Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

182. Registration fee on motor vehicles.

SEC. 1130. TRANSFER OF REAL PROPERTY NO LONGER NEEDED.

(a) In General.--Chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, is 
further amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 183. Transfer of real property no longer needed
``(a) In General.--If a recipient of assistance under this chapter 
determines real property acquired at least in part with such assistance 
is no longer necessary for the purpose for which such real property was 
acquired, the Secretary may authorize the recipient to transfer such 
real property, with no further obligation to the Government.
``(b) Conditions.--The Secretary may only authorize the transfer 
described under subsection (a) if the Secretary determines--
``(1) there is no longer a purpose for the real property 
eligible for assistance under this chapter for which such 
property should be used;
``(2) the overall benefit of allowing the transfer is 
greater than the interest of the Government in liquidation and 
return of the financial interest of the Government in the real 
property, after considering fair market value and other 
factors; and
``(3) through an appropriate screening or survey process, 
that there is no interest in acquiring the real property for 
Government use.
``(c) Recipients.--The Secretary may only authorize a transfer 
described under subsection (a) to--
``(1) a local governmental authority if such real property 
will remain a public asset for at least 10 years after the date 
on which the real property is transferred;
``(2) a local governmental authority or nonprofit 
organization for the development of the real property; or
``(3) a third-party entity for the development of the real 
property, if the Secretary determines that--
``(A) a local governmental authority or nonprofit 
organization is unable to receive the real property;
``(B) the overall benefit of allowing the transfer 
of the real property is greater than the interest of 
the Government in selling the property, after 
considering fair market value and other factors; and
``(C) the third-party entity has demonstrated a 
satisfactory history of construction or operating an 
affordable housing development.''.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code, is further amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``183. Transfer of real property no longer needed.''.

SEC. 1131. FEDERAL LANDS AND TRIBAL TRANSPORTATION PROGRAMS.

Section 201(b)(7) of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subparagraph (A)--
(A) by striking ``program or the'' and inserting 
``program, the''; and
(B) by striking ``program shall'' and inserting 
``program, or any project carried out using funds 
awarded to an Indian Tribe under a competitive grant 
program under this title or chapter 67 of title 49 
shall''; and
(2) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``be be'' and inserting 
``be''.

SEC. 1132. TRIBAL TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM.

Section 202 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(8)(A) by inserting ``grading and'' 
after ``excluding road'';
(2) in subsection (e)(1) by striking ``section 148(a)(4).'' 
and inserting ``paragraphs (4) and (11) of section 148(a).''; 
and
(3) by adding at the end the following:
``(g) Consolidated Delivery.--
``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law and subject to paragraph (2), grant funds awarded to an 
Indian Tribe from a competitive grant program administered by 
the Federal Highway Administration and made available to an 
Indian Tribe under a competitive program administered by the 
Federal Highway Administration or the Secretary may, at the 
request of such Indian Tribe, be administered as if allocated 
under this section.
``(2) Set-asides not applicable.--The following set-asides 
shall not apply to funds described in paragraph (1):
``(A) The set-aside described in subparagraph (C) 
of subsection (b)(3).
``(B) The set-asides described in subsections 
(a)(6), (c), and (e).
``(C) The set-aside described in section 1123(h)(1) 
of MAP-21 (23 U.S.C. 202 note).''.

SEC. 1133. FEDERAL LANDS TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM.

Section 203 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(1)--
(A) in subparagraph (A)--
(i) by redesignating clauses (iv), (v), 
(vi), and (vii) as clauses (v), (vi), (viii), 
and (ix), respectively;
(ii) by inserting after clause (iii) the 
following:
``(iv) provisions for individuals with 
disabilities;''; and
(iii) by inserting after clause (vi) (as so 
redesignated) the following:
``(vii) projects to improve the resilience 
of Federal lands transportation facilities; 
and''; and
(B) in subparagraph (D)--
(i) by inserting ``than'' after ``not 
more''; and
(ii) by striking ``(A)(iv)(I)'' and 
inserting ``(A)(v)(I)''; and
(2) in subsection (b)(1)--
(A) by striking ``October 1, 2011, and on''; and
(B) by striking ``thereafter''.

SEC. 1134. FEDERAL LANDS ACCESS PROGRAM.

Section 204(a) of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1)--
(A) in subparagraph (A)--
(i) by redesignating clauses (iv) through 
(ix) as clauses (v) through (x), respectively; 
and
(ii) by inserting after clause (iii) the 
following:
``(iv) provisions for individuals with 
disabilities;''; and
(B) in subparagraph (C) by inserting ``, including 
a project to improve the resilience of such a 
transportation facility'' after ``Federal land''; and
(2) by striking paragraph (6).

SEC. 1135. NATIONALLY SIGNIFICANT FEDERAL LANDS AND TRIBAL PROJECTS 
PROGRAM.

Section 1123(c)(3) of the FAST Act (23 U.S.C. 201 note) is amended 
by striking ``$12,500,000'' and inserting ``$5,000,000''.

SEC. 1136. TRIBAL HIGH PRIORITY PROJECTS PROGRAM.

Section 1123(h) of MAP-21 (23 U.S.C. 202 note) is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1) by striking ``fiscal years 2022 
through 2026'' and inserting ``fiscal years 2027 through 
2031''; and
(2) in paragraph (2) by striking ``fiscal years 2022 
through 2026'' and inserting ``fiscal years 2027 through 
2031''.

SEC. 1137. CONSOLIDATION OF PROGRAMS.

Section 1519(a) of MAP-21 (Public Law 112-141; 126 Stat. 574) is 
amended, in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``fiscal 
years 2022 through 2026'' and inserting ``fiscal years 2027 through 
2031''.

SEC. 1138. UPDATE TO NONMOTORIZED TRAILS DEFINITION.

Section 206 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(1) by striking ``except for a 
motorized wheelchair.'' and inserting ``except for
``(A) a motorized wheelchair; and
``(B) an electric bicycle (as such term is defined 
in section 217(j)).''; and
(2) by adding at the end the following:
``(j) Authority to Limit Use.--Notwithstanding subsection 
(a)(1)(B), a State or local government may restrict or prohibit the 
operation of an electric bicycle, including a specific class of 
electric bicycle, on a nonmotorized recreational trail.''.

Subtitle B--Improved Project Delivery and Environmental Streamlining

SEC. 1201. PROJECT APPROVAL AND OVERSIGHT.

Section 106 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (e)(2)--
(A) in subparagraph (A)--
(i) by striking ``$50,000,000'' and 
inserting ``$100,000,000''; and
(ii) by adding ``and'' at the end;
(B) by striking subparagraph (B); and
(C) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as 
subparagraph (B); and
(2) in subsection (h)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``$500,000,000'' 
and inserting ``$1,000,000,000''; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
``(4) Total cost.--The estimated total cost for a major 
project described in paragraph (1) shall be adjusted annually 
to reflect increases in the rate of inflation as measured by 
Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers published by the 
Department of Labor.''.

SEC. 1202. EXEMPTION FROM REVIEW.

(a) Title 23.--Section 138 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``(g) Certain Undertakings.--
``(1) In general.--An undertaking described in appendix A 
or that has received the appropriate determination described in 
appendix B of the notice of approval issued by the Advisory 
Council on Historic Preservation titled `Program Comment on 
Certain Housing, Building, and Transportation Undertakings', 
published on April 2, 2025 (90 Fed. Reg. 14526) that is part of 
a transportation program or project shall not be considered use 
under subsection (a).
``(2) Rule of construction.--The exemption under paragraph 
(1) shall not be construed to apply to any other aspect of a 
transportation program or project that is not an undertaking 
described in such paragraph.
``(3) Applicability on tribal land.--The exemption under 
this subsection shall not apply to undertakings located on 
Tribal lands, or to undertakings that may affect historic 
properties located on Tribal lands, unless the applicable 
Tribal historic preservation officer or a designated 
representative of the applicable Indian Tribe has provided 
prior written notification to the Secretary that the Tribe 
consents to the use of the exemption under this subsection.''.
(b) Title 49.--Section 303 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in subsection (d)(2)(A) by striking ``, United States 
Code''; and
(2) by adding at the end the following:
``(i) Certain Undertakings.--
``(1) In general.--An undertaking described in appendix A 
or that has received the appropriate determination described in 
appendix B of the notice of approval issued by the Advisory 
Council on Historic Preservation titled `Program Comment on 
Certain Housing, Building, and Transportation Undertakings', 
published on April 2, 2025, (90 Fed. Reg. 14526) that is part 
of a transportation program or project shall not be considered 
use under subsection (a).
``(2) Rule of construction.--The exemption under paragraph 
(1) shall not be construed to apply to any other aspect of a 
transportation program or project that is not an undertaking 
described in such paragraph.
``(3) Applicability on tribal land.--The exemption under 
this subsection shall not apply to undertakings located on 
Tribal lands, or to undertakings that may affect historic 
properties located on Tribal lands, unless the applicable 
Tribal historic preservation officer or a designated 
representative of the applicable Indian Tribe has provided 
prior written notification to the Secretary that the Tribe 
consents to the use of the exemption under this subsection.''.

SEC. 1203. EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS FOR PROJECT DECISIONMAKING 
AND ONE FEDERAL DECISION.

Section 139 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (c)--
(A) in paragraph (1)(B) by striking ``may'' and 
inserting ``shall''; and
(B) in paragraph (7)--
(i) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``shall 
review'' and inserting ``shall biennially 
review''; and
(ii) in subparagraph (C)--
(I) in the heading by striking 
``Report'' and inserting ``Briefing''; 
and
(II) by striking ``Not later than'' 
and all that follows through ``that 
includes'' and inserting ``Not later 
than 30 days after the completion of 
each review required under subparagraph 
(A), the Secretary shall provide to the 
Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on 
Environment and Public Works of the 
Senate a briefing that includes'';
(2) in subsection (d)--
(A) in paragraph (2) by striking ``45 days'' and 
inserting ``30 days'';
(B) in paragraph (8)(D) by striking ``project if'' 
and inserting ``project only if''; and
(C) in paragraph (10)--
(i) in subparagraph (B) by striking 
``final''; and
(ii) in subparagraph (C) by striking 
``subparagraph (A) if'' and inserting 
``subparagraph (A) only if'';
(3) in subsection (f)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``process'' and 
inserting ``process and before the definition of a 
project's purpose and need in paragraph (2)''; and
(B) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the 
following:
``(2) Definition.--
``(A) In general.--The lead agency shall define 
such project's purpose and need for purposes of any 
document which the lead agency is responsible for 
preparing for the project.
``(B) Deadline.--The lead agency shall define such 
project's purpose and need not later than 45 days 
after--
``(i) the submission by the project sponsor 
of the appropriate information to inform the 
purpose and need description; or
``(ii) any appropriately completed proposed 
revision to a project that affects the purpose 
and need description previously prepared or 
accepted by the lead agency.
``(C) Technical assistance.--The Secretary may 
provide a project sponsor with technical assistance in 
drafting--
``(i) a purpose and need statement; and
``(ii) any necessary supporting 
documentation for projects involving Federal 
approvals from more than 1 Federal agency.'';
(4) in subsection (g)(1)--
(A) in subparagraph (B) by striking clause (iii) 
and inserting the following:
``(iii) Major project schedule.--To the 
maximum extent practicable and consistent with 
applicable Federal law, in the case of a major 
project, the lead agency shall develop, in 
concurrence with the project sponsor, a 
schedule for the major project that is 
consistent with the following agency averages 
for the completion of the environmental review 
process for major projects--
``(I) not more than 2 years for an 
environmental impact statement, as 
measured from the date of publication 
of a notice of intent to prepare an 
environmental impact statement to the 
record of decision; or
``(II) not more than 1 year for an 
environmental assessment, as measured 
from the date on which the head of the 
lead agency determines that an 
environmental assessment is required to 
a finding of no significant impact.''; 
and
(B) by striking subparagraph (D) and inserting the 
following:
``(D) Modification.--
``(i) In general.--Subject to the 
provisions of this subparagraph, the lead 
agency may not lengthen or shorten a schedule 
established under subparagraph (B) except for 
good cause.
``(ii) Provisions.--
``(I) Lengthened schedules.--The 
lead agency may only lengthen a 
schedule under clause (i) for a 
cooperating Federal agency by not more 
than 1 year after the latest deadline 
established for the major project by 
the lead agency.
``(II) Shortened schedules.--The 
lead agency may not shorten a schedule 
under clause (i) if doing so would 
impair the ability of a cooperating 
Federal agency to conduct necessary 
analyses or otherwise carry out 
relevant obligations of the Federal 
agency for the project.'';
(5) in subsection (h)--
(A) in paragraph (4) by striking ``unless 
significant'' and inserting ``unless, as determined by 
the lead agency, significant and relevant'';
(B) in paragraph (7)(D) by striking ``certifies 
that'' and inserting ``certifies to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Environment and 
Public Works of the Senate that''; and
(C) in paragraph (8)(B)--
(i) in the matter preceding clause (i) by 
striking ``120 days after the date of enactment 
of the MAP-21'' and inserting ``90 days''; and
(ii) by striking clause (ii) and inserting 
the following:
``(ii) A project that requires the 
preparation of an environmental impact 
statement.
``(iii) A sample of not less than 5 percent 
of the projects requiring preparation of an 
environmental assessment in each State.'';
(6) in subsection (i) by striking ``establish'' and 
inserting ``establish, maintain, and continuously improve'';
(7) in subsection (j)(3) by striking ``section 204'' and 
inserting ``section 203 or section 204'';
(8) in subsection (l)(1) by striking ``highway or public 
transportation'' and inserting ``highway, public 
transportation, or rail'';
(9) in subsection (n) by striking paragraph (3) and 
inserting the following:
``(3) Length of environmental documents.--
``(A) Environmental impact statements.--
``(i) In general.--Except as provided in 
clause (ii), an environmental impact statement 
shall not exceed 150 pages, not including any 
citations or appendices.
``(ii) Extraordinary complexity.--An 
environmental impact statement for a proposed 
action of extraordinary complexity, as 
determined by the lead agency, shall not exceed 
300 pages, not including any citations or 
appendices.
``(B) Environmental assessments.--An environmental 
assessment shall not exceed 75 pages, not including any 
citations or appendices.''; and
(10) in subsection (q)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``Not later than 
60 days after the date of enactment of this subsection, 
and every 4 years thereafter, the Secretary shall'' and 
inserting ``Not less than every 3 years, the Secretary 
shall''; and
(B) in paragraph (2)--
(i) in subparagraph (F) by striking ``and'' 
at the end;
(ii) by redesignating subparagraph (G) as 
subparagraph (H); and
(iii) by inserting after subparagraph (F) 
the following:
``(G) the Environmental Protection Agency; and''.

SEC. 1204. REPORTING PROGRAM.

Section 157(b) of title 23, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
``(4) Public availability.--The Secretary shall make any 
report issued pursuant to this subsection publicly available on 
the website of the Department not later than 30 days after 
submission of the report under paragraph (1).''.

SEC. 1205. TERMINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW IMPLEMENTATION FUNDS 
PROGRAM.

Section 178 of title 23, United States Code, and the item relating 
to such section in the analysis for chapter 1 of such title, are 
repealed.

SEC. 1206. STREAMLINING OF ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENT PREPARATION.

(a) Use of Planning Information.--Section 304a of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
``(d) Use of Planning Information.--An operating administration of 
the Department of Transportation that is the lead agency for the 
preparation of an environmental impact statement may eliminate an 
alternative for a project proposed in the environmental impact 
statement from detailed consideration if--
``(1) the alternative was previously considered in--
``(A) a metropolitan planning process by a 
metropolitan planning organization;
``(B) an environmental review process carried out 
under State law by a State or local transportation 
agency; or
``(C) a State rail plan under chapter 227 that has 
been approved by the Secretary;
``(2) the lead agency provided guidance to the applicable 
planning or review entity regarding analysis of alternatives in 
the applicable planning or review process, including guidance 
on the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act of 
1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) and any other Federal law 
necessary for approval of the project;
``(3) the applicable metropolitan planning process or State 
environmental review process included an opportunity for public 
review and comment that is comparable to the applicable public 
review and comment requirements of the National Environmental 
Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.);
``(4) the applicable planning or review entity considered 
and, after considering public comments gathered pursuant to 
paragraph (3), rejected the alternative;
``(5) the Federal lead agency independently reviewed the 
alternative evaluation approved by the applicable planning or 
review entity; and
``(6) the Federal lead agency determined--
``(A) in consultation with Federal participating or 
cooperating agencies, that the alternative to be 
eliminated from consideration is not necessary for 
compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act 
of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.); or
``(B) with the concurrence of Federal agencies with 
jurisdiction over a permit or approval required for a 
project, that the alternative to be eliminated from 
consideration is not necessary for any permit or 
approval under any other Federal law.''.
(b) Planning Product Definition.--Section 168(a)(3) of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended to read as follows:
``(3) Planning product.--The term `planning product' means 
a decision, analysis, study, or other documented information 
that is the result of an evaluation or decision-making process 
of--
``(A) a metropolitan planning process by a 
metropolitan planning organization under section 134;
``(B) a State transportation planning process under 
section 135;
``(C) an environmental review process carried out 
under State law by a State or local transportation 
agency;
``(D) a State rail plan under chapter 227 of title 
49 that has been approved by the Secretary; or
``(E) any other transportation planning process 
authorized by State law.''.
(c) Alternative Analysis.--Section 139(f)(4)(E) of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended--
(1) by striking clause (i)(II) and inserting the following:
``(II) the evaluations of 
alternatives in a planning or review 
process described in clause (ii)(I).''; 
and
(2) in clause (ii)--
(A) by striking subclause (I) and inserting the 
following:
``(I) the alternative was 
considered in--
``(aa) a metropolitan 
planning process by a 
metropolitan planning 
organization;
``(bb) a State 
environmental review process by 
a State or local transportation 
agency; or
``(cc) a State rail plan 
under chapter 227 of title 49 
that has been approved by the 
Secretary;'';
(B) in subclause (II) by striking ``metropolitan 
planning organization or State or local transportation 
agency, as applicable,'' and inserting ``applicable 
planning or review entity'';
(C) in subclause (III) by striking ``metropolitan 
planning process or State environmental review 
process'' and inserting ``planning or review process'';
(D) in subclause (IV) by striking ``metropolitan 
planning organization or State or local transportation 
agency'' and inserting ``planning or review entity''; 
and
(E) in subclause (V) by striking ``metropolitan 
planning organization or State or local transportation 
agency'' and inserting ``planning or review entity''.

SEC. 1207. STATE AND ELIGIBLE ENTITY ASSUMPTION OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR 
CATEGORICAL EXCLUSIONS.

Section 326 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in the section heading by inserting ``and eligible 
entities'' after ``State'';
(2) by striking ``a State'' and inserting ``an eligible 
entity'' each place it appears (excluding subsection (c)(2));
(3) by striking ``States'' and inserting ``eligible 
entities'' each place it appears;
(4) by striking ``the State'' and inserting ``the eligible 
entity'' each place it appears (excluding subsection 
(d)(1)(B)(iii));
(5) in subsection (a)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``pursuant to 
regulations promulgated by the Council on Environmental 
Quality under part 1500 of title 40, Code of Federal 
Regulations (as in effect on October 1, 2003)'' and 
inserting ``pursuant to the National Environmental 
Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.)'';
(B) in paragraph (4) by inserting ``, public 
transportation, or rail'' after ``highway''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(5) Qualifications.--For an eligible entity that is not a 
State, the Secretary shall establish qualifications relating to 
the demonstration of legal, technical, and financial 
capabilities before permitting such eligible entity to assume 
responsibility under this subsection.'';
(6) in subsection (c)--
(A) in paragraph (2)--
(i) in the paragraph heading by striking 
``States'' and inserting ``eligible entities''; 
and
(ii) by striking ``Governor of a State'' 
and inserting ``chief executive of an eligible 
entity''; and
(B) in paragraph (3)--
(i) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``3 
years'' and inserting ``5 years''; and
(ii) in subparagraph (C) by striking ``5 
years'' and inserting ``10 years'';
(7) in subsection (d)--
(A) in paragraph (1)(B)(iii) by striking ``Governor 
of the State'' and inserting ``chief executive of the 
eligible entity''; and
(B) in paragraph (2)--
(i) in the paragraph heading by striking 
``State'' and inserting ``eligible entity''; 
and
(ii) by striking ``90 days'' and inserting 
``180 days'';
(8) in subsection (e) in the subsection heading by striking 
``State Agency'' and inserting ``Agency''; and
(9) by adding at the end the following:
``(g) Relationship to Locally Administered Projects.--An eligible 
entity granted authority under this section may, as appropriate and at 
the request of a local government--
``(1) exercise such authority on behalf of the local 
government for a locally administered project; or
``(2) provide guidance and training on consolidating and 
minimizing the documentation and environmental analyses 
necessary for sponsors of a locally administered project to 
comply with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 
U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) and any comparable requirements under 
State law.
``(h) Eligible Entity Defined.--In this section, the term `eligible 
entity' means--
``(1) a State; or
``(2) a direct recipient of funds under chapter 53 of title 
49 that is located in an urbanized area with a population of 
more than 200,000 individuals.''.

SEC. 1208. SURFACE TRANSPORTATION PROJECT DELIVERY PROGRAM.

Section 327 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(2)--
(A) in subparagraph (A) by inserting ``or partially 
within, including projects that cross State boundaries 
and projects that are adjacent to international 
boundaries,'' after ``projects within''; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
``(H) Projects crossing state boundaries.--For any 
project crossing a State boundary, a State assuming the 
responsibilities of the Secretary under this section 
shall receive concurrence from the impacted State or 
States through which the project crosses.'';
(2) in subsection (b)(2) in the matter preceding 
subparagraph (A)--
(A) by striking ``Not later than 270 days after the 
date on which amendments to this section by the MAP-21 
take effect, the'' and inserting ``The''; and
(B) by striking ``amend, as appropriate,'' and 
inserting ``maintain and, as appropriate, update'';
(3) in subsection (c)--
(A) in paragraph (6) by striking ``and'';
(B) in paragraph (7) by striking ``10 years, have a 
term of 10 years.'' and inserting ``5 years, have a 
term of 10 years; and''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(8) include only requirements of the State described in 
this section.'';
(4) in subsection (g)--
(A) in paragraph (1)(D) by striking ``(including 
public comment and responses to those comments)''; and
(B) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows:
``(2) Public availability.--An audit conducted under 
paragraph (1) shall be made publicly available by the Secretary 
on the website of the Department.'';
(5) in subsection (i) by striking ``Congress'' and 
inserting ``the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Environment and Public Works of the Senate''; and
(6) in subsection (j)(2) by striking ``90 days'' and 
inserting ``180 days''.

SEC. 1209. PROGRAM FOR ELIMINATING DUPLICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL 
REVIEWS.

Section 330 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) by striking subsection (k); and
(2) by redesignating subsection (l) as subsection (k).

SEC. 1210. TRAINING AND EDUCATION; BEST PRACTICES.

(a) In General.--Section 504(a) of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in paragraph (3)(A)(i)--
(A) by striking ``asset management,'' and inserting 
``contracting, procurement, and asset management,'';
(B) by redesignating subclauses (I) through (IV) as 
subclauses (IV) through (VII); and
(C) by inserting after the matter preceding 
subclause (IV) (as redesignated by this section) the 
following:
``(I) contract management 
throughout all stages of procurement;
``(II) the need for specificity in 
initial contract scoping and language 
to reduce project uncertainty, the 
potential for project scope changes 
after a contract has been awarded, and 
the risk of cost overruns;
``(III) the importance of 
competition in contracting and how 
State transportation departments or 
transportation agencies should 
advertise and conduct outreach to 
potential bidders to increase the 
bidder pool for projects;'';
(2) in paragraph (3)(A)(ii)--
(A) in subclause (V) by striking ``and'' at the 
end;
(B) in subclause (VI) by striking the period at the 
end and inserting ``; and''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(VII) managing contracting 
officers and engineers and measuring 
the performance of such contracting 
officers and engineers as such 
performance relates to the relative 
costs of projects compared to projects 
of comparable scopes that are 
supervised by other contracting 
officers and engineers.''; and
(3) in paragraph (3)(B) by striking ``and finance.'' and 
inserting ``finance, and such other courses the Secretary 
determines appropriate.''.
(b) Best Practices.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall develop and transmit 
to each State transportation department best practices on--
(A) improving specificity in initial contract 
scoping and language to reduce project uncertainty, the 
potential for project scope changes after a contract 
has been awarded, and the risk of cost overruns;
(B) increasing competition in projects funded with 
Federal grants;
(C) improving contract advertisement and conducting 
outreach to potential bidders to increase the bidder 
pool for projects; and
(D) improving contracting officer and engineer 
performance to ensure the greatest value in contracting 
by a State department of transportation.
(2) Plans.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, each State transportation department 
shall submit to the Secretary--
(A) a plan to incorporate the best practices 
developed under paragraph (1) into State transportation 
department procurement and management processes; and
(B) other best practices of the State 
transportation department that achieve the items 
specified in subparagraphs (A) through (D) of paragraph 
(1).
(3) Periodic revision.--The Secretary shall periodically 
review and, if appropriate, revise the best practices developed 
under paragraph (1) and transmit such revisions to each State 
department of transportation.

SEC. 1211. ACCELERATED DECISIONMAKING IN ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS.

Section 304a(c) of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in paragraph (2)--
(A) by striking ``a draft environmental impact 
statement, an environmental assessment, or a final 
environmental impact statement'' and inserting ``an 
environmental assessment or environmental impact 
statement''; and
(B) by striking ``or final'' and inserting ``or''; 
and
(2) in paragraph (3)--
(A) by striking ``a draft environmental impact 
statement, an environmental assessment, or a final 
environmental impact statement'' and inserting ``an 
environmental assessment or environmental impact 
statement''; and
(B) by striking ``or final'' and inserting ``or'' 
in each place it appears.

SEC. 1212. ALIGNING FEDERAL ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS.

Section 310 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) by striking ``Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this section, the'' and inserting 
``The''; and
(B) by striking ``develop'' and inserting 
``establish and periodically update'';
(2) in subsection (b) in the matter preceding paragraph (1) 
by striking ``developed'' and inserting ``established'';
(3) in subsection (c)(1)--
(A) by striking ``Not later than 90 days after the 
date of enactment of this section, the'' and inserting 
``The''; and
(B) by inserting ``and continuously maintain'' 
after ``jointly develop'';
(4) in subsection (d)--
(A) in paragraph (2)(B) by inserting ``to the 
maximum extent practicable'' after ``utilizing''; and
(B) in paragraph (4) by inserting ``relevant'' 
before ``groups'';
(5) in subsection (e) by striking ``Not later than 1 year 
after the date of enactment of this section, the'' and 
inserting ``The''; and
(6) in subsection (f)--
(A) by striking paragraph (2);
(B) in paragraph (1)--
(i) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``and'' 
at the end;
(ii) in subparagraph (B) by striking the 
period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
(iii) by adding at the end the following:
``(3) challenges in aligning Federal environmental reviews 
under this section.'';
(C) by striking ``Reports'' and all that follows 
through ``Not later than'' and inserting ``Reports.--
Not later than''; and
(D) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as 
paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively.

SEC. 1213. FTA ALLOWANCE OF LAND ACQUISITION.

Section 5323(q) of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in the subsection heading by inserting ``; Land 
Acquisition'' after ``Preservation'';
(2) in paragraph (1)--
(A) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
``; and'';
(B) by striking ``may assist'' and inserting 
``may--
``(A) assist''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(B) pursuant to paragraph (3)(B), reimburse a 
recipient for the acquisition of real property 
interests before completion of such environmental 
reviews without affecting subsequent approvals required 
for any project by the State or any Federal agency.'';
(3) in paragraph (2)--
(A) by inserting ``and real property interests'' 
before ``acquired under''; and
(B) by striking ``anticipation of the project'' and 
inserting ``anticipation of a project''; and
(4) by adding at the end the following:
``(3) Recipient-funded early acquisition of real property 
interests.--
``(A) In general.--A recipient may carry out, at 
the expense of the recipient, acquisitions of interests 
in real property for a project before completion of the 
review process required for a project under the 
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 
4321 et seq.) without affecting subsequent approvals 
required for a project by the State or any Federal 
agency.
``(B) Eligibility for reimbursement.--Financial 
assistance awarded pursuant to this chapter may be used 
by a recipient to participate in the payment of costs 
incurred by the recipient for acquisition of real 
property interests, acquired in advance of any Federal 
approval or authorization, if the real property 
interests are subsequently incorporated into a capital 
project eligible for financial assistance pursuant to 
this chapter.''.

SEC. 1214. CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION FOR PROJECTS OF LIMITED FEDERAL 
ASSISTANCE.

(a) In General.--Section 1317(1) of MAP-21 (23 U.S.C. 109 note) is 
amended--
(1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) by striking 
``Regulations, and section 771.117(c) of title 23, Code of 
Federal Regulations'' and inserting ``Regulations, and sections 
771.116(c), 771.117(c), and 771.118(c) of title 23, Code of 
Federal Regulations (or any successor regulations or policies 
relating to categorical exclusions)'';
(2) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``$6,000,000'' and 
inserting ``$12,000,000''; and
(3) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``$35,000,000'' and 
inserting ``$70,000,000''.
(b) Codification.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall issue a final rule revising 
part 771 of title 23, Code of Federal Regulations, to reflect the 
amendments made by subsection (a).
(c) Adoption by Other Federal Agencies.--
(1) Limitation.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, after the date of enactment of this Act, a categorical 
exclusion described in section 1317(1) of MAP-21 (23 U.S.C. 109 
note) may be used only by the Department.
(2) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to affect the adoption or use of such categorical 
exclusion by any Federal agency as it was in effect on the date 
before the date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 1215. PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENTS.

(a) In General.--Section 1318 of MAP-21 (23 U.S.C. 109 note) is 
amended--
(1) in subsection (d)--
(A) in paragraph (2) by striking ``Federal Highway 
Administration'' and inserting ``Secretary''; and
(B) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the 
following:
``(3) Determinations.--An agreement described in paragraph 
(2) may include determinations by the Secretary of the types of 
projects categorically excluded (consistent with the National 
Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.)) in 
the State in addition to the types listed in applicable 
regulations and orders.''; and
(2) in subsection (e)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``described in 
section 771.117(c)'' and all that follows through 
``this subsection)'' and inserting ``described in 
sections 771.116, 771.117, and 771.118 of title 23, 
Code of Federal Regulations''; and
(B) in paragraph (3) by striking ``described in 
section 771.117(c)'' and all that follows through 
``this subsection),'' and inserting ``described in 
sections 771.116, 771.117, and 771.118 of title 23, 
Code of Federal Regulations,''.
(b) Revision of Templates.--Not later than 90 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in consultation with the heads 
of State transportation departments and any other entities determined 
appropriate by the Secretary, shall--
(1) review the template programmatic agreement developed 
under section 1318(e) of MAP-21 (23 U.S.C. 109 note) and 
identify each type of project that--
(A) may be subject to a programmatic agreement 
authorized under section 1318(d)(1) of MAP-21 (23 
U.S.C. 109 note);
(B) is not included in the template as part of a 
determination of the Secretary under section 1318(d)(3) 
of MAP-21 (23 U.S.C. 109 note); and
(C) is categorically excluded from the preparation 
of an environmental assessment or environmental impact 
statement under the National Environmental Policy Act 
of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.); and
(2) revise the template programmatic agreement to include 
each type of project identified under paragraph (1) that the 
Secretary determines appropriate to increase flexibility for 
States that enter into a programmatic agreement to carry out 
environmental and other required project reviews.

SEC. 1216. STREAMLINING TRIBAL CATEGORICAL EXCLUSIONS.

Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary shall seek to develop a set of shared procedures with the 
head of a relevant Federal agency to allow, to the maximum extent 
practicable, sponsors of projects eligible for assistance under section 
202 of title 23, United States Code, to submit 1 document to 
demonstrate that the conditions for any categorical exclusion under the 
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.), 
that has been adopted by the Secretary, or such head, are satisfied.

SEC. 1217. STREAMLINING SMALL SAFETY PROJECTS.

Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary shall publish, and amend as appropriate, a uniform checklist 
to help project sponsors determine whether certain safety projects 
qualify for a categorical exclusion under paragraph (3) or (23) of 
section 771.117(c) of title 23, Code of Federal Regulations.

SEC. 1218. UPDATES TO CATEGORICAL EXCLUSIONS FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION 
PROJECTS.

(a) Categorical Exclusions for Public Transportation Projects.--Not 
later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary shall take such action as may be necessary to--
(1) establish such categorical exclusions as the Secretary 
determines to be relevant and appropriate for use by the 
Federal Transit Administration with respect to public 
transportation projects after reviewing categorical 
exclusions--
(A) adopted by agencies within the Department; and
(B) identified in the most recently conducted 
process pursuant to section 139(q) of title 23, United 
States Code;
(2) clarify the application of categorical exclusions under 
section 771.118 of title 23, Code of Federal Regulations (or 
any successor regulations), that are explicitly applicable to 
the assembly, construction, repair, or replacement of transit 
shelters (or other transit-related shelters) located 
predominantly within an existing right-of-way; and
(3) minimize, to the greatest extent allowable by law, the 
requirements for a recipient of assistance under chapter 53 of 
title 49, United States Code, to complete documentation or 
studies for use by the Secretary in determining if a project 
for which such assistance is awarded is subject to--
(A) a categorical exclusion established under 
paragraph (1);
(B) a categorical exclusion described in paragraph 
(2); or
(C) the requirements of section 306108 of title 54, 
United States Code.
(b) Guidance Regarding National Historic Preservation Act Review.--
Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary, taking into consideration the notice of approval issued by 
the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation titled ``Program Comment 
on Certain Housing, Building, and Transportation Undertakings'', 
published on April 2, 2025, (90 Fed. Reg. 14526), shall issue guidance 
for recipients of assistance described in subsection (a)(3) with 
respect to the processes and procedures such recipients may experience 
in attaining, if applicable, review pursuant to section 306108 of title 
54, United States Code.
(c) Briefing.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall brief the Committee on Transportation 
and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate on the actions 
undertaken by the Secretary to carry out this section.
(d) Transit Shelter Defined.--In this section, the term ``transit 
shelter'' means a canopy structure or other structure open to the 
elements on at least 1 side and provides partial weather protection for 
users of public transportation.

Subtitle C--Miscellaneous

SEC. 1301. TRANSPORTATION RULEMAKING COMMITTEES.

(a) In General.--Section 102 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``(k) Transportation Rulemaking Committees.--Chapter 10 of title 5 
shall not apply to such transportation rulemaking committees as the 
Secretary or the head of a modal administration of the Department shall 
designate.''.
(b) Adoption of Existing Procedures.--
(1) In general.--In issuing guidance for the processes and 
procedures relating to transportation rulemaking committees 
enabled by the amendment under subsection (a), the Secretary 
shall, to the maximum extent practicable, adopt the same 
processes and procedures applicable to aviation rulemaking 
committees (as such term is referenced in section 106(p)(5)(B) 
of title 49, United States Code) as such processes and 
procedures are prescribed in the document entitled ``The 
Federal Aviation Administration Rulemaking and Federal Advisory 
Committee Manual'', approved June 6, 2024.
(2) Clarification.--In issuing guidance under paragraph 
(1), the Secretary shall clarify that--
(A) a transportation rulemaking committee may have 
more than 1 Industry Co-Chair; and
(B) an individual representing any relevant non-
Federal stakeholder (including an individual 
representing the interests of State or local 
governments or public interest organizations) may not 
be precluded from serving as an Industry Co-Chair of a 
transportation rulemaking committee.
(c) Requirements.--
(1) Transparency.--The Secretary shall make all reports and 
recommendations of a transportation rulemaking committee 
required to be established under this Act publicly available 
prior to initiating an applicable rulemaking, if applicable.
(2) Rulemaking.--The Secretary shall ensure that any 
rulemaking that results from any regulatory recommendation of a 
transportation rulemaking committee required to be established 
under this Act is promulgated by a Notice of Proposed 
Rulemaking.
(d) Rule of Construction.--The amendment made by subsection (a) may 
not be construed to restrict the authority of the Administrator of the 
Federal Aviation Administration under section 106(p)(5) of title 49, 
United States Code, as such authority existed on the day before the 
date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 1302. VEHICLE WEIGHT LIMITS.

(a) Covered Heavy-duty Tow and Recovery Vehicles.--Section 127(m) 
of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
(1) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
``(1) In general.--The vehicle weight limitations set forth 
in this section do not apply to a covered heavy-duty tow and 
recovery vehicle operating in a State under a permit--
``(A) issued by such State in accordance with State 
law; and
``(B) that includes routing or similar information 
to ensure safe operation of such vehicle on highway 
bridges and tunnels.''; and
(2) in paragraph (2)(B)--
(A) by striking ``a gross vehicle weight'' and 
inserting ``a gross combined weight rating''; and
(B) by inserting ``rating'' after ``the gross 
vehicle weight''.
(b) Operation of Certain Specialized Vehicles on Certain Highways 
in the State of Arkansas.--Section 127(p) of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended by inserting ``and United States Highway 67 between 
the exits for county road 315 and highway 224'' before ``in the State 
of Arkansas''.
(c) Emergency Vehicles.--Section 127(r) of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1), in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A), by striking ``a State'' and all that follows through 
``less than'' and inserting ``a State shall issue a permit for 
the operation of an emergency vehicle with a vehicle weight up 
to 86,000 pounds and a maximum of'';
(2) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (3); and
(3) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
``(2) Permitting requirement.--Any permit issued pursuant 
to this subsection shall be issued in accordance with State law 
and shall include routing or similar information to ensure safe 
operation of an emergency vehicle on highway bridges.''.
(d) Hydrogen Vehicles.--Section 127(s) of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended--
(1) in the subsection heading by striking ``Gas and 
Electric Battery Vehicles'' and inserting ``Gas, Electric 
Battery, and Hydrogen Vehicles'';
(2) by striking ``gas or'' and inserting ``gas,''; and
(3) by inserting ``fueled primarily by hydrogen, or fueled 
or powered by a combination thereof,'' before ``may exceed''.
(e) Dry Bulk Axle Weight Variance.--Section 127 of title 23, United 
States Code, is further amended by adding at the end the following:
``(z) Dry Bulk Axle Weight Variance.--
``(1) Weight variance.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
of this section, except for the maximum gross vehicle weight 
limitation, a commercial motor vehicle transporting dry bulk 
goods may not exceed 110 percent of the maximum weight on any 
axle or axle group described in subsection (a), including any 
enforcement tolerance.
``(2) Dry bulk goods defined.--In this subsection, the term 
`dry bulk goods' means any homogeneous unmarked, unpackaged, 
non-liquid cargo being transported in a trailer specifically 
designed for that purpose.''.
(f) Operation of Certain Agricultural Vehicles in the State of 
Louisiana.--Section 127 of title 23, United States Code, is further 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``(aa) Operation of Certain Agricultural Vehicles in the State of 
Louisiana.--
``(1) In general.--The State of Louisiana may allow, by 
special permit, the operation of a covered agricultural vehicle 
on the Interstate System in the State of Louisiana if such 
vehicle--
``(A) does not exceed a gross vehicle weight of 
88,000 pounds;
``(B) does not exceed 110 percent of the maximum 
weight on any axle or axle group described in 
subsection (a)(2), including any enforcement tolerance; 
and
``(C) has no fewer than 5 axles.
``(2) Covered agricultural vehicle defined.--In this 
subsection, the term `covered agricultural vehicle' means a 
vehicle that is transporting unprocessed agricultural crops 
used for food, feed or fiber, or raw or unfinished forest 
products, including logs, pulpwood, biomass, or woodchips.''.
(g) Operation of Certain Logging Vehicles in the State of 
Arkansas.--Section 127 of title 23, United States Code, is further 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``(bb) Operation of Certain Logging Vehicles in the State of 
Arkansas.--
``(1) In general.--The State of Arkansas may allow, by 
special permit, the operation of a covered logging vehicle on 
the Interstate System in the State of Arkansas if such 
vehicle--
``(A) does not exceed a gross vehicle weight of 
85,000 pounds;
``(B) has no fewer than 5 axles; and
``(C) travels a maximum distance of 20 miles on the 
Interstate System from origin to a storage or 
processing facility.
``(2) Covered logging vehicle defined.--In this subsection, 
the term `covered logging vehicle' means a vehicle that is 
transporting raw or unfinished forest products, including logs, 
pulpwood, biomass, or wood chips.''.
(h) Operation of Certain Vehicles in the State of Iowa.--Section 
127 of title 23, United States Code, is further amended by adding at 
the end the following:
``(cc) Operation of Certain Vehicles in the State of Iowa.--
``(1) Interstate designation.--If any segment of Iowa State 
Route 5 in Iowa from the interchange with Interstate Route 35 
to the interchange with United States Route 65, or United 
States Route 65 in Iowa from the interchange with Iowa State 
Route 5 and United States Route 69 to the interchange with 
Interstate Route 80, is designated as a route on the Interstate 
System, a vehicle that could operate legally on such segment 
before the date of such designation may continue to operate on 
such segment, without regard to any requirement under this 
section.
``(2) Special permits.--The State of Iowa may allow, by 
special permit, the operation of vehicles with a gross vehicle 
weight of up to 108,000 pounds for the hauling of divisible 
loads on a segment of Interstate Route 380 in the State of Iowa 
from the west interchange with United States Route 20 and 
United States Route 218 to the east interchange with United 
States Route 20.''.

SEC. 1303. DESIGNATION OF HIGH PRIORITY CORRIDORS ON NATIONAL HIGHWAY 
SYSTEM.

(a) Designation as High Priority Corridor.--Section 1105(c) of the 
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (Public Law 
102-240) is amended by adding at the end the following:
``(103) United States Route 74 from I-26 in the vicinity of 
Columbus, North Carolina to I-85 in the vicinity of Kings 
Mountain, North Carolina.
``(104) United States Route 421 from Wilkesboro, North 
Carolina, to Winston-Salem, North Carolina.''.
(b) Designation as Future Interstate.--Section 1105(e)(5) of the 
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (Public Law 
102-240) is amended--
(1) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``and subsection 
(c)(102)'' and inserting ``subsection (c)(102), subsection 
(c)(103), and subsection (c)(104)''; and
(2) in subparagraph (C)(i) by adding at the end the 
following: ``The route referred to in subsection (c)(104) is 
designated as Interstate Route I-777.''.

SEC. 1304. SAFETY COORDINATORS; DETERMINATION OF REASONABLE COST.

(a) In General.--Section 217 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in subsection (d)--
(A) in the subsection heading by inserting 
``Safety'' before ``Coordinators''; and
(B) by striking ``the increased use'' and all that 
follows through ``transportation, including'' and 
inserting ``nonmotorized transportation safety, 
including by''; and
(2) in subsection (e)--
(A) by striking ``can be provided'' and inserting 
``was not included in the original project scope and 
can be provided''; and
(B) by striking ``then such bridge shall'' and 
inserting ``then the Secretary may require such 
bridge''.
(b) Repeal.--Section 11529 of the Infrastructure Investment and 
Jobs Act (23 U.S.C. 217 note), and the item relating to such provision 
in the table of contents under section 1(b) of such Act, are repealed.

SEC. 1305. UPDATES TO MANUAL ON UNIFORM TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES.

In updating the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices under 
section 109(d)(2) of title 23, United States Code, for the first time 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall include 
updates necessary to--
(1) establish a standard for the minimum level of required 
retroreflectivity of traffic control devices and pavement 
markings, ensuring the standard requires that traffic control 
devices and pavement markings meet the minimum level of 
required retroreflectivity in wet conditions; and
(2) standardize bordered and lag contrast pavement markings 
on light-colored pavements and bridges.

SEC. 1306. DESIGN STANDARDS.

(a) In General.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Administrator of the Federal Highway Administration 
shall develop a list of categorical design exceptions from standards 
developed under section 109(c) of title 23, United States Code, for 
categories of multimodal projects and features on Federal-aid highways.
(b) Inclusions.--The list developed under subsection (a) shall 
include categories of multimodal projects and features that--
(1) are recommended by the Federal Highway Administration, 
including Proven Safety Countermeasures;
(2) improve safety for vulnerable road users; and
(3) are currently subject to the design exception process.

SEC. 1307. MODERNIZING ROADSIDE SAFETY HARDWARE DEVICES AND 
ADMINISTRATION POLICIES.

(a) Modernizing Roadside Safety Hardware Policies.--
(1) In general.--The Secretary may not issue a Federal-aid 
reimbursement eligibility letter under the Federal-aid highway 
program to a person or entity for a new roadside safety 
hardware device that does not meet the applicable crash test 
criteria set forth in the most recent version of the manual of 
the American Association of State Highway and Transportation 
Officials titled ``Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware, Second 
Edition'' (referred to in this section as ``MASH'') or any 
successor industry standard.
(2) Termination of prohibition.--Paragraph (1) shall cease 
to apply on the date that the final rule associated with the 
rulemaking described in subsection (b)(5)(B) is effective.
(3) Supplemental materials.--In addition to materials 
specified by the Secretary, beginning on the date of enactment 
of this Act, a requestor for a letter described in paragraph 
(1) shall certify, in a manner satisfactory to the Secretary, 
that all installation manuals or instructions relating to a 
roadside safety hardware device are up-to-date and publicly 
available and utilize plain writing (as such term is defined in 
section 3 of the Plain Writing Act of 2010 (5 U.S.C. 301 note)) 
for use by individuals in States and territories.
(b) Transportation Rulemaking Committee.--
(1) Establishment.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a 
transportation rulemaking committee, pursuant to section 102(k) 
of title 49, United States Code, to review and develop findings 
and recommendations to increase the safety and performance of 
roadside safety hardware devices.
(2) Membership.--The transportation rulemaking committee 
convened under paragraph (1) shall consist of members appointed 
by the Secretary, including--
(A) representatives of an association representing 
State highway officials;
(B) representatives of the traffic safety industry, 
including manufacturers of roadside safety hardware 
devices and roadside safety hardware technologies;
(C) representatives from up to 4 State highway 
safety offices from different geographic regions;
(D) representatives of roadway safety advocacy 
organizations;
(E) representatives of relevant research 
organizations or academia;
(F) representatives of labor organizations 
representing roadway construction workers;
(G) representatives of transportation construction 
associations; and
(H) other representatives, as determined 
appropriate by the Secretary.
(3) Considerations.--The transportation rulemaking 
committee convened under paragraph (1) shall consider, at a 
minimum, the following:
(A) The extent to which roadside safety hardware 
devices on the National Highway System utilize MASH 
crash test standards, including such devices procured 
and installed with Federal and non-Federal funds.
(B) The extent to which plain writing (as such term 
is defined in section 3 of the Plain Writing Act of 
2010 (5 U.S.C. 301 note)) is utilized in installation 
manuals or instructions associated with a roadside 
safety hardware device for use by individuals 
responsible for installing such devices.
(C) Potential changes to administrative guidance 
documents and policies as such changes relate to 
roadside safety hardware devices to improve Federal 
agency oversight of such devices and communication with 
State departments of transportation, including 
examining how data is collected following in service 
performance evaluations.
(D) Whether the Federal Highway Administration 
should require third-party verification of laboratory 
testing of roadside safety hardware devices to 
determine crashworthiness.
(E) Whether the most up-to-date MASH crash test 
standards for roadside safety hardware devices 
effectively mitigate roadway vehicle departure for a 
modern vehicle fleet and roadway conditions and ensure 
vehicle occupant protection in the event of a crash.
(4) Random sampling.--In carrying out subparagraphs (A) and 
(B) of paragraph (3), the rulemaking committee may evaluate a 
random sampling of roadside safety hardware devices, including 
such devices procured and installed with Federal and non-
Federal funds, from across all regions.
(5) Report and regulations.--
(A) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the 
transportation rulemaking committee under paragraph (1) 
convenes, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation of the Senate a report based on the 
findings of the transportation rulemaking committee.
(B) Rulemaking required.--Not later than 1 year 
after the Secretary submits the report under 
subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall issue an advanced 
notice of proposed rulemaking establishing regulations 
to require the installation of roadside safety hardware 
devices on the National Highway System that are 
compliant with the most up-to-date crashworthiness 
standards, among other requirements.
(C) Contents of rulemaking.--In issuing the notice 
of proposed rulemaking required under subparagraph (B), 
the Secretary--
(i) shall require, at a minimum--
(I) roadside safety hardware 
devices to be compliant with the most 
up-to-date crashworthiness standards, 
as determined by the Secretary;
(II) the adoption of laboratory 
testing of roadside safety hardware 
devices to determine crashworthiness 
and safety performance;
(III) the adoption of in-service 
maintenance standards for such devices; 
and
(IV) the adoption of a standardized 
means of collection of performance data 
resulting from in-service performance 
evaluations of such devices; and
(ii) may incorporate by reference 1 or more 
requirement under clause (i).
(c) Eligibility Letters.--The Secretary, upon issuance of the final 
rule associated with the rulemaking described in subsection (b)(5)(B), 
may not issue a Federal-aid reimbursement eligibility letter under the 
Federal-aid highway program to a person or entity for a roadside safety 
hardware device.
(d) Roadside Safety Hardware Device Defined.--In this section, the 
term ``roadside safety hardware device'' means a device that reduces 
the consequences of a vehicle departure from the roadway by containing, 
redirecting, or decelerating such vehicle to a safe stop, including 
guardrails, cable barriers, bridge barriers, crash cushions, support 
structures, and work zone devices.

SEC. 1308. AUDIT OF FHWA OVERSIGHT OF ROADSIDE SAFETY HARDWARE DEVICES.

(a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the inspector general of the Department shall initiate an 
audit of the Federal Highway Administration's oversight of roadside 
safety hardware devices, including crash testing of such devices, 
oversight of in-service performance evaluations of such devices 
conducted by State departments of transportation, and other oversight 
related activities carried out by the agency in relation to such 
devices.
(b) Contents.--In conducting the audit described in subsection (a), 
the inspector general shall, at a minimum--
(1) assess the Federal Highway Administration's oversight 
of--
(A) the standards and design specifications of a 
State or territory for roadside safety hardware 
devices, including the written policies of the State or 
territory relating to the installation of crash-tested 
roadside hardware safety devices, if applicable;
(B) the roadside safety hardware device crash-
testing and safety performance process, including how 
such devices perform in actual conditions through in-
service performance evaluations; and
(C) the progress of a State or territory in 
transitioning to roadside safety hardware devices that 
comply with crash testing standards set forth in the 
most recent version of the manual of the American 
Association of State Highway and Transportation 
Officials titled ``Manual for Assessing Safety 
Hardware, Second Edition''; and
(2) make recommendations, if applicable, for additional 
actions the Federal Highway Administration shall take to 
improve oversight processes relating to roadside safety 
hardware devices.
(c) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of initiation of 
the audit described in subsection (a), the inspector general shall 
submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public 
Works of the Senate a report on the results of such audit, including 
findings and recommendations to improve the oversight of roadside 
hardware safety devices.

SEC. 1309. INTERAGENCY BRIDGE STRIKE WORKING GROUP.

(a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall establish an interagency bridge strike 
working group--
(1) to coordinate between the Department and other 
agencies;
(2) to provide guidance and assistance to bridge owners on 
evaluating and reducing the risk of bridge collapse from a 
vessel collision; and
(3) to provide guidance to bridge owners on motorist 
warning systems.
(b) Membership.--The interagency working group established under 
subsection (a) shall consist of representatives from--
(1) the Federal Highway Administration;
(2) the Coast Guard;
(3) the Army Corps of Engineers; and
(4) any other entities determined appropriate by the 
Secretary.
(c) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the interagency working group established under subsection 
(a) shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and 
Public Works and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation 
of the Senate a report that includes--
(1) an analysis of current bridge vulnerabilities that risk 
leading to a bridge collapse from a vessel collision;
(2) recommendations for bridge owners to evaluate and 
reduce the risk of bridge collapse from a vessel collision;
(3) recommendations on any policy changes necessary to 
prevent the risk of bridge collapses due to vessel strikes; and
(4) any other information the working group determines 
appropriate.
(d) Termination of Working Group.--The interagency working group 
established under subsection (a) shall terminate on the date that is 3 
months after the date of submission of the report required under 
subsection (c).

SEC. 1310. BRIDGE CLEARANCE BEST PRACTICES.

(a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a bridge 
clearance strike working group to make recommendations on ways to 
improve public-private data sharing regarding bridge clearance height 
and the routing of commercial motor vehicles and rental vehicles.
(b) Membership.--The working group established under subsection (a) 
shall include representatives from--
(1) the Federal Highway Administration;
(2) the Federal Railroad Administration;
(3) the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration;
(4) State departments of transportation;
(5) trucking organizations;
(6) producers of GPS navigation systems;
(7) law enforcement agencies;
(8) companies that rent or lease rental vehicles directly 
to consumers; and
(9) Class I, II, and III railroad carriers.
(c) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
establishment of the interagency working group under subsection (a), 
the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Environment and Public Works and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation of the Senate a report that includes--
(1) recommendations to--
(A) improve the availability of information and 
route signs specific to commercial motor vehicles or 
rental vehicles on GPS navigation systems;
(B) improve driver knowledge and awareness about 
bridge clearance strikes;
(C) encourage companies that rent out rental 
vehicles to clearly label such vehicles with height and 
weight restriction information; and
(D) include ways for companies that rent or lease 
vehicles to provide notice to individuals who rent or 
lease such a vehicle, whether orally or written, of 
vehicle height and warn such individuals to look out 
for road signs about vehicle height; and
(2) any other recommendations by the working group to 
address bridge clearance strikes.

SEC. 1311. U.S. CONGRESSMAN AND PRISONER OF WAR SAM JOHNSON MEMORIAL 
HIGHWAY.

(a) Designation.--The portion of United States Highway 75 between 
President George Bush Turnpike and United States Highway 380 previously 
designated as ``Sam Johnson Highway'' shall, after the date of 
enactment of this Act, be known and redesignated as the ``U.S. 
Congressman and Prisoner of War Sam Johnson Memorial Highway''.
(b) Reference.--Any reference in any law, regulation, map, 
document, paper, or other record of the United States to the portion of 
highway referred to in subsection (a) shall be considered to be a 
reference to the U.S. Congressman and Prisoner of War Sam Johnson 
Memorial Highway.

SEC. 1312. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR CONTRACTING.

The Secretary may provide technical assistance to, and develop 
guidance and best practices for, State departments of transportation 
regarding the use of the lump sum payment method in the procurement and 
administration of engineering and design services for transportation 
projects funded using Federal grants, including the potential benefits 
and risks associated with such payment method.

SEC. 1313. PREVENTING ANTICOMPETITIVE BIDDING PRACTICES.

(a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall issue guidance to State departments of 
transportation on proactively preventing anticompetitive bidding 
practices on Federal-aid highway projects.
(b) Contents.--In issuing guidance under subsection (a), the 
Secretary shall--
(1) advise States on how to conduct frequent, regular, and 
systematic reviews and audits of procurements made over 
multiple years using specific statistics to identify 
anticompetitive bidding patterns; and
(2) encourage, to the maximum extent practicable, reduced 
reliance on historical data when developing engineer's 
estimates.
(c) Transportation Rulemaking Committee.--
(1) Establishment.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a 
transportation rulemaking committee to provide recommendations 
to revise Federal regulations to prevent and protect against 
anticompetitive practices in bidding on Federal-aid highway 
projects.
(2) Membership.--The transportation rulemaking committee 
convened under paragraph (1) shall consist of members appointed 
by the Secretary, including representatives of--
(A) State departments of transportation;
(B) engineering associations;
(C) transportation construction associations;
(D) construction materials associations;
(E) labor organizations representing transportation 
workers;
(F) technology associations providing construction 
management software;
(G) an association representing businesses that 
participate in the program described in section 
1101(e); and
(H) other stakeholders the Secretary determines 
appropriate.
(3) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date on 
which the transportation rulemaking committee is established 
under paragraph (1), the transportation rulemaking committee 
shall submit to the Secretary a report detailing the findings 
and recommendations developed under paragraph (1) on how to 
revise the regulations under sections 635.111, 635.112(f), 
635.113, 635.114, and 635.115 of title 23, Code of Federal 
Regulations, or other related regulations, considering the 
following:
(A) Methods to reduce or eliminate reliance on 
historical data as the sole basis of engineer's 
estimates when developing such estimates.
(B) Best practices for States to routinely review 
and audit procurements to identify anticompetitive 
bidding patterns.
(C) Techniques for States to address potential 
instances of anticompetitive bidding on Federal-aid 
highway projects.
(D) Costs associated with potential anticompetitive 
bidding patterns.
(4) Recommendations.--Not later than 9 months after the 
date on which the transportation rulemaking committee submits 
the report under paragraph (3), the Secretary shall submit to 
the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House 
of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public 
Works of the Senate--
(A) a summary of the findings and recommendations 
described in such report; and
(B) for each such recommendation--
(i) the Secretary intends to implement, a 
description for the implementation plan of the 
Secretary and a timeline for implementation; 
and
(ii) the Secretary does not plan to 
implement, an explanation as to why the 
Secretary does not intend to implement such 
recommendation.
(5) Notice of proposed rulemaking.--The Secretary shall 
issue a notice of proposed rulemaking for any regulatory 
changes recommended by the transportation rulemaking committee 
that the Secretary intends to implement.

SEC. 1314. STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF DISCRETIONARY GRANT PROGRAMS.

(a) In General.--Not later than 6 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall initiate a study 
on the effectiveness of highway-related discretionary grant programs 
administered by the Department.
(b) Considerations.--In conducting the study required under 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall review--
(1) the criteria used by the Department to evaluate and 
select projects for funding, including--
(A) the alignment of funding decisions with 
statutory program objectives; and
(B) the transparency and consistency of the 
application review and award process;
(2) trends in funding allocation across project types, 
geographic regions, and jurisdictions, including a comparison 
of various Department funding sources;
(3) the average timeline from application submission to 
award notification and obligation of funds, including--
(A) the prevalence and source of cost overruns, 
schedule delays, and project scope changes or 
cancellations, and the contributing factors; and
(B) effective practices that led to successful 
project completion within budget and on schedule;
(4) the outcome of projects completed using discretionary 
funding compared to formula funding; and
(5) the frequency with which grant recipients at the local 
government level attempted to seek funding for a project with 
alternative funding sources, including Federal formula funds, 
before receiving a grant.
(c) Consultation.--In conducting the study required under 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall consult with relevant 
stakeholders, including--
(1) State departments of transportation;
(2) transit agencies;
(3) metropolitan planning organizations;
(4) local governments, including at least 1 representative 
each from a city, town, and county;
(5) Tribal governments;
(6) a representative from a labor organization representing 
transportation construction workers;
(7) representatives of the construction industry, including 
representatives with experience constructing highway 
infrastructure systems and public transportation infrastructure 
systems;
(8) representatives from the design and engineering 
industry; and
(9) relevant Federal agencies and any other stakeholders 
the Comptroller General determines to be appropriate.
(d) Report.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit to 
the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House 
of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public 
Works of the Senate a report on the results of the study 
conducted under subsection (a).
(2) Recommendations.--The Comptroller General shall include 
in the report submitted under paragraph (1) recommendations 
associated with the results of the study, including 
recommendations to--
(A) enhance project selection criteria to achieve 
grant program objectives;
(B) minimize cost overruns and delays in project 
delivery;
(C) better align discretionary grant program 
criteria with statutory program requirements and 
objectives; and
(D) improve the efficiency and administration of 
the discretionary grant programs of the Department.

SEC. 1315. STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF FORMULA GRANT PROGRAMS.

(a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General shall initiate a study on the 
effectiveness of highway formula grant programs administered by State 
departments of transportation.
(b) Considerations.--In conducting the study required under 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall review--
(1) the criteria used by State departments of 
transportation to evaluate and select projects to receive 
highway formula funding, including--
(A) the alignment of funding decisions with the 
national goals under section 150(b) of title 23, United 
States Code; and
(B) procedures used by different State departments 
of transportation to provide formula grants to regional 
or local governments within the State, when 
appropriate; and
(2) the extent to which highway formula funding increases 
have or have not led to the attainment of the goals under 
section 150(b) of title 23, United States Code.
(c) Report.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit to 
the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House 
of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public 
Works of the Senate a report on the results of the study 
conducted under subsection (a).
(2) Recommendations.--The Comptroller General shall include 
in the report submitted under paragraph (1) recommendations 
associated with the results of the study.

SEC. 1316. NATIONAL ACADEMIES REVIEW OF HIGHWAY SYSTEMS.

(a) Study.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary shall seek to enter into an agreement with the 
Transportation Research Board of the National Academy of Science to 
conduct a comprehensive study to review the necessity of, interaction 
of, and coordination between various Federal Highway Administration 
recognized highway networks and systems, including--
(1) the National Highway System;
(2) the Interstate System;
(3) the strategic highway network;
(4) the National Network;
(5) the National Highway Freight Network;
(6) the primary highway freight system;
(7) critical urban freight corridors;
(8) critical rural freight corridors;
(9) intermodal connectors;
(10) alternative fuel corridors;
(11) the Appalachian Development Highway System;
(12) the Alaska Marine Highway System;
(13) the Denali access system;
(14) Marine highway transportation routes;
(15) high priority corridors;
(16) designated future parts of the Interstate System; and
(17) any other highway systems the Transportation Research 
Board determines to be relevant.
(b) Consultation.--In conducting the study under subsection (a), 
the Transportation Research Board shall consult with--
(1) the Federal Highway Administration;
(2) the Maritime Administration;
(3) the Office of Multimodal Freight Infrastructure and 
Policy;
(4) State departments of transportation; and
(5) any other entities the Transportation Research Board 
determines to be relevant.
(c) Contents.--In conducting the study under subsection (a), the 
Transportation Research Board shall consider, at a minimum, the 
following:
(1) The overlap of the various highway networks and 
systems, including which systems are encompassed on larger or 
multiple networks.
(2) Departmental funding availability for each highway 
network and system.
(3) The role of State and local governments in designating 
a public road to a highway network and system.
(4) The Federal rationale for each highway network and 
system.
(d) Report.--If the Transportation Research Board enters into an 
agreement under subsection (a), not later than 18 months after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Transportation Research Board shall 
submit to the Secretary, the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on 
Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report describing the 
results of the study conducted pursuant to such subsection.

SEC. 1317. REVIEW OF STATE AND LOCAL CONSULTATION PROCESSES.

(a) In General.--The Comptroller General shall conduct a review of 
the surface transportation block grant program under section 133 of 
title 23, United States Code (referred to in this section as the 
``Program'').
(b) Contents.--In conducting the review required under subsection 
(a), the Comptroller General shall evaluate--
(1) the process by which the Federal Highway Administration 
notifies States and metropolitan planning organizations of 
amounts apportioned to States to be obligated in areas based on 
population;
(2) amounts apportioned to States required to be obligated 
in areas based on population, including unobligated balances of 
the amounts and factors that may be contributing to such 
balances;
(3) consultation processes established by States to consult 
with metropolitan planning organizations and regional 
transportation planning organizations for amounts required to 
be obligated in such areas based on population; and
(4) State selection processes for projects funded by 
amounts required to be obligated in areas based on population.
(c) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report 
that describes--
(1) the findings of the review required under subsection 
(a); and
(2) any recommendations to improve consultation processes 
and communication between States, metropolitan planning 
organizations, and regional transportation planning 
organizations under the Program to address State and local 
infrastructure needs.

SEC. 1318. EMERGENCY RELIEF WORKING GROUP.

(a) Establishment.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall convene a working group to 
provide recommendations for supporting emergency relief efforts 
following natural disasters and assessing vulnerabilities in surface 
transportation assets.
(b) Membership.--The working group shall be composed of 
representatives from--
(1) the Federal Highway Administration;
(2) the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration;
(3) the Federal Transit Administration;
(4) the Federal Emergency Management Agency;
(5) State departments of transportation;
(6) transit agencies; and
(7) any other stakeholders that the Secretary determines 
appropriate.
(c) Duties.--The working group convened under this section shall 
analyze and make recommendations, as appropriate, regarding--
(1) the ability of a State or transit agency to assess 
vulnerabilities of surface transportation assets in response to 
natural disasters and severe weather events;
(2) best practices for a State or transit agency to 
facilitate projects to mitigate the risk of recurring damage or 
the cost of future repair from extreme weather, flooding, and 
other natural disasters;
(3) opportunities to expedite the timeline for eligible 
activities under section 125 of title 23, United States Code, 
or section 5324 of title 49, United States Code;
(4) opportunities within and potential revisions to section 
390.23 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, to increase 
flexibility for commercial motor vehicle operators assisting in 
emergency relief efforts that achieve safety levels equivalent 
to or greater than existing Federal motor carrier safety 
regulations; and
(5) opportunities for coordination between the Department 
and the Federal Emergency Management Agency to provide 
emergency relief following natural disasters.
(d) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date on which the 
working group is established under this section, the working group 
shall submit to the Secretary a report that includes a summary of the 
findings and recommendations developed under subsection (c).
(e) Recommendations.--Not later than 90 days after the date on 
which the Secretary receives the report under subsection (d), the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Environment and Public Works and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation of the Senate--
(1) a summary of the findings and recommendations under the 
report; and
(2) for each recommendation--
(A) the Secretary intends to implement, a 
description of the plan and timeline for 
implementation; and
(B) the Secretary does not intend to implement, an 
explanation as to why the Secretary does not intend to 
implement such recommendation.
(f) Termination.--The working group shall terminate on the date 
that is 180 days after the date on which the Secretary receives the 
report required under subsection (d).

SEC. 1319. STOPPING THREATS ON PEDESTRIANS.

Section 11502(f) of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (23 
U.S.C. 148 note) is amended by striking ``fiscal years 2022 through 
2026'' and inserting ``fiscal years 2027 through 2031''.

SEC. 1320. ELIMINATING UNNECESSARY REPORTING AND REQUIREMENTS.

(a) State Flexibility for National Highway System Modifications.--
Section 1122(d) of FAST Act (23 U.S.C. 103 note), and the item relating 
to such section in the table of contents in section 1(b) of such Act, 
are repealed.
(b) Roadside Barrier Technology.--Section 1058 of the Intermodal 
Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 109 note) is 
repealed.

SEC. 1321. CONTRACTING FOR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN SERVICES.

(a) In General.--Section 112(b)(2)(F) of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ``the States of West Virginia or 
Minnesota'' and inserting ``the State of West Virginia''.
(b) Applicability.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall 
apply to contracts entered into after the date of enactment of this 
Act.

SEC. 1322. ADVANCING PROJECTS IN COLD WEATHER STATES.

(a) Review.--The Secretary shall review policies and procedures of 
the Federal Highway Administration relating to the Federal-aid highway 
program to ensure that such policies and procedures sufficiently 
prioritize reviews of construction projects in States in which 
construction season may be limited by cold weather.
(b) Technical Assistance.--The Secretary shall provide technical 
assistance and best practices to State departments of transportation 
for advancing Federal-aid projects in States in which construction may 
be limited by cold weather.

SEC. 1323. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP ON ROADWAY MANAGEMENT IN INCLEMENT 
WEATHER.

(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish an interagency 
working group with other appropriate Federal agencies to develop best 
practices for roadway management in inclement weather.
(b) Submission to Congress.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
on which the best practices required under subsection (a) are 
established, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate such best 
practices.
(c) Sunset.--The interagency working group established under 
subsection (a) shall terminate on the date that is 30 days after the 
date on which the best practices required under subsection (b) are 
submitted to Congress.

SEC. 1324. TERMINATION OF NEIGHBORHOOD ACCESS AND EQUITY GRANT PROGRAM.

Section 177 of title 23, United States Code, and the item relating 
to such section in the analysis for chapter 1 of such title, are 
repealed.

SEC. 1325. TASK FORCE ON DEVELOPING A 21ST CENTURY SURFACE 
TRANSPORTATION WORKFORCE.

(a) Study.--Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary shall establish a task force on developing a 
21st century surface transportation workforce (in this section referred 
to as the ``Task Force'').
(b) Duties.--Not later than 1 year after the establishment of the 
Task Force under subsection (a), the Task Force shall develop and 
submit to the Secretary recommendations and strategies for the 
Department to--
(1) evaluate the current and future state of the surface 
transportation workforce, including projected job needs in the 
surface transportation sector;
(2) identify factors influencing individuals pursuing 
careers in surface transportation, including barriers to 
attracting individuals in surface transportation careers;
(3) address barriers to retaining individuals in surface 
transportation careers;
(4) identify and address potential impacts of emerging 
technologies on the surface transportation workforce;
(5) facilitate and encourage elementary, secondary, and 
post-secondary students in the United States to pursue careers 
in the surface transportation sector; and
(6) identify and develop pathways for students and 
individuals to secure pre-apprenticeships, registered 
apprenticeships, and other work-based learning opportunities in 
the surface transportation sector of the United States.
(c) Considerations.--In developing recommendations and strategies 
under subsection (b), the Task Force shall--
(1) identify factors that influence whether young people 
pursue careers in surface transportation;
(2) consider how the Department, businesses, industry, 
labor, educators, and other stakeholders can coordinate efforts 
to support qualified individuals in pursuing careers in the 
surface transportation sector;
(3) identify methods of enhancing surface transportation 
pre-apprenticeships and registered apprenticeships, job skills 
training, mentorship, education, and outreach programs that are 
exclusive to youth in the United States;
(4) identify potential sources of funding, including grants 
and scholarships, that may be used to support youth and other 
qualified individuals in pursuing careers in the surface 
transportation sector; and
(5) consider opportunities to update programs administered 
by the Department to support the transportation workforce.
(d) Consultation.--In developing the recommendations and strategies 
required under subsection (b), the Task Force may consult with--
(1) local educational agencies and institutions of higher 
education, including community colleges and vocational schools; 
and
(2) State workforce development boards.
(e) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the submission of the 
recommendations and strategies under subsection (b), the Secretary 
shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and 
Public Works of the Senate a report containing such recommendations and 
strategies.
(f) Composition of Task Force.--The Secretary shall appoint members 
of the Task Force whose diverse backgrounds and expertise allow such 
members to contribute balanced points of view and ideas in carrying out 
this section, comprised of equal representation from each of the 
following:
(1) Industries in the surface transportation sector.
(2) Representatives from labor organizations representing 
surface transportation workers.
(3) Such other surface transportation stakeholders and 
experts as the Secretary considers appropriate.
(g) Period of Appointment.--Members shall be appointed to the Task 
Force for the duration of the existence of the Task Force.
(h) Compensation.--Members of the Task Force shall serve without 
compensation.
(i) Sunset.--The Task Force shall terminate upon the submission of 
the report required under subsection (e).
(j) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) Pre-apprenticeship.--The term ``pre-apprenticeship'' 
means a training model or program that prepares individuals for 
acceptance into a registered apprenticeship and has 
demonstrated partnership with 1 or more registered 
apprenticeships.
(2) Registered apprenticeship.--The term ``registered 
apprenticeship'' means an apprenticeship program registered 
under the Act of August 16, 1937 (29 U.S. 50 et seq.; commonly 
known as the ``National Apprenticeship Act''), that satisfies 
the requirements of parts 29 and 30 of title 29, Code of 
Federal Regulations (as in effect on January 1, 2020).

SEC. 1326. STUDY ON NATIONAL COMMUTING TRENDS.

(a) In General.--Not later than 6 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall seek to enter into an 
agreement with the Transportation Research Board of the National 
Academy of Science to conduct a study on national trends related to 
commuting.
(b) Contents.--In conducting the study under subsection (a), the 
Transportation Research Board shall--
(1) conduct research on national commuting trends, 
including telework and hybrid-work arrangements;
(2) evaluate the impact of such trends on transportation 
demand, congestion, air quality, economic vitality of business 
districts, and commuter quality of life; and
(3) develop best practices or planning guidance to help 
State departments of transportation and metropolitan planning 
organizations incorporate such trends into transportation 
planning and travel demand modeling.
(c) Report.--If the Transportation Research Board enters into an 
agreement under subsection (a), not later than 18 months after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Transportation Research Board shall 
submit to the Secretary, the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on 
Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report containing the 
results of the study under subsection (a), including--
(1) the findings of the research conducted under subsection 
(b)(1);
(2) an analysis of the impacts on commuting trends 
evaluated under subsection (b)(2); and
(3) recommendations for State departments of transportation 
and metropolitan planning organizations, including the best 
practices and planning guidance developed under subsection 
(b)(3).

SEC. 1327. NOTIFICATION ON REGRESSIVE SAFETY TARGETS.

When a State sets a regressive performance target under section 
150(c)(4) of title 23, United States Code, the Secretary shall--
(1) notify the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate; and
(2) make a list of States that set such a target publicly 
available on the website of the Department.

SEC. 1328. STUDY ON DOMESTIC AVAILABILITY OF YELLOW PAINT.

(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall study the feasibility of 
requiring yellow paint (including the pigment used to produce water-
based paint) for road and highway surface markings to be manufactured 
domestically.
(b) Considerations.--In conducting the study under subsection (a), 
the Secretary shall consider--
(1) the domestic availability of yellow paint described in 
such subsection;
(2) the domestic manufacturing capacity to produce the 
amount of yellow paint necessary to meet the needs of States 
and local governments;
(3) the number of domestic manufacturers producing such 
yellow paint;
(4) the current share of yellow paint produced by domestic 
manufacturers to meet road and highway surface marking needs;
(5) the costs associated with requiring the domestic 
manufacturing of such yellow paint; and
(6) the amount of yellow paint necessary to maintain all 
road and highway surface markings in the United States.
(c) Report.--The Secretary shall report to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate on the 
findings of the study required under subsection (a).
(d) Authority.--Following the study under subsection (a), if the 
Secretary determines that there is sufficient domestic manufacturing 
capacity of yellow paint to address the needs of all road and highway 
surface markings in the United States, the Secretary shall recommend to 
the Director of the Office of Management and Budget to update relevant 
Buy America guidance, including the implementation guidance of the Made 
in America Office, to reflect such determination.

SEC. 1329. STUDY ON CORROSION PREVENTION FOR BRIDGES.

Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary shall--
(1) carry out a study on best practices for--
(A) the frequency and method of inspecting 
corrosion on weathering steel bridges; and
(B) addressing corrosion on weathering steel 
bridges;
(2) submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and Committee on 
Environment and Public Works a report on the results of the 
study under paragraph (1); and
(3) make the report under paragraph (2) available to State 
departments of transportation, metropolitan planning 
organizations (as such term is defined in section 134(b) of 
title 23, United States Code), regional transportation planning 
organizations (as such term is defined in section 134(b) of 
title 23, United States Code), and units of local government 
that own bridge assets.

SEC. 1330. FUNDING FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAYS GUIDANCE.

Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary shall revise, update, and make publicly available the 
Federal Highway Administration publication titled ``Funding Federal-aid 
Highways'', issued January 2017 (Publication Number FHWA-PL-17-011) to 
account for--
(1) changes in law since the publication date of such 
publication; and
(2) the provisions of this Act, including any amendments 
made by this Act.

TITLE II--TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE AND INNOVATION

SEC. 2001. INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE.

(a) Definitions.--
(1) In general.--Section 601(a) of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended--
(A) in paragraph (12)--
(i) in subparagraph (E)--
(I) in the matter preceding clause 
(i) by striking ``infrastructure'' and 
inserting ``infrastructure that is'';
(II) by striking clause (ii); and
(III) in clause (i)--
(aa) by striking ``that--
``(I) is'';
(bb) in subclause (II)--

(AA) by striking 
``is a project'' and 
inserting ``a 
project''; and

(BB) in item (dd) 
by striking ``and'' and 
the end; and

(cc) by redesignating 
subclause (II) as clause (ii) 
(and redesignating items (aa) 
through (dd) of such subclause 
as subclauses (I) through (IV), 
respectively);
(ii) in subparagraph (G) by striking ``for 
which'' and all that follows through ``for 
assistance''; and
(iii) by striking subparagraph (H) and 
inserting the following:
``(H) purchasing or leasing of drayage trucks.'';
(B) by redesignating paragraphs (14) through (22) 
as paragraphs (16) through (24), respectively;
(C) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (13) as 
paragraphs (3) through (14), respectively;
(D) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
``(2) Drayage truck.--The term `drayage truck' means any 
in-use on-road vehicle that--
``(A) has a gross vehicle weight rating greater 
than 26,000 pounds;
``(B) is used for transporting cargo; and
``(C) operates on, moves through, or operates in 
transit to or from, a seaport or an intermodal freight 
transfer facility to load, unload, or transport cargo, 
including empty containers or chassis.''; and
(E) by inserting after paragraph (14), as so 
redesignated, the following:
``(15) Qualified financial institution.--The term 
`qualified financial institution' means--
``(A) an insured depository institution as defined 
in section 3(c)(2) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act 
(12 U.S.C. 1813(c)(2));
``(B) an insured credit union as defined in section 
101 of the Federal Credit Union Act (12 U.S.C. 1752); 
and
``(C) any other financial institution that--
``(i) is regulated or supervised by--
``(I) the Board of Governors of the 
Federal Reserve System;
``(II) the Securities and Exchange 
Commission;
``(III) the Federal Housing Finance 
Agency;
``(IV) the Farm Credit 
Administration; or
``(V) any other Federal financial 
regulatory agency;
``(ii) is regularly engaged in the business 
of extending credit or making credit 
determinations; and
``(iii) the Secretary determines has 
demonstrated experience in the underwriting or 
provision of credit.''.
(2) Conforming amendments.--
(A) Determination of eligibility and project 
selection.--Section 602 of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended--
(i) in subsection (a)(5)(B)(ii) by striking 
``section 601(a)(12)(E)'' and inserting 
``section 601(a)(13)(E)''; and
(ii) in subsection (e) by striking 
``section 601(a)(2)(A)'' and inserting 
``section 601(a)(3)(A)''.
(B) Funding.--Section 608(a)(4) of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended by striking ``section 
601(a)(12)(E)'' and inserting ``section 601(a)(13)(E)'' 
each place it appears.
(b) Determination of Eligibility and Project Selection.--Section 
602 of title 23, United States Code, is further amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) in paragraph (2) by adding at the end the 
following:
``(C) Alternative credit assessment.--The Secretary 
shall accept a due diligence analysis and underwriting 
analysis prepared by a qualified financial institution 
providing debt for a project as evidence of 
creditworthiness of the project supplemental to the 
applicable creditworthiness standards described in 
subparagraph (A).''; and
(B) in paragraph (5)(B)--
(i) in clause (i) by striking 
``$15,000,000'' and inserting ``$10,000,000''; 
and
(ii) in clause (iii)--
(I) by striking ``In the case'' and 
inserting ``(I) in general.--In the 
case'';
(II) by striking ``$100,000,000'' 
and inserting ``$150,000,000''; and
(III) by adding at the end the 
following:
``(II) Annual adjustment for 
inflation.--Beginning in the first year 
after the date of enactment of this 
subclause, the Secretary shall adjust 
annually the $150,000,000 limit on 
eligible project costs in subclause (I) 
to reflect any increase in the Consumer 
Price Index for All Urban Consumers 
published by the Department of 
Labor.''; and
(2) in subsection (c)--
(A) in paragraph (1)(B) by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ``, subject to paragraph (2).''; 
and
(B) in paragraph (2)--
(i) by striking ``No funding'' and 
inserting ``(A) in general.--No funding''; and
(ii) by adding at the end the following:
``(B) Exemption.--
``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
notwithstanding section 102(2)(C) of the 
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 
U.S.C. 4332(2)(C)), a finding of no significant 
impact, a record of decision, and any similar 
analysis under the National Environmental 
Policy Act of 1969 prepared for purposes of 
complying with subparagraph (A) shall not 
include an evaluation of the environmental 
effects of the acquisition of real property by 
a nonpublic entity for use in a project 
described in section 601(a)(13)(E), for which 
an application for credit assistance under the 
TIFIA program has not been submitted as of the 
date of such acquisition.
``(ii) Public entity ownership.--Clause (i) 
shall not apply with respect to any component 
of a project described in clause (i) that is 
located within the geographic boundaries of the 
real property acquired and that will be owned, 
in full or in part, by a public entity for a 
majority of the term of a secured loan issued 
for such project.
``(C) Categorical exclusions.--The following 
activities, if carried out on or after the date of 
enactment of this subparagraph as a project (or part of 
a project) described in section 601(a)(13)(E), are a 
category of activities hereby designated as being 
categorically excluded from the preparation of an 
environmental assessment or an environmental impact 
statement under the National Environmental Policy Act 
of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.):
``(i) Rehabilitation or conversion of an 
existing office building to a residential or 
mixed-use building occupying substantially the 
same geographic footprint.
``(ii) Construction or reconstruction of a 
new commercial building--
``(I) consistent with existing land 
use and zoning requirements; and
``(II) on land disturbed for 
transportation use (as such phrase is 
used in section 771.118(c)(9) of title 
23, Code of Federal Regulations, or any 
successor regulations) or disturbed 
land adjacent to land disturbed for 
transportation use.''.
(c) Secured Loans.--Section 603(a) of title 23, United States Code, 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
``(4) Loan disbursement.--Upon request from the obligor, 
the Secretary may delay issuance of the secured loan funds 
until a date, to be specified by the obligor, during the 2-year 
period beginning on the date that the project is determined to 
be in substantial completion, so long as the obligor is 
compliant with the credit agreement on the date of issuance.''.
(d) Program Administration.--Section 605(f)(1) of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended by striking ``$2,000,000'' and inserting 
``$3,000,000''.
(e) Funding.--Section 608(a) of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in paragraph (4)(B)--
(A) in clause (i) by striking ``under the Surface 
Transportation Reauthorization Act of 2021''; and
(B) in clause (ii)--
(i) by striking ``fiscal years 2022 through 
2026'' and inserting ``fiscal years 2027 
through 2031''; and
(ii) by striking ``(as of October 1, 
2021)'' and inserting ``(as of October 1, 
2026)''; and
(2) in paragraph (6) by striking ``fiscal years 2022 
through 2026'' and inserting ``fiscal years 2027 through 
2031''.
(f) State Infrastructure Bank Program.--Section 610 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (d) by striking ``fiscal years 2022 
through 2026'' and inserting ``fiscal years 2027 through 2031'' 
each place it appears; and
(2) in subsection (k) by striking ``fiscal years 2022 
through 2026'' and inserting ``fiscal years 2027 through 
2031''.

SEC. 2002. EMERGENCY LOAN RELIEF DUE TO MAJOR DISASTER.

(a) In General.--Chapter 6 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 612. Emergency loan relief due to major disaster
``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
``(1) Cost; modification.--The terms `cost' and 
`modification' have the meanings given such terms, 
respectively, in section 502 of the Federal Credit Reform Act 
of 1990 (2 U.S.C. 661a), and the term `modification' shall 
include an interest rate reset under this section.
``(2) Eligible borrower.--The term `eligible borrower' 
means a recipient of an eligible loan administered under the 
TIFIA program.
``(3) Eligible loan.--The term `eligible loan' means a loan 
issued under the TIFIA program.
``(4) Major disaster.--The term `major disaster' means a 
major disaster declared by the President pursuant to section 
401 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency 
Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5170).
``(5) Obligor; tifia program.--The terms `obligor' and 
`TIFIA program' have the meanings given such terms, 
respectively, in section 601(a).
``(b) Emergency Interest Rate Reset.--
``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding section 603(b)(4), if at 
any time after the date of execution of a credit agreement for 
an eligible loan entered into after the date of enactment of 
the BUILD America 250 Act, the eligible borrower of the 
eligible loan is unable, as a result of a major disaster, to 
generate sufficient revenues from all dedicated revenue sources 
such that the eligible borrower is unable to pay the scheduled 
repayments of principal and interest on the eligible loan--
``(A) the eligible borrower may submit to the 
Secretary a request, in such manner and containing such 
information as the Secretary may require, to reset the 
interest rate of the eligible loan; and
``(B) the Secretary--
``(i) shall determine whether the eligible 
borrower meets criteria established under 
subsection (d); and
``(ii) if the eligible borrower meets such 
criteria and provided that sufficient budget 
authority is available to accommodate the cost 
of the modification, may reset the interest 
rate of the eligible loan (including through 
amendment of the credit agreement for the 
eligible loan) to a lower interest rate that is 
not less than the yield on United States 
Treasury securities of a similar maturity to 
the maturity of the eligible loan on the date 
of the reset, if lower than the existing 
interest rate on the eligible loan.
``(2) Applicability.--A lower interest rate provided with 
respect to an eligible loan pursuant to paragraph (1)(B)(ii) 
may be for a period of time the Secretary determines 
appropriate, including through the final maturity date of the 
eligible loan.
``(c) Other Loan Modifications.--With respect to an eligible 
borrower described in paragraph (1) of subsection (b), the Secretary, 
in carrying out subparagraph (B) of such paragraph, may--
``(1) allow, for a maximum aggregate period of not more 
than 5 years, an obligor to add unpaid principal and interest 
to the outstanding balance of the loan, subject to the 
requirements under section 603(c)(3)(B), as applicable; and
``(2) notwithstanding section 603(a), extend any applicable 
disbursement period established under an agreement for credit 
assistance made pursuant to section 603, as applicable.
``(d) Criteria.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish criteria 
for an eligible borrower to be eligible to receive a lower 
interest rate or other loan modification under this section.
``(2) Factors for consideration.--In establishing criteria 
under paragraph (1), the Secretary--
``(A) shall establish objective metrics to measure 
whether an eligible borrower is unable to generate 
sufficient revenues as a result of a major disaster; 
and
``(B) may take into consideration such factors as 
the Secretary determines to be relevant, including 
whether the lowering of an interest rate or the 
modification of a loan under this section would achieve 
any of--
``(i) maintaining the operation of a 
project carried out by an eligible borrower in 
a disaster, emergency, or other extenuating 
circumstance;
``(ii) mitigating the financial impact on 
an eligible borrower of a disaster, emergency, 
or other extenuating circumstance; or
``(iii) protecting the interests of the 
Federal Government in critical 
infrastructure.''.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 6 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

``612. Emergency loan relief due to major disaster.''.

SEC. 2003. PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY.

Section 116 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) by redesignating subsections (i) and (j) as subsections 
(j) and (k), respectively; and
(2) by inserting after subsection (h) the following:
``(i) Personnel Management Authority.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary may carry out a program of 
personnel management authority provided in paragraph (2) in 
order to facilitate the recruitment or retention of experts in 
finance and investment for the Bureau.
``(2) Salaries and relocation expenses.--Under the program 
under this subsection, the official responsible for the program 
may--
``(A) without regard to any provision of title 5 
governing the appointment of employees in the civil 
service, in the case of the Bureau, appoint individuals 
to a total of not more than 20 positions in the Bureau;
``(B) notwithstanding any provision of title 5 
governing the rates of pay or classification of 
employees in the executive branch, prescribe the rates 
of basic pay for positions to which employees are 
appointed under subparagraph (A) at a rate to be 
determined by the head of the organization concerned up 
to 150 percent of the total annual compensation payable 
to the Vice President under section 104 of title 3; and
``(C) during any fiscal year, pay up to 5 
individuals newly appointed pursuant to subparagraph 
(A) the travel, transportation, and relocation expenses 
and services described under sections 5724, 5724a, and 
5724c of title 5.''.

SEC. 2004. STUDY ON ESTABLISHMENT OF FEDERAL INFRASTRUCTURE BANK.

(a) Study.--Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary shall seek to enter into an agreement with the 
National Academies to conduct a study on the establishment of a Federal 
Infrastructure Bank to facilitate investment in, and the long-term 
financing of, economically viable United States infrastructure projects 
that provide a public benefit, including best practices for 
implementing such bank.
(b) Elements.--The study conducted pursuant to subsection (a) 
shall--
(1) identify potential forms of credit assistance a Federal 
Infrastructure Bank could provide, including loans, loan 
guarantees, lines of credit, and equity investments;
(2) examine how a Federal Infrastructure Bank could--
(A) increase State, local, and Tribal government 
investment in infrastructure projects, including 
transportation, water, and energy projects;
(B) reduce average financing timelines relative to 
other Federal credit assistance programs; and
(C) increase the lending capacity of existing State 
infrastructure banks;
(3) analyze the opportunities a Federal Infrastructure Bank 
presents in--
(A) reducing barriers to the financing of 
multimodal or multijurisdictional projects;
(B) attracting foreign investment from a country 
other than a covered foreign country;
(C) financing nonrevenue infrastructure projects 
and projects located in rural and economically 
disadvantaged areas; and
(D) complementing but not duplicating existing 
Federal credit assistance programs for infrastructure 
projects;
(4) examine how a national infrastructure bank that is 
substantially owned or controlled by the Federal Government 
would be subject to Federal budget laws and accounting rules 
and procedures; and
(5) identify best practices of other infrastructure banks, 
including--
(A) national infrastructure banks or other 
specialized development banks located in a country 
other than a covered foreign country; and
(B) the California Infrastructure and Economic 
Development Bank.
(c) Consultation.--In preparing the study required under subsection 
(a), the National Academies shall consult with--
(1) the Secretary and other heads of relevant Federal 
agencies;
(2) State infrastructure banks; and
(3) stakeholders with expertise in financial markets and 
infrastructure financing.
(d) Report.--An agreement entered into under subsection (a) shall 
require that, not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the National Academies submit a report detailing the findings 
of the study required under subsection (a) to--
(1) the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of 
the House of Representatives;
(2) the Committee on Financial Services of the House of 
Representatives;
(3) the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the 
Senate;
(4) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation 
of the Senate; and
(5) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
Development of the Senate.
(e) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) Covered entity.--The term ``covered entity'' means--
(A) a State;
(B) any other governmental entity, including a 
political subdivision or any other instrumentality of a 
State;
(C) a State infrastructure bank;
(D) a partnership, including a public-private 
partnership;
(E) a corporation, limited liability company, or 
any other legally established corporate form;
(F) a joint venture;
(G) a trust; or
(H) a revolving fund.
(2) Covered foreign country.--The term ``covered foreign 
country'' has the meaning given that term in section 164(e) of 
the Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 (10 U.S.C. note 
prec. 4651).
(3) Federal infrastructure bank.--The term ``Federal 
Infrastructure Bank'' means a federally-chartered and 
privately-funded bank established to provide to a covered 
entity credit assistance, including equity investments, direct 
loans, indirect loans, and loan guarantees, for the planning, 
predevelopment, design, construction, operations, or 
maintenance of infrastructure projects in the United States.
(4) State.--The term ``State'' means a State of the United 
States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto 
Rico, the Northern Mariana Islands, the United States Virgin 
Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and any other territory or 
possession of the United States.
(5) State infrastructure bank.--The term ``State 
infrastructure bank'' means a State infrastructure bank or 
multistate infrastructure bank established pursuant to--
(A) section 350 of the National Highway System 
Designation Act of 1995 (23 U.S.C. 101 note);
(B) section 1511 of the Transportation Equity Act 
for the 21st Century (23 U.S.C. 181 note);
(C) section 610 of title 23, United States Code; or
(D) any State law that establishes such bank as an 
agency, component unit, or other governmental entity of 
the State.

TITLE III--PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION

Subtitle A--Reforms

SEC. 3001. PURPOSE AND DECLARATION OF POLICY.

Section 5301 of title 49, United States Code, is amended to read as 
follows:
``Sec. 5301. Purpose and declaration of policy
``(a) General Purpose.--The purpose of this chapter is to foster 
the delivery of safe, high-quality transit services by public 
transportation providers to individuals, including individuals with 
disabilities, seniors, and individuals who depend on public 
transportation, including through Federal funding to public 
transportation systems.
``(b) Declaration of Policy.--It is in the interest of the United 
States, including the economic interest of the United States, that 
authorities granted to the Secretary under this chapter facilitate--
``(1) the safe transportation of passengers, workers, and 
property on public transportation systems;
``(2) projects to develop and revitalize public 
transportation systems in a manner that--
``(A) provides safe, efficient, and convenient 
public transportation at the lowest cost; and
``(B) fosters cooperation of both public 
transportation companies and private companies engaged 
in public transportation;
``(3) the development of intermodal connections between 
transit services and other transportation modes and systems to 
serve public transportation passengers efficiently and 
effectively;
``(4) the research, development, demonstration, and 
deployment of projects dedicated to improving the delivery of 
safe and effective public transportation services;
``(5) the development of the public transportation 
workforce;
``(6) the maintenance of a state of good repair of public 
transportation infrastructure and vehicles;
``(7) the adoption of innovative technology, concepts, and 
approaches to promote safety, capacity, and efficiency 
improvements for projects funded by a fixed guideway capital 
investment grant;
``(8) economic development;
``(9) the development and delivery of capital projects;
``(10) cooperative and comprehensive planning that improves 
the performance of the transportation network; and
``(11) technical assistance for recipients of assistance 
under this chapter to more effectively and efficiently provide 
public transportation service.''.

SEC. 3002. DEFINITIONS.

(a) In General.--Section 5302 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in paragraph (2)--
(A) by striking ``or use and that are physically or 
functionally related'' and inserting ``use, 
accessibility, navigability, or safety and that are 
physically or functionally related'';
(B) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (G) 
as clauses (i) through (vii), respectively;
(C) by striking ```associated transit improvement' 
means, with respect to any project or an area to be 
served by a project, projects'' and inserting 
```associated transit improvement'--
``(A) means, with respect to any project or an area 
served by a project, projects'';
(D) by striking ``facilities. Eligible projects 
are--'' and inserting ``facilities; and
``(B) are projects related to--''; and
(E) in clause (i), as so redesignated, by striking 
``intended'' and inserting ``planned'';
(2) by striking paragraph (16);
(3) by redesignating paragraphs (4) through (15) as 
paragraphs (5) through (16), respectively;
(4) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following new 
paragraph:
``(4) Capital asset.--The term `capital asset' means a unit 
of rolling stock, a facility, a unit of equipment, or an 
element of infrastructure used for providing public 
transportation owned, operated, or managed by a recipient of 
financial assistance under this chapter.'';
(5) in paragraph (5), as so redesignated--
(A) in subparagraph (I)--
(i) in clause (i) by striking ``or'' at the 
end;
(ii) in clause (ii)(III) by striking the 
period at the end and inserting ``; or''; and
(iii) by adding at the end the following:
``(iii) under section 5308.'';
(B) in subparagraph (M) by striking ``improvements; 
or'' and inserting ``improvements--
``(i) within 2.5 miles of a transit 
facility for projects described in clauses (v) 
and (vii) of paragraph (2)(B);
``(ii) within a half mile of a transit 
facility for projects described in clauses (i), 
(iii), and (iv) of paragraph (2)(B); and
``(iii) at any location within the service 
area of a public transportation provider for 
projects described in clauses (ii) and (vi) of 
paragraph (2)(B);'';
(C) in subparagraph (N) by striking the period at 
the end and inserting ``; or''; and
(D) by adding at the end the following new 
subparagraph:
``(O) software, contracted or wholly owned, that is 
related to the delivery of public transportation 
services, including software as a service and cloud-
based software.'';
(6) in paragraph (21) by striking ``The term'' and all that 
follows through the period at the end and inserting ``With 
respect to a capital asset, the term `state of good repair' 
means the condition of the capital asset at which the capital 
asset is able to operate at a full level of performance, as 
such condition is determined by the standards prescribed by the 
Secretary in subpart D of part 625 of title 49, Code of Federal 
Regulations, or any successor regulation.'';
(7) by redesignating paragraphs (22) through (25) as 
paragraphs (23) through (26), respectively; and
(8) by inserting after paragraph (21) the following new 
paragraph:
``(22) Transit asset management plan.--The term `transit 
asset management plan' means a plan--
``(A) developed by a recipient of funding under 
this chapter;
``(B) that includes, at a minimum, capital asset 
inventories and condition assessments, decision support 
tools, and investment prioritization; and
``(C) in which the recipient certifies compliance 
with part 625 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, 
or any successor regulation.''.
(b) Technical Amendments.--Section 5323(e)(3) of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by striking ``5302(4)(J)'' and inserting 
``5302(5)(J)''.

SEC. 3003. TRANSPORTATION PLANNING.

(a) Metropolitan Transportation Planning.--Section 5303 of title 
49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (b)--
(A) by redesignating paragraphs (5) through (7) as 
paragraphs (6) through (8), respectively; and
(B) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
``(5) Primary urbanized area.--The term `primary urbanized 
area' means an urbanized area that--
``(A) has a population of at least 3,500,000 
individuals, as determined by the Bureau of Census; or
``(B) extends into more than 1 State and has a 
population of at least 200,000, as determined by the 
Bureau of Census.'';
(2) in subsection (f)(1) by striking ``metropolitan area 
and'' and inserting ``metropolitan area, including primary 
urbanized areas that extend into more than 1 State in 
accordance with section 5308, and'';
(3) in subsection (j)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by adding at the end the 
following:
``(E) Exception.--Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, the amendment of an approved TIP to 
add a project or an identified phase of a project shall 
not require public review and comment if the added 
project or the identified phase--
``(i) was in the approved TIP that 
immediately preceded the current TIP; and
``(ii) is unchanged from the project or the 
identified phase in the preceding TIP.''; and
(B) in paragraph (5)(A) by striking ``subsection 
(k)(4)'' and inserting ``subsection (k)(5)'';
(4) in subsection (k)(4)--
(A) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``In general'' 
and inserting ``Housing coordination process'';
(B) by striking subparagraph (B);
(C) in subparagraph (C)--
(i) in clause (i) by striking the 
enumerator and the heading; and
(ii) by striking clause (ii); and
(D) by redesignating subparagraph (C), as amended, 
as subparagraph (B); and
(5) by adding at the end the following:
``(s) Additional Uses of Metropolitan Planning Funding.--In 
addition to carrying out the purposes of this section, funds 
appropriated under section 104(b)(6) of title 23 and section 5305(f) to 
States and metropolitan planning organizations to carry out this 
section may be used for--
``(1) fiscal administration of local projects;
``(2) preliminary design;
``(3) local technical assistance;
``(4) studies directly linked to transportation; and
``(5) critical data procurement.''.
(b) Statewide and Nonmetropolitan Transportation Planning.--Section 
5304 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (e)(3) by striking the period at the end 
and inserting ``, including primary urbanized areas that extend 
to more than 1 State in accordance with section 5308.''; and
(2) in subsection (g)--
(A) by redesignating paragraph (9) as paragraph 
(10); and
(B) by inserting after paragraph (8) the following:
``(9) Exception.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, the amendment of an approved transportation improvement 
program to add a project or an identified phase of a project 
shall not require public review and comment if the added 
project or the identified phase--
``(A) was in the approved transportation 
improvement program that immediately preceded the 
current transportation improvement program; and
``(B) is unchanged from the project or the 
identified phase in the preceding transportation 
improvement program.''.

SEC. 3004. PLANNING PROGRAMS.

(a) In General.--Section 5305 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in subsection (d)(1)(A) by striking ``subsection 
(g)(1)'' and inserting ``subsection (f)(1)'';
(2) in subsection (d)(3)(A) by striking ``subsection 
(g)(1)'' and inserting ``subsection (f)(1)'';
(3) in subsection (e)(1)(A) by striking ``subsection 
(g)(2)'' and inserting ``subsection (f)(2)'';
(4) in subsection (e)(2) by striking ``subsection (d)'' and 
inserting ``subsection (c)'';
(5) in subsection (g)--
(A) by striking ``fiscal year'' and inserting 
``fiscal year, less the amount set aside for such 
fiscal year for the program under subsection (i)'';
(B) in paragraph (1) by striking ``subsection (d)'' 
and inserting ``subsection (c)''; and
(C) in paragraph (2) by striking ``subsection (e)'' 
and inserting ``subsection (d)'';
(6) by striking subsection (a);
(7) by redesignating subsections (b) through (h) as 
subsections (a) through (g), respectively; and
(8) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
``(h) Exemptions to Covered Territories.--
``(1) In general.--Beginning on the date of enactment of 
this subsection, the Secretary may award a grant to a covered 
territory as if the covered territory is a State, except if the 
Secretary determines that a requirement of section 5303, 5304, 
or this section is inconsistent with the needs of the covered 
territory, the Secretary may exempt the territory from such 
requirement.
``(2) Covered territory defined.--In this subsection, the 
term `covered territory' means American Samoa, the Northern 
Mariana Islands, Guam, and the Virgin Islands.''.
(b) Amendments to Pilot Program for Transit-Oriented Development 
Planning.--Subsection (b) of section 20005 of MAP-21 (49 U.S.C. 5303 
note) is amended--
(1) in the subsection heading by striking ``Pilot'';
(2) by striking paragraph (1);
(3) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as paragraphs 
(1) and (2), respectively; and
(4) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
``(3) Eligible project defined.--In this subsection, the 
term `eligible project' means a new fixed guideway capital 
project or a core capacity improvement project, as those terms 
are defined in section 5309.''.
(c) Transfer of Program for Transit-Oriented Development 
Planning.--Subsection (b) of section 20005 of MAP-21 (49 U.S.C. 5303 
note), as amended, is transferred to appear as subsection (i) of 
section 5305 of title 49, United States Code.

SEC. 3005. URBANIZED AREA FORMULA GRANTS.

(a) In General.--Section 5307 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) in paragraph (2)(A)--
(i) in clause (i) by striking ``; or'' at 
the end; and
(ii) by adding at the end the following:
``(iii) operate a minimum of 101 buses and 
a maximum of 125 buses in fixed route or demand 
response service, excluding ADA complementary 
paratransit service, during peak hours, in an 
amount not to exceed 25 percent of the share of 
the apportionment which is attributable to such 
systems within the urbanized area, as measured 
by vehicle revenue hours; or''; and
(B) in paragraph (2)(B)--
(i) in clause (i) by striking ``; or'' and 
inserting a semicolon;
(ii) in clause (ii) by striking the period 
at the end and inserting ``; or''; and
(iii) by adding at the end the following:
``(iii) operate a minimum of 101 buses and 
a maximum of 125 buses in fixed route or demand 
response service, excluding ADA complementary 
paratransit service, during peak hours, in an 
amount not to exceed 25 percent of the share of 
the apportionment allocated to such systems 
within the urbanized area, as determined by the 
local planning process and including in the 
designated recipient's final program of 
projects prepared under subsection (b).'';
(2) in subsection (b)--
(A) by striking paragraph (4); and
(B) by redesignating paragraphs (5) through (7) as 
paragraphs (4) through (6), respectively;
(3) in subsection (c)(1)--
(A) in subparagraph (I) by inserting ``or 
eliminating'' after ``raising'';
(B) by striking subparagraph (J) and inserting the 
following:
``(J) will expend not less than 1 percent of the 
amount the recipient receives for each fiscal year 
under section 5336 for crime prevention and security 
projects described in section 5321;''; and
(C) by striking subparagraph (K) and inserting:
``(K) will expend not less than 1 percent of the 
amount the recipient receives for each fiscal year 
under section 5336 to further meet or exceed the 
requirements described in part 37 or 38 of title 49, 
Code of Federal Regulations; and'';
(4) by striking subsection (f) and inserting the following:
``(f) Records, Audits, and Evaluations.--
``(1) Records.--The Secretary shall require a recipient of 
a grant under this section to keep records that--
``(A) disclose--
``(i) the amount and disposition by the 
recipient of the proceeds of the grant;
``(ii) the total cost of the plan or 
program for which the grant is given or used; 
and
``(iii) the amounts and kinds of remaining 
costs of the plan or program, as described 
under subsection (d)(3); and
``(B) enable the Secretary or another appropriate 
entity to audit such recipient.
``(2) Audits and examinations.--The Secretary and the 
Comptroller General may audit and examine any records of a 
recipient that are related to a grant made under this section.
``(3) Annual audit.--
``(A) In general.--At least annually, the Secretary 
shall carry out, or authorize a recipient to carry out 
independently, an audit of records for each grant to 
establish whether the recipient--
``(i) has carried out the requirements 
prescribed in subsection (c) for each grant 
made pursuant to this section;
``(ii) is prepared to continue to fulfill 
such requirements for the duration of the 
grant; and
``(iii) has administered the grant and all 
amounts of the Government in accordance with 
all applicable laws and regulations.
``(B) Independent audit procedures and 
requirement.--A recipient authorized by the Secretary 
to carry out an independent review and audit under 
subparagraph (A) shall--
``(i) ensure that an independent audit 
complies with the auditing procedures of the 
Comptroller General; and
``(ii) submit a certified copy of the audit 
to the Secretary not more than 6 months after 
the end of the fiscal year for which the audit 
was made.
``(4) Triennial review.--Except as otherwise provided by 
paragraph (5), the Secretary shall--
``(A) not less than once every 3 calendar years--
``(i) review and evaluate the findings from 
each annual audit; and
``(ii) assess the extent to which actual 
program activities are consistent with--
``(I) the activities proposed under 
subsection (b); and
``(II) the planning process 
required under sections 5303, 5304, and 
5305;
``(B) to the extent practicable, coordinate such 
review with any related State or local reviews; and
``(C) prioritize, as appropriate, the primary scope 
of the review on--
``(i) any previously identified 
deficiencies by the recipient; and
``(ii) the most common deficiencies by all 
recipients, as identified by the Secretary.
``(5) Waiver of review.--
``(A) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in 
subparagraph (C), the Secretary may waive the review 
described in paragraph (4) if the Secretary, upon a 
review of findings from the annual audits required 
under paragraph (3), determines that the recipient 
has--
``(i) not established a pattern of 
deficiency in meeting all applicable grant 
requirements as prescribed by law; and
``(ii) complied, to the satisfaction of the 
Secretary, with all relevant directives issued 
by the Federal Transit Administration and 
attributable to the recipient, as applicable.
``(B) Consecutive waivers.--The Secretary may 
consecutively waive the review described in paragraph 
(4) after determining pursuant to paragraph (5) that a 
waiver is justified, however, the Secretary must 
conduct at least 1 review every 10 calendar years.
``(C) Requested reviews.--The Secretary shall 
conduct all regularly scheduled triennial reviews for a 
recipient if the recipient requests such scheduled 
review be conducted.
``(6) Actions resulting from review, audit, or 
evaluation.--The Secretary may take appropriate action in 
response to a finding from a review or an audit conducted under 
this subsection, including adjusting the amount of a grant or 
withdrawing a grant.''; and
(5) by striking subsection (h) and inserting the following:
``(h) All Stations Accessibility Program.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary may make competitive 
grants to covered entities for use financing capital and 
planning projects to upgrade the accessibility of legacy rail 
fixed guideway public transportation systems for individuals 
with disabilities, including individuals who use wheelchairs, 
by increasing the number of existing (as of the date of 
enactment of this subsection) stations or facilities for 
passenger use that meet or exceed the new construction 
standards of title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 
1990 (42 U.S.C. 12131 et seq.).
``(2) Application.--
``(A) In general.--To be eligible to receive a 
grant under this subsection, a covered entity that has 
complied with subparagraph (B) shall submit to the 
Secretary an application--
``(i) in such form and containing such 
information as the Secretary may require; and
``(ii) including a certification by the 
applicant that the project for which a grant is 
requested will meet or exceed the new 
construction standards of title II of the 
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 
U.S.C. 12131 et seq.).
``(B) Consultation requirement.--Prior to 
submitting an application under subparagraph (A), a 
covered entity shall consult with appropriate 
stakeholders and the surrounding community to ensure 
accessibility for individuals with disabilities, 
including individuals with physical, intellectual, 
developmental, or sensory disabilities and individuals 
who use wheelchairs.
``(3) Competitive process.--The Secretary shall--
``(A) not later than 90 days after the date on 
which amounts are made available for obligation under 
this subsection for a full fiscal year, solicit grant 
applications for projects on a competitive basis; and
``(B) award a grant under this subsection based on 
the solicitation under subparagraph (A) not later than 
the earlier of--
``(i) 90 days after the date on which the 
solicitation expires; or
``(ii) the end of the fiscal year in which 
the Secretary solicited the grant applications.
``(4) Eligible projects.--A recipient of a grant under this 
subsection may use the grant for the following projects:
``(A) A capital project to repair, improve, modify, 
retrofit, or relocate infrastructure of stations or 
facilities for passenger use, including load-bearing 
members that are an essential part of the structural 
frame of the station or facility.
``(B) A planning project to develop or modify a 
plan for 1 or more public transportation accessibility 
projects, an assessment of accessibility, or an 
assessment of a planned modification to stations or 
facilities for passenger use.
``(5) Prohibited uses.--A recipient of a grant under this 
subsection may not use such grant to upgrade a station or 
facility for passenger use that is accessible to and usable by 
individuals with disabilities, including individuals who use 
wheelchairs, and that meet or exceed the new construction 
standards under title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act 
of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12131 et seq.).
``(6) Federal share.--The Federal share of a project for 
which a grant is issued under this subsection shall not exceed 
80 percent of the net project cost.
``(7) Required disclosures.--The Secretary shall--
``(A) upon issuance of the notice of funding 
opportunity in the Federal Register with respect to the 
program under paragraph (1), publicly disclose all 
metrics and evaluation procedures to be used in 
considering applications submitted under paragraph (2); 
and
``(B) make publicly available a summary of final 
scores for projects funded by a grant under this 
subsection, metrics, and other evaluations used in 
awarding grants under this subsection.
``(8) Covered entity defined.--In this subsection, the term 
`covered entity' means--
``(A) a designated recipient that allocates funds 
awarded under this chapter to 1 or more legacy rail 
fixed guideway public transportation systems; and
``(B) a State or local governmental entity that 
operates 1 or more legacy rail fixed guideway public 
transportation systems.''.
(b) Repeals.--
(1) Electric or low-emitting ferry pilot program.--Section 
71102 of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (Public Law 
117-58), and the item relating to such section in the table of 
contents in section 1(b) of such Act, are repealed.
(2) Ferry service for rural communities.--Subsections (a) 
through (f) of section 71103 of the Infrastructure Investment 
and Jobs Act (23 U.S.C. 147 note) are repealed.

SEC. 3006. CONSOLIDATED STATE BLOCK GRANT PROGRAM.

(a) In General.--Chapter 53 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by inserting after section 5307 the following:
``Sec. 5308. Consolidated State block grant program
``(a) In General.--Excluding the amounts made available for primary 
urbanized areas with respect to which a State is not a designated 
recipient for Federal assistance pursuant to a financial assistance 
program or grant program referenced in section 5338(a)(2), the 
Secretary shall, subject to the requirements of subsection (b), 
consolidate grant amounts made available in a fiscal year pursuant to 
the formulas set forth in sections 5310, 5311(c)(5), 5336, 5337, 
5339(a), and 5340.
``(b) Application Requirements and Selection.--
``(1) Application requirements.--
``(A) Certification.--In applying to participate in 
the consolidated block grant program established under 
this section, a State shall--
``(i) provide written notice to all 
designated recipients within the State (other 
than those designated recipients located in a 
primary urbanized area) of the intent of such 
State to apply to such program;
``(ii) afford affected designated 
recipients an opportunity pursuant to 
subparagraph (B) to affirmatively elect or to 
deny participation in the program prior to the 
date on which the State intends to submit the 
application; and
``(iii) provide to the Secretary in the 
application a list of--
``(I) designated recipients that 
affirmatively elect to participate in 
the program; and
``(II) direct recipients in the 
relevant urbanized areas of such 
designated recipients.
``(B) Role of designated recipients.--
``(i) In general.--A designated recipient 
shall, not later than 60 days after receiving 
written notice from the State described in 
subparagraph (A)(i), inform the State as to 
whether the recipient elects to participate in 
the program established under this section.
``(ii) Determination in coordination with 
direct recipients.--Within the time period 
specified in clause (i), a designated recipient 
shall coordinate with all direct recipients in 
the relevant urbanized area in determining 
whether to participate in such program.
``(iii) Majority concurrence.--A designated 
recipient of an urbanized area in which a 
majority of direct recipients in the relevant 
urbanized area elect to affirmatively 
participate in the block grant program 
established under this section shall--
``(I) be required to participate in 
the program established under this 
section; and
``(II) affirmatively notify the 
State of participation in the program.
``(iv) Failure to respond.--A designated 
recipient of an urbanized area that fails to 
inform a State of an election under clause (i) 
within the time period specified in such clause 
shall be deemed by the State to have 
affirmatively provided notified the State of 
its participation in the program established 
under this section.
``(C) Non-participation.--A designated recipient of 
an urbanized area that informs a State of its 
determination to refuse participation in the block 
grant program under this section in a fiscal year may 
not participate in such program for the following 3 
fiscal years.
``(2) Selection.--The Secretary shall allocate the amount 
described in subsection (a) to a State if the Secretary has--
``(A) received an application from the State;
``(B) determined that the State has an organization 
capable of effectively administering a block grant made 
under this section;
``(C) determined that the State uses a 
satisfactory--
``(i) transportation system planning 
process; and
``(ii) programming process;
``(D) calculated--
``(i) the total amount to consolidate and 
allocate to the State in accordance with 
subsection (a); and
``(ii) from the amount described in clause 
(i), the minimum amounts a State shall 
obligate, based on the amounts that would 
otherwise be allocated to such areas in a State 
under sections 5307, 5310, and 5311(c)(5), 
5337, 5339(a), and 5340, to--
``(I) rural and urban areas; and
``(II) areas of different 
population levels; and
``(E) entered into an agreement with the State 
whereby the State agrees--
``(i) to comply with applicable Federal 
law, regulations, and requirements for 
administering the block grant;
``(ii) to provide the Secretary with such 
program information as the Secretary may 
require; and
``(iii) to comply with the record and audit 
requirements under subsection (c).
``(c) Records, Audits, and Evaluations.--The requirements set forth 
in section 5307(f) shall apply to a State participating in the block 
grant program under this section.
``(d) Prohibition; Rule of Construction.--
``(1) Prohibition.--A provider of public transportation in 
a primary urbanized area may not receive funding made available 
to a State pursuant to this section.
``(2) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection 
shall be construed to prohibit a provider of public 
transportation in a primary urbanized area from receiving 
funding from a State if the relevant State is the designated 
recipient for assistance pursuant to sections 5307, 5310, 5311, 
5337, 5339, or 5340.
``(e) Eligible Projects.--Amounts allocated to a State for 
assistance pursuant to this section may be used for--
``(1) capital projects;
``(2) planning;
``(3) job access and reverse commute projects;
``(4) operating costs of equipment and facilities for use 
in public transportation, notwithstanding section 
5307(a)(1)(D);
``(5) public transportation projects planned, designed, and 
carried out to meet the special needs of seniors and 
individuals with disabilities when public transportation is 
insufficient, inappropriate, or unavailable;
``(6) public transportation projects that exceed the 
requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 
U.S.C. 12101 et seq.);
``(7) public transportation projects that improve access to 
fixed route service and decrease reliance by individuals with 
disabilities on complementary paratransit;
``(8) alternatives to public transportation that assist 
seniors and individuals with disabilities with transportation;
``(9) the acquisition of public transportation services, 
including service agreements with private providers of public 
transportation service;
``(10) intercity bus transportation and related activities 
described in section 5311(f)(1);
``(11) financing capital projects to--
``(A) maintain public transportation systems in a 
state of good repair, including projects to replace and 
rehabilitate--
``(i) rolling stock;
``(ii) track;
``(iii) line equipment and structures;
``(iv) signals and communications;
``(v) power equipment and substations;
``(vi) passenger stations and terminals;
``(vii) security equipment and systems;
``(viii) maintenance facilities and 
equipment;
``(ix) operational support equipment, 
including computer hardware and software;
``(x) development and implementation of a 
transit asset management plan; and
``(xi) other replacement and rehabilitation 
projects the Secretary determines appropriate;
``(B) replace, rehabilitate, and purchase buses and 
related equipment, including technological changes or 
innovations to modify vehicles described in section 
5339(c)(5) or related facilities; and
``(C) construct bus-related facilities; and
``(12) any other activity eligible for assistance pursuant 
to sections 5307, 5310, 5311, 5337, 5339(a), and 5340 of this 
chapter.
``(f) Roles and Responsibilities of Participating States.--
``(1) Program documentation.--
``(A) In general.--Any grant agreement providing 
funds to be administered under such program shall be 
documented in a manner determined acceptable to the 
Secretary.
``(B) Parity.--The Secretary shall provide parity 
to States and shall only require the same type of 
information and level of detail for any program 
agreements and documentation that the Secretary would 
perform with respect to such action if the State did 
not receive assistance in the form of a block grant 
under this section.
``(C) Responsibilities.--Unless the State expressly 
agrees to retain responsibility, the Secretary shall 
assume responsibility for grant compliance 
investigations, determinations, and enforcement.
``(2) Reporting requirements.--
``(A) In general.--Each State participating in the 
block grant program shall submit to the Secretary an 
annual report that includes--
``(i) the number of project applications 
received for each fiscal year, including--
``(I) the aggregate cost of the 
projects for which applications are 
received; and
``(II) the types of projects to be 
carried out, expressed as percentages 
of the total consolidated amount 
allocated to the State under this 
section; and
``(ii) a list of each project selected for 
funding for each fiscal year, including, for 
each project--
``(I) the fiscal year during which 
the project was selected;
``(II) the fiscal year in which the 
project is anticipated to be funded;
``(III) the recipient;
``(IV) the location, including the 
congressional district;
``(V) the type;
``(VI) the cost; and
``(VII) a brief description.
``(B) Public availability.--The Secretary shall 
make available to the public, in a user-friendly format 
on the website of the Department of Transportation, a 
copy of each annual report submitted under subparagraph 
(A).
``(g) Consultation With Certain Planning Organizations.--For 
purposes of carrying out a block grant program under this section, a 
State shall--
``(1) as applicable, consult with relevant metropolitan 
planning organizations in an urbanized area that is not a 
primary urbanized area; or
``(2) as applicable, consult with relevant regional 
transportation planning organizations in rural areas.
``(h) Treatment of Projects.--Projects funded under this section 
shall be treated as public transportation projects for purposes of this 
chapter.
``(i) Cost Share.--
``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraphs (2) and 
(3), the Federal share of an allowable project cost for a 
project funded under this section shall not exceed 80 percent.
``(2) Sliding scale.--The Federal share rate provided under 
paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 120(b) of title 23 shall 
apply to a project under this section if such rate is 
applicable to the State in which such project is carried out.
``(3) Certain projects.--Section 5323(i) applies to 
projects carried out under this subsection, unless a lower 
share percentage is requested.
``(j) Primary Urbanized Area.--In this section, the term `primary 
urbanized area' means an urbanized area that--
``(1) has a population of at least 3,500,000, as determined 
by the Bureau of Census; or
``(2) extends into more than 1 State and has a population 
of at least 200,000, as determined by the Bureau of Census.''.
(b) Rulemaking Authority.--The Secretary may issue such regulations 
as may be necessary to carry out section 5308, as added by subsection 
(a).

SEC. 3007. FIXED GUIDEWAY CAPITAL INVESTMENT GRANTS.

(a) Amendments to Fixed Guideway Capital Investment Grant 
Program.--Section 5309 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by 
striking ``, the following definitions shall apply'';
(B) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the 
following:
``(2) Core capacity improvement project.--The term `core 
capacity improvement project'--
``(A)(i) means a capital investment in an existing 
fixed guideway system that--
``(I) increases the capacity of a 
corridor by not less than 10 percent; 
or
``(II) substantially increases the 
capacity of such system (in part or in 
whole); and
``(ii) includes a project that--
``(I) is primarily intended to 
increase capacity by reducing passenger 
travel time in a corridor or in an 
existing fixed guideway system, 
including for passengers with 
disabilities and those who use 
wheelchairs; and
``(II) otherwise meets the 
requirements of clause (i); and
``(B) does not include--
``(i) elements designed to maintain a state 
of good repair of the existing fixed guideway 
system;
``(ii) elements to improve general station 
facilities (other than stairs, elevators, 
ramps, or escalators for passenger use) or 
parking; and
``(iii) acquisition of rolling stock 
alone.'';
(C) in paragraph (3) by striking ``small start'' 
and inserting ``streamlined start''; and
(D) in paragraph (6)--
(i) in the paragraph heading by striking 
``Small start'' and inserting ``Streamlined 
start'';
(ii) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) by striking ``small start'' and inserting 
``streamlined start''; and
(iii) by striking subparagraphs (A) and (B) 
and inserting the following:
``(A) the total estimated net capital cost is less 
than $1,000,000,000 (adjusted annually for inflation); 
and
``(B) Federal assistance provided or requested 
under this section is less than or equal to 50 percent 
of the dollar amount specified in subparagraph (A).'';
(2) in subsection (b)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``small start'' 
and inserting ``streamlined start''; and
(B) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the 
following:
``(2) core capacity improvement projects, including--
``(A) acquisition of real property;
``(B) acquisition of rights-of-way;
``(C) double tracking;
``(D) signalization improvements;
``(E) electrification;
``(F) expanding system platforms;
``(G) acquisition of rolling stock associated with 
corridor or system-wide improvements increasing 
capacity;
``(H) construction of infill stations;
``(I) construction, renovation, and improvement of 
stairs, ramps, elevators, and escalators to improve 
accessibility of the system or corridor for individuals 
with disabilities, including individuals who use 
wheelchairs; and
``(J) other capacity improvements the Secretary 
determines are appropriate to increase the capacity of 
the system or corridor.'';
(3) in subsection (c)--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) by striking ``small start'' and inserting 
``streamlined start''; and
(ii) in subparagraph (C)--
(I) by striking ``the applicant'' 
and inserting ``if applicable, the 
applicant'';
(II) by striking ``the performance 
targets'' and inserting ``a performance 
target''; and
(III) by striking ``in section 
5326(c)(2)'' and inserting ``described 
in section 5326(b)(2)(A)''; and
(B) in paragraph (3) to read as follows:
``(3) Technical capacity.--The Secretary shall use an 
expedited technical capacity review process for a project if 
the applicant--
``(A) has--
``(i) during the 5-year period immediately 
preceding the date on which the applicant 
requests funds for the project--
``(I) successfully completed at 
least 1 project pursuant to this 
section that is similar in complexity 
to the project for which the applicant 
is seeking an expedited review; and
``(II) demonstrates that the 
applicant continues to have the staff 
expertise and other resources necessary 
to implement a new project; or
``(ii) during the 3-year period immediately 
preceding the date on which the applicant 
requests funds for the project--
``(I) successfully completed at 
least 1 project pursuant to this 
section; or
``(II) fulfilled readiness 
requirements related to technical 
capacity for a comparable project 
sponsored by the applicant; and
``(B) certifies, in a manner determined by the 
Secretary, that all project oversight requirements 
applicable to the project will be fulfilled.'';
(4) in subsection (d)(1)(A)--
(A) in clause (i)(II) by striking ``initiates'' and 
inserting ``has initiated''; and
(B) in clause (ii)--
(i) by redesignating subclauses (I) and 
(II) as subclauses (II) and (III), 
respectively; and
(ii) by inserting before subclause (II), as 
so redesignated, the following:
``(I) determines that the applicant 
has completed 30 percent of design and 
engineering for the project;'';
(5) in subsection (e)--
(A) in paragraph (1)(A)--
(i) in clause (i)(II) by striking 
``initiates'' and inserting ``has initiated''; 
and
(ii) in clause (ii)--
(I) by redesignating subclauses (I) 
and (II) as subclauses (II) and (III), 
respectively; and
(II) by inserting before subclause 
(II), as so redesignated, the 
following:
``(I) determines that the applicant 
has completed 30 percent of design and 
engineering for the project;''; and
(B) in paragraph (2)--
(i) in subparagraph (A)--
(I) by striking clause (iii);
(II) by redesignating clauses (iv) 
and (v) as clauses (iii) and (iv), 
respectively; and
(III) in clause (iii), as so 
redesignated, by striking ``needs of 
the corridor'' and all that follows 
through the semicolon and inserting 
``needs of the system or corridor;'';
(ii) in subparagraph (B)--
(I) in the matter preceding clause 
(i) by striking ``subparagraph 
(A)(iv)'' and inserting ``subparagraph 
(A)(iii)''; and
(II) by striking clause (ii) and 
inserting the following:
``(ii) whether the project will increase 
capacity of a corridor by at least 10 percent 
or substantially increase capacity system-wide 
(in whole or in part), including in the manner 
described in subsection (a)(2)(A)(ii);'';
(6) in subsection (f)--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) by striking `` or (e)(2)(A)(v)'' and 
inserting ``or (e)(2)(A)(iv)''; and
(ii) in subparagraph (C) by striking 
``local resources'' and inserting ``the 
applicant demonstrate that local resources''; 
and
(B) in paragraph (2) by striking ``or 
(e)(2)(A)(v)'' and inserting ``or (e)(2)(A)(iv)'';
(7) in subsection (g)--
(A) in paragraph (2)--
(i) in subparagraph (A)(ii) by striking 
``subsection (e)(2)(A)(iv)'' and inserting 
``subsection (e)(2)(A)(iii)'';
(ii) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``or 
(e)(2)(A)(iv)'' each place it appears and 
inserting ``or (e)(2)(A)(iii)'' and
(iii) by adding at the end the following:
``(D) Eligibility for adjustment of certain 
criterion.--
``(i) In general.--In evaluating and rating 
the economic development criterion referenced 
in subsection (d)(2)(A)(iii) and 
(e)(2)(A)(iii), the Secretary may increase 1 
point on the 5-point scale (high, medium-high, 
medium, medium-low, or low) the rating for the 
economic development criterion if the applicant 
submits documented evidence that enacted local 
policies promote housing development for areas 
accessible to transit facilities along the 
project route.
``(ii) Consideration; consultation.--In 
carrying out clause (i), the Secretary shall--
``(I) consider whether the evidence 
submitted by the applicant will result 
in development appropriate to expected 
housing demand in the project area; and
``(II) consult with the Secretary 
of Housing and Urban Development.'';
(B) by amending paragraph (5) to read as follows:
``(5) Policy guidance.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall issue policy 
guidance regarding the review and evaluation process 
and criteria each time the Secretary makes significant 
changes to the process and criteria, but not less 
frequently than once every 2 years.
``(B) Requirement.--In carrying out subparagraph 
(A), the Secretary shall--
``(i) ensure that the policy guidance for 
streamlined start projects is reflective of any 
differences in project scope, cost, risk, and 
source of local financial commitment compared 
to projects under subsections (d) and (e); and
``(ii) for core capacity improvement 
projects that propose to increase capacity in 
the manner described in subsection 
(a)(2)(A)(ii), issue specific policy guidance 
for evaluating how such projects may increase 
the capacity of the system or corridor.
``(C) Nonsubstantive policy updates.--
Notwithstanding the requirements of section 5334(k), 
the Secretary may issue or publish an update to the 
policy guidance described in subparagraph (A) provided 
that such update does not--
``(i) impose a binding obligation on an 
applicant under this section; or
``(ii) significantly change the 
administration of the existing policy.'';
(C) in paragraph (6)--
(i) by striking ``Not later than 1 year'' 
and all that follows through ``shall issue'' 
and inserting ``The Secretary shall maintain''; 
and
(ii) in subparagraph (B) by striking 
``corridor'' and inserting ``corridor or 
system''; and
(D) in paragraph (8) by striking ``the date of 
enactment of the Federal Public Transportation Act of 
2012'' and inserting ``October 1, 2012'';
(8) in subsection (h)--
(A) in the subsection heading by striking ``Small 
Start'' and inserting ``Streamlined Start'';
(B) by striking ``small start'' in each place it 
occurs and inserting ``streamlined start'';
(C) by striking ``small starts'' in each place it 
occurs and inserting ``streamlined start'';
(D) in paragraph (2)(A)--
(i) in clause (i)(II) by striking 
``initiates'' and inserting ``has initiated''; 
and
(ii) in clause (ii)--
(I) by redesignating subclauses (I) 
and (II) as subclauses (II) and (III), 
respectively; and
(II) by inserting before subclause 
(II), as so redesignated, the 
following:
``(I) determines that the applicant 
has completed 30 percent of design and 
engineering for the project;'';
(E) in paragraph (6) by adding at the end the 
following:
``(C) Eligibility for adjustment of certain 
criterion.--
``(i) In general.--In evaluating and rating 
the economic development criterion referenced 
in paragraph (4), the Secretary may increase 1 
point on the 5-point scale (high, medium-high, 
medium, medium-low, or low) the rating for the 
economic development criterion if the applicant 
submits documented evidence that enacted local 
policies promote housing development for areas 
accessible to transit facilities along the 
project route.
``(ii) Consideration; consultation.--In 
carrying out clause (i), the Secretary shall--
``(I) consider whether the evidence 
submitted by the applicant will result 
in development appropriate to expected 
housing demand in the project area; and
``(II) consult with the Secretary 
of Housing and Urban Development.''; 
and
(F) in paragraph (7)(C) by striking ``10 days'' and 
inserting ``3 business days'';
(9) in subsection (i)(4)--
(A) in subparagraph (B)--
(i) in the subparagraph heading by striking 
``Small start'' and inserting ``Streamlined 
start''; and
(ii) by striking ``small start'' and 
inserting ``streamlined start''; and
(B) in subparagraph (C)(iii) by striking ``small 
start'' and inserting ``streamlined start'';
(10) in subsection (j) by striking ``the date of enactment 
of the Federal Public Transportation Act of 2012'' and 
inserting ``October 1, 2012'';
(11) in subsection (k)--
(A) in paragraph (2)--
(i) in subparagraph (E)(i) by striking 
``Applicants'' and inserting ``Unless otherwise 
provided by subparagraph (G), applicants'';
(ii) in subparagraph (F) by striking ``To 
be eligible'' and inserting ``Unless otherwise 
provided by subparagraph (G), to be eligible''; 
and
(iii) by adding at the end the following 
new subparagraph:
``(G) Special rule.--An applicant seeking a full 
funding grant agreement under this paragraph for a 
project that has a local financial commitment of not 
less than 50 percent of the total net cost of the 
project may not be required by the Secretary to submit 
a plan described in subparagraph (E) or to collect data 
on the current system described in subparagraph (F).''; 
and
(B) in paragraph (5) by striking ``15 days'' and 
inserting ``3 business days'';
(12) in subsection (l)--
(A) in paragraph (1)(B)--
(i) in clause (iii) by striking ``in the 
corridor'' and inserting ``of the system or 
corridor''; and
(ii) in clause (iv)--
(I) in the clause heading by 
striking ``small start'' and 
``streamlined start''; and
(II) by striking ``small start'' 
and inserting ``streamlined start''; 
and
(B) in paragraph (7) by striking ``the date of 
enactment of the Federal Public Transportation Act of 
2012'' and inserting ``October 1, 2012'';
(13) in subsection (m) by adding at the end the following 
new paragraph:
``(3) Pre-project development phase costs.--The Secretary 
shall pay the Government share of project costs incurred by a 
State or local governmental authority that carries out any part 
of a project described in this section without the aid of 
amounts of the Government and according to all applicable 
procedures and requirements, if--
``(A) the project development costs of the project 
were incurred by the State or local governmental 
authority before the date on which the project entered 
into the project development phase;
``(B) the project--
``(i) in the case of a project under 
subsections (d) or (e), advances to the 
engineering phase; or
``(ii) in the case of a project under 
subsection (h), advances to the construction 
phase; and
``(C) the State or local governmental authority 
applies for payment of such Government share.'';
(14) in subsection (o)--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) by striking subparagraph (B);
(ii) by striking subparagraph (C) and 
inserting the following:
``(C) recommendations of such projects for 
funding--
``(i) based on the evaluations and ratings 
and on existing commitments and anticipated 
funding levels for the next 3 fiscal years 
based on information currently available to the 
Secretary; and
``(ii) prioritizing projects submitted 
under subsection (u); and'';
(iii) by redesignating subparagraph (C), as 
amended, as subparagraph (B); and
(iv) by adding at the end the following new 
subparagraph:
``(C) a narrative summary for projects for which 
the Secretary adjusted the rating of the economic 
development criterion pursuant to subsection (g)(2)(D) 
or (h)(6)(C).'';
(B) in paragraph (2)(A)(i)(I) by striking ``and 
section 3005(b) of the Federal Public Transportation 
Act of 2015 (49 U.S.C. 5309 note; Public Law 114-94)''; 
and
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph:
``(3) Evaluations and rating.--Concurrently with updates 
made pursuant to subsection (r)(2), the Secretary shall submit 
to Congress, and make available to the public, report 
evaluations and ratings, as required under subsections (d), 
(e), and (h), for each such project that--
``(A) is in the project development phase;
``(B) is in the engineering phase; or
``(C) has received a full funding grant 
agreement.'';
(15) in subsection (p)--
(A) in the subsection heading by striking ``Rule'' 
and inserting ``Rules Regarding Cost Effectiveness'';
(B) by striking ``For the purposes'' and inserting 
``(1) treatment of certain capital costs.--For the 
purposes''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph:
``(2) Alternative metric consideration.--In making a 
determination regarding the cost effectiveness of a project 
under subsection (d)(2)(A)(iii) or (e)(2)(A)(iii), the 
Secretary may consider, in addition to the measurement of cost 
per rider, upon request of the project sponsor, an alternative 
metric for cost effectiveness determined appropriate by the 
Secretary.''; and
(16) by adding at the end the following:
``(s) Alternative Project Delivery.--
``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding contract requirements in 
section 5325, the Secretary may allow an applicant to enter 
into a covered project delivery contract with respect to a 
project for which the applicant requests funds under this 
section.
``(2) Covered project delivery contract defined.--In this 
subsection, the term `covered project delivery contract' 
means--
``(A) an agreement that provides for both design 
and construction of a project by 1 or more contractors 
through alternative project delivery methods, including 
construction manager/general contractor, construction 
manager-at-risk, progressive design build, or any other 
alternative project delivery method; or
``(B) a single contract for the delivery of a whole 
project that--
``(i) includes, at a minimum, the sponsor, 
builder, and designer as parties subject to the 
terms of the contract;
``(ii) aligns the interests of all parties 
to the contract with respect to the project 
costs and project outcomes; and
``(iii) includes processes to ensure 
transparency and collaboration among all 
parties to the contract with respect to the 
project costs and project outcomes.
``(t) Special Rule for Risk Assessment and Lock-in Date.--With 
respect to core capacity improvement projects and new fixed guideway 
capital projects, the Secretary may not determine a maximum Capital 
Investment Grant contribution or conduct a risk assessment until 120 
days after the project enters into the engineering phase, except the 
Secretary may conduct a risk assessment earlier upon request from the 
project sponsor.''.
(b) Amendments to Expedited Project Delivery for Capital Investment 
Grants Pilot Program.--Section 3005(b) of the FAST Act (49 U.S.C. 5309 
note) is amended--
(1) in the heading by striking ``Pilot'';
(2) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
``(1) Definition of specified core capacity improvement 
project.--In this subsection, the term `specified core capacity 
improvement project'--
``(A)(i) means a capital investment in an existing 
fixed guideway system that--
``(I) increases the capacity of a 
corridor by not less than 10 percent; 
or
``(II) substantially increases the 
capacity of such system (in part or in 
whole); and
``(ii) includes a project that--
``(I) is primarily intended to 
increase capacity by reducing passenger 
travel time in a corridor or in an 
existing fixed guideway system, 
including for passengers with 
disabilities and passengers who use 
wheelchairs; and
``(II) otherwise meets the 
requirements of clause (i);
``(B) may include project elements designed to 
achieve a state of good repair of the existing fixed 
guideway system; and
``(C) does not include--
``(i) elements designed to maintain a state 
of good repair of the existing fixed guideway 
system;
``(ii) elements to improve general station 
facilities (other than stairs, elevators, 
ramps, or escalators for passenger use) or 
parking; and
``(iii) acquisition of rolling stock 
alone.'';
(3) in paragraph (2)--
(A) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``small start'' 
and inserting ``streamlined start''; and
(B) by striking subparagraph (B) and inserting the 
following:
``(B) specified core capacity improvement projects, 
including--
``(i) acquisition of real property;
``(ii) acquisition of rights-of-way;
``(iii) double tracking;
``(iv) signalization improvements;
``(v) electrification;
``(vi) expanding system platforms;
``(vii) acquisition of rolling stock 
associated with corridor improvements 
increasing capacity;
``(viii) construction of infill stations;
``(ix) construction, renovation, and 
improvement of stairs, ramps, elevators, and 
escalators to improve accessibility of the 
system or corridor for individuals with 
disabilities, including individuals who use 
wheelchairs; and
``(x) other capacity improvements the 
Secretary determines are appropriate to 
increase the capacity of the system or 
corridor.'';
(4) in paragraph (3)--
(A) in subparagraph (A)--
(i) by striking ``not more than 8 grants 
under this subsection for eligible projects if 
the Secretary determines that'' and inserting 
``grants under this subsection to State and 
local governmental authorities to assist in 
financing a new fixed guideway capital project, 
a streamlined start project, or a specified 
core capacity improvement project if the 
Secretary determines that'';
(ii) in clause (i) by striking ``of title 
49, United States Code'';
(iii) by striking clause (iii) and 
inserting the following:
``(iii) there are private contributions to 
the project, which may include cost-effective 
project delivery, management or transfer of 
project risks, expedited project schedule, 
financial partnering, and other public-private 
partnership strategies, provided such elements 
are determined by local policies, criteria, and 
decisionmaking under section 5306(a);''; and
(iv) in clauses (i) through (vi) by 
striking ``eligible'' each place it appears;
(B) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``of title 49, 
United States Code,'';
(C) in subparagraph (C) by striking ``for 
applicants that have'' and all that follows through the 
period and inserting ``as prescribed in subsection 
(c)(3).'';
(D) in subparagraph (D)--
(i) in clause (i)--
(I) in the matter preceding 
subclause (I) by striking ``an eligible 
project'' and inserting ``a project''; 
and
(II) in subclause (I) by striking 
``eligible''; and
(ii) in clause (ii) by striking 
``eligible'' each place it appears;
(E) in subparagraph (E) by striking ``of title 49, 
United States Code,''; and
(F) by adding at the end the following new 
subparagraph:
``(F) Consideration for specified core capacity 
project.--For purposes of making a determination under 
this paragraph for a specified core capacity project, 
the Secretary shall determine whether the project will 
increase capacity of a corridor by at least 10 percent 
or substantially increase capacity system-wide (in 
whole or in part), including in the manner described in 
paragraph (1)(A)(ii).'';
(5) in paragraph (4)--
(A) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``an eligible'' 
and inserting ``a'';
(B) in subparagraphs (B) and (C) by striking 
``eligible'' each place it appears; and
(C) in subparagraph (C)(i) by striking ``public-
private partnership required'' and inserting ``private 
contributions required'';
(6) in paragraph (5)(A) by striking ``120 days'' and 
inserting ``180 days'';
(7) in paragraph (6)--
(A) by striking ``eligible'' each place it appears; 
and
(B) by inserting ``specified'' before ``core 
capacity'';
(8) in paragraph (7) by striking ``an eligible'' and 
inserting ``a'';
(9) in paragraph (8)--
(A) in subparagraph (A)(i)--
(i) by striking ``an eligible'' each place 
it appears and inserting ``a''; and
(ii) by striking ``the eligible'' and 
inserting ``the'';
(B) in subparagraph (B)--
(i) in clauses (i) and (ii) by striking 
``an eligible'' and inserting ``a'';
(ii) in clause (iii)--
(I) by striking ``eligible'' each 
place it appears; and
(II) in subclause (III) by striking 
``, consistent with the terms of the 
public-private partnership agreement'';
(iii) in clause (iv)--
(I) in subclause (III) by striking 
``eligible project'' each place it 
appears and inserting ``project''; and
(II) in subclause (IV)--
(aa) by inserting 
``specified'' before ``core 
capacity''; and
(bb) by striking ``small 
start'' and inserting 
``streamlined start''; and
(iv) in clause (v) by striking ``small 
start'' and inserting ``streamlined start'';
(C) in subparagraph (C)(i) by striking 
``eligible''; and
(D) in subparagraph (D)--
(i) in clause (i)--
(I) by striking ``15 days'' and 
inserting ``3 business days''; and
(II) by striking ``an eligible'' 
and inserting ``a''; and
(ii) in clause (ii) by striking 
``eligible'';
(10) in paragraph (9)--
(A) in subparagraph (A)--
(i) by striking ``an eligible'' and 
inserting ``a''; and
(ii) by striking ``25 percent'' and 
inserting ``40 percent'';
(B) in subparagraph (C) by striking ``75 percent'' 
and inserting ``60 percent''; and
(C) in subparagraph (E)--
(i) by striking ``an eligible project'' and 
inserting ``a project'';
(ii) by striking ``the applicant shall 
repay'' and inserting ``as determined by the 
Secretary, the applicant shall repay'';
(iii) by striking ``the eligible project'' 
and inserting ``the project''; and
(iv) by striking ``all eligible project'' 
and inserting ``all project'';
(11) in paragraph (10)(A)--
(A) by striking ``an eligible project'' and 
inserting ``a project'';
(B) by striking ``that eligible project'' and 
inserting ``the project''; and
(C) by striking ``the eligible project'' and 
inserting ``the project'';
(12) in paragraph (11) by striking ``Not later than'' and 
all that follows through the period at the end and inserting 
``In each annual report described in subsection (o)(1), the 
Secretary shall include a proposed amount to be available to 
finance grants for anticipated projects under this 
subsection.''; and
(13) in paragraph (12)--
(A) in subparagraph (B) by striking the semicolon 
and inserting ``; or'';
(B) in subparagraph (C) by striking ``; or'' and 
inserting a period; and
(C) by striking subparagraph (D).
(c) Transfer of Expedited Project Delivery for Capital Investment 
Grants Program.--Section 3005(b) of the FAST Act, as amended by 
subsection (b), is transferred to appear as subsection (u) of section 
5309 of title 49, United States Code.
(d) Ensuring Flexibility in CIG Project Pipelines.--The Secretary 
shall, to the greatest extent practicable and in accordance with 
applicable statutory requirements--
(1) ensure that an applicant in the capital investment 
grant program has flexibility to move between project pipelines 
provided under subsections (d), (e), (h), and (u) of section 
5309; and
(2) minimize the administrative burden associated with 
utilizing such flexibility.
(e) Applicability.--The amendments made by subsections (a) through 
(c) shall only apply to a grant application under section 5309 of title 
49, United States Code, that--
(1) is submitted on or after the date of enactment of this 
Act;
(2) is moved by the Secretary between project pipelines 
provided under subsections (d), (e), (h), and (u) of such 
section after the date of enactment of this Act; or
(3) is for a project--
(A) that prior to the date of enactment of this 
Act--
(i) entered into the project development 
phase provided under subsections (d), (e), or 
(h) of such section; or
(ii) has submitted a complete application 
under subsection (u) of such section to the 
Secretary; and
(B) with a project sponsor that has elected to 
subject such application to the amendments made by 
subsections (a) through (c).

SEC. 3008. FORMULA GRANTS FOR ENHANCED MOBILITY OF SENIORS AND 
INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES.

(a) Transfer of Section 3006(b) of the Fixing America's Surface 
Transportation Act.--Section 3006(b) of the Fixing America's Surface 
Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. 5310 note) is transferred to appear as 
section 5310(j) of title 49, United States Code.
(b) Amendments.--Section 5310(j) of title 49, United States Code, 
as transferred by subsection (a), is amended--
(1) in the subsection heading by striking ``Pilot'';
(2) by striking paragraph (1);
(3) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (6) as (1) 
through (5), respectively;
(4) in paragraph (1), as so redesignated--
(A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) by 
striking ``eligible recipients'' and inserting 
``recipients'';
(B) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``and'' at the 
end;
(C) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as 
subparagraph (D); and
(D) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the 
following new subparagraph:
``(C) projects that improve access to a facility of 
the Department of Veterans Affairs or an organization 
or a facility that provides services to veterans using 
funds provided by the Department of Veterans Affairs; 
and'';
(5) in paragraph (2), as so redesignated--
(A) by striking ``An eligible recipient'' and 
inserting ``A recipient''; and
(B) by striking ``eligible project'' in each place 
it occurs and inserting ``capital project'';
(6) by striking paragraph (3), as so redesignated, and 
inserting:
``(3) Briefing.--Annually during the period between October 
1 and December 31, the Secretary shall brief the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
Urban Affairs of the Senate on projects carried out during the 
most recently completed fiscal year using grant funds issued 
under this subsection, including--
``(A) an evaluation of the program under this 
subsection, including an evaluation of the specific 
performance measures identified by each recipient 
pursuant to paragraph (2)(D); and
``(B) if applicable, a detailed description of each 
project, including any activities therein, carried out 
during such fiscal year using grant funds issued under 
this subsection.'';
(7) in paragraph (4), as so redesignated, by striking ``an 
eligible project'' in each place it occurs and inserting ``a 
capital project''; and
(8) in paragraph (5), as so redesignated, by striking 
``chapter 53 of title 49, United States Code'' and inserting 
``this chapter''.
(c) Additional Amendments.--Section 5310 of title 49, United States 
Code, is further amended--
(1) in subsection (b)(1)(A) by striking ``special''; and
(2) in subsection (d)(3)(B)(ii) by striking ``highways 
program'' and all that follows through the period and inserting 
``transportation program under section 203 of title 23.''.

SEC. 3009. FORMULA GRANTS FOR RURAL AREAS.

Section 5311 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
paragraphs (2) and (3), respectively; and
(B) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so 
redesignated, the following:
``(1) Insular area.--The term `insular area' means the 
United States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the 
Northern Mariana Islands.'';
(2) in subsection (b)(3)(B) by striking ``5338(a)(2)(F)'' 
and inserting ``5338(a)(2)(D)'';
(3) in subsection (c)--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) by striking ``section 5338(a)(2)(F)'' and 
inserting ``section 5338(a)(2)(D)'' ;
(ii) in subparagraph (A) by striking 
``and'' at the end;
(iii) in subparagraph (B) by striking the 
period at the end and inserting a semicolon; 
and
(iv) by adding at the end the following:
``(C) 1 percent shall be available to carry out 
paragraph (4); and
``(D) $25,000,000 shall be set aside each fiscal 
year to carry out the rural and insular ferry 
competitive program under section 5339(d) as such 
grants relate to an area described under section 
5339(d)(2)(B).'';
(B) in paragraph (3)(C) by striking 
``5338(a)(2)(F)'' and inserting ``5338(a)(2)(D)'';
(C) in paragraph (4)(A) by striking ``section 
5338(a)(2)(F) that are not apportioned under paragraph 
(1) or (2)'' and inserting ``section 5338(a)(2)(D) that 
are not apportioned in accordance with paragraph (1)'';
(D) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph 
(5); and
(E) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
``(4) Insular area public transportation assistance 
program.--For each fiscal year, the amounts made available 
under paragraph (1)(C) shall be equally apportioned for grants 
to insular areas for any purpose eligible under this section 
under such terms and conditions as may be established by the 
Secretary.'';
(4) in subsection (f)(1)(B) by striking ``facilities;'' and 
inserting ``facilities, which provided the project supports 
intercity bus service to or from rural areas, includes all 
portions of such facilities regardless of--
``(i) the geographic area in which such 
facilities are located; or
``(ii) whether or not such facilities are 
used exclusively for intercity bus service to 
and from rural areas;'';
(5) in subsection (g)--
(A) in paragraph (3)--
(i) by striking subparagraph (E) and 
inserting the following:
``(E) notwithstanding subparagraph (D), may be 
derived from amounts made available to carry out the 
Federal lands transportation program established by 
section 203 of title 23; and''; and
(ii) in subparagraph (F) by striking ``to 
which'' and inserting ``(regardless of whether 
such a service operates in 1 or more States) to 
which''; and
(B) in paragraph (4)--
(i) by striking ``For purposes of'' and 
inserting ``(A) advertising and concession 
revenues.--For purposes of''; and
(ii) by adding at the end the following new 
subparagraph:
``(B) In-kind match.--With respect to an amount 
used as an in-kind match pursuant to paragraph (3)(F), 
such amount may not be used by any other recipient of a 
Federal award, including another Federal award under 
this section, to satisfy an in-kind or cost-share 
requirement for such Federal award.''; and
(6) in subsection (j)--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) 
through (E) as subparagraphs (C) through (F), 
respectively; and
(ii) by inserting after subparagraph (A) 
the following:
``(B) Minimum apportionment.--Notwithstanding 
clause (i) of subparagraph (A), an Indian tribe that 
receives an apportionment under such clause may not 
receive less than 0.05 percent of the amount 
apportioned under such clause.''; and
(B) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph:
``(3) Eligibility.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, funds apportioned pursuant to this subsection may be used 
by an Indian tribe in the same manner as a recipient of Federal 
assistance under section 5308.''.

SEC. 3010. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT.

Section 5314 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) in subsection (B)(ii)--
(I) by striking ``the development 
of'' inserting ``advance the 
development of''; and
(II) by striking the period at the 
end and inserting ``; and''; and
(ii) by striking ``(1) Technical 
assistance'' and all that follows through 
``technical assistance; and'' and inserting the 
following:
``(1) In general.--The Secretary may--
``(A) make grants and enter into contracts, 
cooperative agreements, and other agreements (including 
agreements with departments, agencies, and 
instrumentalities of the Government) to--
``(i) provide technical assistance to 
recipients of assistance under this chapter for 
purposes of enabling recipients to--
``(I) more effectively and 
efficiently provide public 
transportation service;
``(II) administer assistance under 
this chapter in compliance with Federal 
law; and
``(III) improve public 
transportation; and'';
(B) in paragraph (2)--
(i) by striking the heading and all that 
follows through ``competitive bid process, 
may'' and inserting ``through a competitive bid 
process,''; and
(ii) by striking ``public-transportation-
related technical assistance under this 
subsection'' and inserting ``technical 
assistance under subparagraph (A)(i)'';
(C) by redesignating paragraph (2) as subparagraph 
(B) of paragraph (1) (and redesignating subparagraphs 
(A) through (I) of such paragraph as clauses (i) 
through (ix), respectively);
(D) in paragraph (3)(D) by striking ``subsections 
(b) and (c)'' and inserting ``this subsection''; and
(E) by redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as 
paragraphs (2) and (3), respectively;
(2) by amending subsection (b) to read as follows:
``(b) Transit Workforce Development Center.--
``(1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a 
national transit workforce development center and award grants 
to a national nonprofit organization for purposes of supporting 
the workforce development needs of urban, suburban, Tribal, and 
rural public transportation authorities across the United 
States.
``(2) Duties.--In cooperation with the Secretary, public 
transportation authorities, and labor organizations 
representing public transportation workers, the center 
established under paragraph (1) shall perform the following 
duties:
``(A) Improve access to on-the-job education and 
related skills training for frontline transit workers 
by serving as a centralized resource that provides 
comprehensive and relevant information on--
``(i) transit-related education, pathway 
programs, and professional development 
opportunities; or
``(ii) transit-related apprenticeship, 
scholarship, internship, and mentorship 
programs.
``(B) Develop and maintain a comprehensive 
workforce strategy to help coordinate workforce 
development initiatives for the frontline transit 
workforce, including by--
``(i) serving as a repository for research 
conducted by institutions of higher education, 
research institutions, or other stakeholders 
regarding the transit workforce and related 
technical and skill development;
``(ii) providing a forum to support 
collaboration and cooperation between 
governmental, nongovernmental, and private 
public transportation sector stakeholders 
regarding the advancement of the frontline 
transit workforce;
``(iii) providing instructors with the 
necessary instructional, leadership, and 
communication skills to better educate 
frontline transit workers;
``(iv) supporting personnel or veterans of 
the Armed Forces seeking to transition to a 
career in public transportation; and
``(v) promoting the recruitment, retention, 
job readiness and preparation of a skilled 
frontline workforce capable of working with new 
and emerging technologies that serve transit 
communities.
``(C) Conduct and implement technical assistance 
activities that promote more effective and efficient 
training of frontline workers involved in public 
transportation maintenance and operations.
``(D) Build awareness of youth-oriented programs 
and other robust outreach programs, including for 
primary, secondary, and post-secondary school students 
to enable such students to learn about public 
transportation occupations.
``(3) Duty to maintain tax-exempt status.--The center 
established in paragraph (1) shall be operated in a manner and 
for purposes that qualify the center for exemption from 
taxation under the Internal Revenue Code as an organization 
described in section 501(c)(3) of such Code.
``(4) Political activities.--The center established in 
paragraph (1)--
``(A) shall be nonpolitical and may not provide 
financial aid or assistance to, or otherwise contribute 
to or promote the candidacy of, any individual seeking 
elective public office or political party; and
``(B) may not engage in activities that are, 
directly, or indirectly, intended to be or likely to be 
perceived as advocating or influencing the legislative 
process.'';
(3) in subsection (c)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``, as defined in 
section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
U.S.C. 1001(a)), in order''; and
(B) in paragraph (4)(A) by inserting ``5308, 
5311,'' after ``sections 5307,''; and
(4) by adding at the end the following:
``(d) Allocation of Funds.--Of the funds made available for each 
fiscal year under section 5338(a)(2)(F) to carry out this section--
``(1) 28.57 percent shall be made available to carry out 
subsection (a); and
``(2) 71.43 percent shall be split equally and be made 
available to carry out each of subsections (b) and (c).
``(e) Definitions.--In this section:
``(1) Armed forces.--The term `armed forces' has the 
meaning given such term in section 101 of title 10.
``(2) High school; secondary school.--The terms `high 
school' and `secondary school' have the meanings given such 
terms in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
``(3) Institution of higher education.--The term 
`institution of higher education' has the meaning given such 
term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
U.S.C. 1001(a)).
``(4) Postsecondary vocational institution.--The term 
`postsecondary vocational institution' has the meaning given 
such term in section 102(c) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
(20 U.S.C. 1002(c)).''.

SEC. 3011. BUS TESTING FACILITY.

(a) In General.--Section 5318 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
``; and'';
(B) by striking ``facility for'' and inserting 
``facility for--''
(C) by striking ``testing'' and inserting ``(1) 
testing''; and
(D) by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph:
``(2) in the case that a bus model is equipped with an 
automated driving system (as defined in section 31132), testing 
for the competencies described under section 
31140(b)(1)(B)(x).'';
(2) in subsection (d)--
(A) by striking ``80 percent'' and inserting ``60 
percent''; and
(B) by striking ``20 percent'' and inserting ``40 
percent'';
(3) in subsection (e)--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A), by inserting ``described in this section'' 
after ``model''; and
(ii) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
``authorized under subsection (a)'' and 
inserting ``maintained under subsection (a) or 
authorized for testing pursuant to subsection 
(g)''; and
(B) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows:
``(2) Bus test `pass/fail' standard.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall--
``(i) maintain the performance standards 
under paragraph (1)(B)(i) that includes--
``(I) a bus model scoring system 
that results in a weighted, aggregate 
score that uses the testing categories 
under subsection (a); and
``(II) consideration of the 
relative importance of each such 
testing category; and
``(ii) establish a `pass/fail' standard 
that uses the aggregate score described in 
clause (i)(I).
``(B) Limitation on use of funds.--
``(i) New bus models.--Amounts appropriated 
or otherwise made available under this chapter 
may be obligated or expended to acquire a new 
bus model only if such model has received a 
passing score under the standard established 
under subparagraph (A)(ii).
``(ii) Rule of interpretation.--Such a 
passing score shall not be interpreted by any 
person or entity as a warranty or guarantee 
that a new bus model meet any specific 
requirement of a purchaser.
``(C) Scoring system.--The Secretary shall 
collaborate with the bus testing facility maintained 
under subsection (a), bus manufacturers, and transit 
agencies to develop and update, as appropriate, the bus 
model scoring system described in subparagraph 
(A)(i)(I).''; and
(4) by adding at the end the following:
``(g) Advanced Bus Technologies and Testing.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary may, through the facility 
maintained under subsection (a), subcontract the testing of new 
bus models equipped with advanced bus technologies, including 
new bus models equipped with automated driving systems, for 
each of the testing categories and competencies listed under 
subsection (a) to a person or entity experienced in testing 
such new bus models, provided such person or entity is not a 
manufacturer of a new bus model equipped with such advanced bus 
technologies.
``(2) Location of testing.--The testing described in 
paragraph (1) may be conducted at a facility other than the 
facility maintained under subsection (a) if the Secretary has 
determined that the facility maintained under subsection (a)--
``(A) is not equipped to test such new bus models;
``(B) does not have the knowledge or expertise to 
properly and efficiently test such new bus models; or
``(C) would, due to the additional testing of such 
new bus models, experience unreasonable delays in the 
testing of bus models that are not equipped with 
advanced bus technologies.
``(3) Savings clause.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
Secretary shall ensure that the testing of bus models without 
advanced bus technologies under this section is not adversely 
affected.''.
(b) Rulemaking.--Not later than 36 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall update part 665 of title 49, 
Code of Federal Regulations, as necessary, to implement the amendments 
made by this section.

SEC. 3012. CRIME PREVENTION AND SECURITY.

Section 5321 of title 49, United States Code, is amended to read as 
follows:
``Sec. 5321. Crime prevention and security
``(a) Eligible Expense.--For purposes of expending financial 
assistance described under section 5307(c)(1)(J), the following 
activities and projects shall be considered by the Secretary to be an 
eligible expense:
``(1) A project to increase lighting in or adjacent to a 
public transportation system, including the intercity bus 
portion of a federally funded public transportation facility 
and joint-use facility (including bus stops, subway stations, 
parking lots, and garages).
``(2) A project to increase camera surveillance of an area 
in or adjacent to such system.
``(3) A project that provides an emergency telephone line 
to contact law enforcement or security personnel in an area in 
or adjacent to such system.
``(4) A project to improve farebox infrastructure across 
such system.
``(5) A project to improve the cybersecurity of such 
system.
``(6) A project to improve technology, including any 
hardware or software investments designed to combat or report 
crime or improve security.
``(7) A project intended to increase the security and 
safety of an existing or planned public transportation system.
``(8) A project, including a project for operating costs 
notwithstanding section 5307(a)(1)(D), related to--
``(A) fare enforcement and the prevention of fare 
evasion;
``(B) hiring transit officers to police on public 
transportation and transit stations, including in the 
immediate vicinity of such stations;
``(C) contracting with local police departments to 
increase officer presence on public transportation 
systems and related facilities, including in the 
immediate vicinity of stations;
``(D) hiring transit support specialists; or
``(E) other activities to reduce criminal 
activities on public transportation systems, including 
intercity bus portions of federally funded public 
transportation facilities and joint-use facilities.
``(b) Special Rule.--Not more than the lesser of the following 
amounts may be expended by a recipient under section 5307(c)(1)(J) for 
eligible expenses described in subsection (a)(8):
``(1) An amount equal to the amount expended for eligible 
expenses described in paragraphs (1) through (7) of subsection 
(a).
``(2) 1.5 percent of the amount the recipient receives for 
each fiscal year under section 5336.
``(c) Transit Support Specialist Defined.--In this section, the 
term `transit support specialist' means an individual who may be a non-
sworn officer and is adequately trained to carry out a variety of 
duties designed to improve the security of public transportation 
systems through the known presence of such individual within a public 
transportation system, including physical presence aboard vehicles, and 
through engagement with the public.
``(d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this chapter shall be 
construed by the Secretary to prevent the financing of a project 
described in subsection (a) in any case in which a local governmental 
authority other than the recipient has law enforcement 
responsibilities.
``(e) Mandatory Fare Evasion Penalties.--
``(1) In general.--Beginning with fiscal year 2028, the 
Secretary shall withhold 10 percent of the assistance available 
to a direct recipient, as allocated in a split letter or other 
similar determination of the annual apportionment of funds by a 
designated recipient under section 5307 for an urbanized area, 
in each fiscal year in which a State or local government is not 
in compliance with paragraph (2).
``(2) State or local government compliance.--A State or 
local government is not in compliance with this paragraph if 
the act of evading a fare payment for public transportation 
services on any mode of public transportation in the urbanized 
area for which a direct recipient receives assistance described 
under paragraph (1) is not either a criminal or civil offense 
under the laws of such State or local government.
``(3) Public transportation services in multiple 
jurisdictions.--In any case in which a direct recipient 
provides public transportation services to more than 1 State or 
jurisdiction of a local government, the Secretary shall ensure 
that the withholding of funds under paragraph (1) does not 
adversely affect any State or local government jurisdiction 
that is in compliance with the requirements of paragraph (2).
``(4) Rule of construction.--The Secretary may not withhold 
funds under paragraph (1) to any recipient for which all of its 
service area is covered by a State or local policy, or a 
collection of State or local policies, that is in compliance 
with paragraph (2).
``(5) Withholding of funds.--
``(A) In general.--If the Secretary determines a 
State or local government comes into compliance with 
paragraph (2) in a fiscal year in which funds are 
withheld to a direct recipient under paragraph (1), the 
Secretary shall make the amount withheld available for 
apportionment to the direct recipient.
``(B) Lapse.--Any amounts withheld to a direct 
recipient under paragraph (1) and not restored under 
subparagraph (A) in a fiscal year shall lapse.''.

SEC. 3013. GENERAL PROVISIONS.

(a) In General.--Section 5323 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in subsection (d)(2)--
(A) in subparagraph (A)--
(i) in the subparagraph heading by 
inserting ``; notice of determination'' after 
``Investigations'';
(ii) by striking ``On receiving a complaint 
about a violation of the agreement required 
under'' and inserting ``Not later than 120 days 
after the receipt of any complaint of a 
violation of an agreement described in'';
(iii) by striking ``shall investigate and 
decide whether a violation has occurred.'' and 
inserting ``shall--
``(i) investigate such complaint; and
``(ii) provide, in writing, to the 
individual that filed the complaint and the 
recipient of financial assistance alleged to 
have violated such an agreement or a regulation 
prescribed in accordance with this section, the 
determination of the Secretary with respect 
to--
``(I) whether the recipient of such 
assistance violated this section or a 
regulation prescribed in accordance 
with this section;
``(II) the facts underlying the 
complaint; and
``(III) any action the Secretary is 
taking in response to the complaint.'';
(B) in subparagraph (C) by striking ``remedy 
specified in the agreement'' and inserting ``action the 
Secretary takes to remedy a violation of an agreement 
described in paragraph (1)'';
(C) by striking subparagraph (B); and
(D) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as 
subparagraph (B);
(2) in subsection (e)(1) by inserting ``5308,'' after 
``5307,'';
(3) in subsection (f)--
(A) in the heading by striking ``Schoolbus'' and 
inserting ``School Bus''; and
(B) by striking ``schoolbus'' each place it appears 
and inserting ``school bus'';
(4) in subsection (i)(1)(A)--
(A) by striking ``acquiring vehicles'' and 
inserting ``acquiring vehicles or vessels'';
(B) by striking ``et seq.) or'' and inserting ``et 
seq.), with''; and
(C) by striking ``is for 85 percent'' and all that 
follows through the period and inserting ``, or as an 
eligible project (as defined in section 5339(e)(2)) 
under section 5339 of this chapter is for 90 percent of 
the net project cost.'';
(5) in subsection (j)(3)--
(A) in subparagraph (A) by inserting ``and not 
later than 180 days after the date on which an 
applicant submits a request to the Secretary to waive 
the requirements of paragraph (1)'' after ``paragraph 
(2)'';
(B) in subparagraph (B)--
(i) by striking ``Not later than 1 year 
after the date of enactment of the Federal 
Public Transportation Act of 2012, and annually 
thereafter, the'' and inserting the following:
``(i) In general.--Except as otherwise 
provided in clause (ii), the'';
(ii) by inserting ``, on an annual basis,'' 
after ``shall'';
(iii) by striking ``a report listing any 
waiver'' and inserting ``a report listing--
``(I) any waiver'';
(iv) by striking the period at the end and 
inserting ``; and''; and
(v) by adding at the end the following:
``(II) any extensions of an 
application to waive the requirements 
described in paragraph (1) and the 
rationale as to why a determination 
requires additional time consider prior 
to issuing a written determination.
``(ii) Exception.--In the event the 
Secretary issues fewer than 3 or no waivers 
provided for under paragraph (2) during the 
preceding year, the Secretary may brief the 
Committees described in clause (i) in lieu of 
submitting a report under such clause.'';
(C) by redesignating subparagraph (B) as 
subparagraph (C); and
(D) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the 
following:
``(B) Extension.--If, upon review of the facts and 
status of an application to waive the requirements 
described in paragraph (1), the Secretary determines 
that the time provided to make a written determination 
is insufficient, the Secretary may approve an extension 
of such determination deadline by not more than 6 
months.'';
(6) in subsection (r)--
(A) by striking ``A recipient'' and inserting ``(1) 
In general.--A recipient''; and
(B) by striking ``In determining'' and all that 
follows through the period at the end and inserting the 
following:
``(2) Requirements.--In determining reasonable access under 
paragraph (1), a recipient of assistance shall--
``(A) consider capacity requirements of the 
recipient of assistance and the extent to which access 
would be detrimental to existing public transportation 
services; and
``(B) not later than 90 days after receiving a 
request for access to such facility from a private 
intercity or charter transportation operator--
``(i) provide a written response to the 
requestor; and
``(ii) simultaneously provide a copy of 
such response to the Secretary.
``(3) Savings clause.--Nothing in this subsection shall be 
construed to--
``(A) limit the authority of the Secretary to act 
as otherwise authorized by law to ensure proper use of, 
and authorize access to, federally funded public 
transportation facilities; or
``(B) require a recipient of federal assistance 
under this chapter to fund special facilities for 
private intercity or charter operators.'';
(7) in subsection (u)--
(A) by striking paragraphs (1) and (2) and 
inserting the following:
``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
``(A) Covered entity.--The term `covered entity' 
means an entity (including a corporation, partnership, 
association, organization, or other entity)--
``(i) the principal place of business of 
which is in a covered nation;
``(ii) that is headquartered in, 
incorporated in, or otherwise organized under 
the laws of a covered nation;
``(iii) that, regardless of where the 
entity is organized or doing business, is owned 
or controlled by a covered nation or covered 
individual, including circumstances in which a 
covered individual possesses the power to 
determine, direct, or decide matters affecting 
the entity--
``(I) through--
``(aa) the ownership of a 
majority of the total 
outstanding voting interest in 
the entity;
``(bb) board 
representation;
``(cc) proxy voting;
``(dd) a special share;
``(ee) contractual 
arrangements;
``(ff) formal or informal 
arrangements to act in concert; 
or
``(gg) other means; and
``(II) regardless of whether the 
power is--
``(aa) direct; or
``(bb) exercised or 
unexercised;
``(iv) is owned or controlled by a 
subsidiary or affiliate of an entity described 
in clause (i), (ii), or (iii), or that is the 
majority owner of a joint venture with an 
entity described in clause (i), (ii), or (iii);
``(v) is a manufacturer from which the 
procurement of rolling stock was ever 
prohibited under this subsection; or
``(vi) is an owner of, successor of, 
subsidiary of, or affiliate of a manufacturer 
described in clause (v), or is the majority 
owner of a joint venture with such a 
manufacturer.
``(B) Covered funding.--The term `covered funding' 
means any financial assistance administered in 
accordance with the requirements of this chapter.
``(C) Covered individual.--The term `covered 
individual' means any individual, wherever located--
``(i) whose activities are directly or 
supervised, directed, controlled, financed, or 
subsidized, in whole or in majority part, by a 
covered nation or covered entity;
``(ii) who acts as an agent, 
representative, or employee of a covered nation 
or an individual described in clause (i);
``(iii) who acts in any other capacity at 
the order of, at the request of, or under the 
direction or control of a covered nation or an 
individual described in clause (i); or
``(iv) who--
``(I) is a citizen or resident of a 
covered nation or a country controlled 
by a covered nation; and
``(II) is not a citizen or 
permanent resident of the United 
States.
``(D) Covered nation.--The term `covered nation' 
has the meaning given the term in section 4872(d) of 
title 10.
``(E) Covered vehicle.--The term `covered vehicle' 
means rolling stock that--
``(i) is produced or provided by a covered 
entity included on the list developed under 
paragraph (2)(B); or
``(ii) incorporates an electric power train 
manufactured or provided by a covered entity 
included on the list developed under paragraph 
(2)(B).
``(F) Electric power train.--The term `electric 
power train' has the meaning given the term in section 
571.305 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations (as in 
effect on the date of enactment of the BUILD America 
250 Act).
``(2) Prohibition.--
``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (C), on 
and after the date of enactment of the BUILD America 
250 Act, the Secretary may not award or obligate 
covered funding--
``(i) for a contract or subcontract for the 
procurement of a covered vehicle; or
``(ii) for the construction, installation, 
or maintenance of infrastructure to fuel or 
charge a covered vehicle that is a bus, if the 
applicable covered vehicle is procured under a 
contract or subcontract executed on or after 
the date of enactment of the BUILD America 250 
Act.
``(B) List of covered entities.--
``(i) In general.--Not later than 30 days 
after the date of enactment of the BUILD 
America 250 Act, the United States Trade 
Representative, in consultation with the 
Attorney General and the Secretary, shall make 
publicly available, including on a publicly 
accessible website, a list of covered entities 
that produce or provide--
``(I) rolling stock to which the 
prohibition under subparagraph (A) 
applies; or
``(II) electric power trains the 
incorporation of which into rolling 
stock would render the rolling stock 
subject to the prohibition under 
subparagraph (A).
``(ii) Updates.--The United States Trade 
Representative shall update the list required 
under clause (i)--
``(I) based on information provided 
to the United States Trade 
Representative by the Attorney General 
and the Secretary; and
``(II) not less frequently than--
``(aa) once every 90 days 
during the 180-day period 
beginning on the date of 
initial publication of the list 
under such clause; and
``(bb) annually thereafter.
``(C) Exception.--Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), 
the Secretary may procure a covered vehicle or 
construct, install, or maintain infrastructure to fuel 
or charge a covered vehicle for purposes of--
``(i) the inspection or investigation of a 
motor vehicle or equipment; or
``(ii) motor vehicle safety research, 
development, or testing.'';
(B) in paragraph (4) by striking ``paragraph (1)'' 
each place it appears and inserting ``paragraph (2)'';
(C) in paragraph (5)--
(i) in subparagraph (A)--
(I) by striking ``This subsection, 
including the'' and inserting ``The'';
(II) by striking ``(4),'' and 
inserting ``(4)'';
(III) by inserting ``that does not 
utilize covered funds'' after 
``subcontract'';
(IV) by striking ``rail rolling 
stock manufacturer described in 
paragraph (1)'' and inserting ``covered 
entity'';
(V) by striking ``the 
manufacturer'' and inserting ``the 
covered entity''; and
(VI) by striking ``date of 
enactment of this subsection'' and 
inserting ``date of enactment of the 
BUILD America 250 Act'';
(ii) by striking subparagraph (B) and 
inserting the following:
``(B) Contract completion.--Notwithstanding 
paragraph (2), covered funds may be obligated for a 
contract or subcontract that was eligible for 
assistance under this chapter under the provisions of 
this subsection prior to the date of enactment of the 
BUILD America 250 Act until the delivery of rolling 
stock is complete under such contract and throughout 
the completion of all contract warranties under such 
contract.''; and
(iii) by striking subparagraph (C); and
(D) by adding at the end the following:
``(6) Severability.--If any provision of this subsection, 
or the application of this subsection to any person or 
circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional or otherwise 
invalid, the remainder of this subsection, and the application 
of the provision to any other person or circumstance, shall not 
be affected.''; and
(8) by adding at the end the following:
``(w) Bus Procurement Assessment and Maximum Federal Payment.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall--
``(A) immediately upon enactment of this subsection 
and at least once every 5 years thereafter, carry out a 
review of--
``(i) all applicable Federal laws and 
policies relating to the procurement of bus 
rolling stock by a recipient of Federal 
assistance under this chapter, including 
policies, processes, and procedures relating to 
such procurement set forth by the Federal 
Transit Administration; and
``(ii) relevant awards to recipients of 
such assistance that resulted in completed 
procurement of bus rolling stock for use in 
public transportation within the most recent 5 
years, including a comparative analysis of 
vehicle components, designs, use of performance 
specifications in contracting, use of State and 
local purchasing schedules, and total costs 
associated with the procurement of such 
vehicles;
``(B) update, as necessary, policies, processes, 
procedures, administrative guidance, and best practices 
of the Secretary to ensure the timely, cost-effective, 
and efficient procurement of bus rolling stock by a 
recipient of such assistance; and
``(C) beginning in fiscal year 2029, and on an 
annual basis thereafter, publish a schedule listing the 
maximum amounts of Federal funds that may be used by a 
recipient, on a per unit basis and notwithstanding the 
applicable Federal cost share, to procure different 
combinations of propulsion types and lengths of bus 
rolling stock, as such amounts are determined under 
paragraph (2).
``(2) Maximum federal payment amount.--
``(A) In general.--Each maximum federal payment 
amount published by the Secretary in accordance with 
paragraph (1)(C) and allowed to be used in the 
procurement of bus rolling stock by a recipient of 
Federal assistance shall--
``(i) account for all applicable Federal 
procurement laws and administrative policies;
``(ii) not be construed to constrain the 
price of such bus rolling stock that a 
recipient of federal assistance may procure 
using non-Federal funds; and
``(iii) ensure the procurement of safe and 
reliable bus rolling stock for use in public 
transportation.
``(B) Maximum federal payment formula.--For each 
unique combination of vehicle length and propulsion 
type for which bus rolling stock is commercially 
available, the maximum federal payment shall equal an 
amount according to the following formulas:
``(i) Fiscal year 2029.--For fiscal year 
2029, the maximum Federal payment amount shall 
equal the average of all of the products of 80 
percent multiplied by the price of each 
procurement for a bus rolling stock combination 
of similar propulsion type and vehicle length 
procured within the most recent 5 years.
``(ii) Fiscal year 2030.--For fiscal year 
2030, the maximum Federal payment amount shall 
equal the average of all of the products of 75 
percent multiplied by the price of each 
procurement for a bus rolling stock combination 
of similar propulsion type and vehicle length 
procured within the most recent 5 years.
``(iii) Fiscal year 2031.--For fiscal year 
2031 and in each fiscal year thereafter, the 
maximum Federal payment amount shall equal the 
average of all of the products of 70 percent 
multiplied by the price of each procurement for 
a bus rolling stock combination of similar 
propulsion type and vehicle length procured 
within the most recent 5 years.
``(3) Special rules for maximum federal payment schedule.--
``(A) Publish date.--The schedule described in 
paragraph (1)(C) shall be published not later than 
October 1 of each year in which the maximum Federal 
payment amount is in effect pursuant to the formulas in 
paragraph (2)(B).
``(B) Requirement.--The schedule described in 
paragraph (1)(C) shall include a maximum Federal 
payment amount for each unique combination of 
propulsion type and vehicle length for which bus 
rolling stock is commercially available.
``(C) Failure to publish.--In the event the 
Secretary fails to publish the schedule described in 
paragraph (1)(C) by the date provided under 
subparagraph (A), the most recently published schedule 
shall remain in effect, adjusted for inflation based on 
the Producer Price Index prepared by the Department of 
Labor.
``(D) Failure to publish all commercially available 
combinations.--A schedule that omits a maximum Federal 
payment amount for any combination of propulsion type 
and vehicle length of bus rolling stock that is 
commercially available shall be considered incomplete 
and subject to paragraph (C).
``(4) Savings clause.--Nothing in this subsection shall 
limit the authority of the Secretary to apply the applicable 
Federal cost share for an award made under this chapter as such 
cost share applies to an award for purposes of procuring or 
purchasing bus rolling stock.
``(5) Report to congress.--The Secretary shall issue a 
report to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, 
Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate on the results of each 
review required under paragraph (1)(A).
``(6) State purchasing schedule.--
``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding paragraph 
(1)(C), the Secretary shall exempt a recipient of 
financial assistance under this chapter from being 
subject to the maximum Federal payment amount relating 
to the procurement of a unit of bus rolling stock if--
``(i) the recipient of such assistance--
``(I) procures a unit or more of 
bus rolling stock using a State 
Cooperative Procurement Schedule 
pursuant to section 3019 of the FAST 
Act (Public Law 114-94); and
``(II) such cooperative procurement 
schedule ensures the procurement 
complies with applicable Federal 
procurement laws and administrative 
policies, including subsections (j) and 
(u) of this section; and
``(ii) the cooperative procurement schedule 
described in clause (i)--
``(I) allows a recipient to select 
from a State-developed schedule of 
standardized vehicle models;
``(II) reduces or eliminates 
vehicle customization options for the 
recipient, except for vehicle 
modifications based on performance 
specifications (as defined under 
section 5325(f)(3)); and
``(III) in the estimation of the 
recipient, reduces the per unit cost of 
bus rolling stock for the combination 
of propulsion type and vehicle length 
being procured below what such 
recipient would otherwise expect to pay 
through a standalone procurement.
``(B) Technical assistance.--The Secretary shall 
provide technical assistance to a State that seeks to 
develop a State Cooperative Procurement Schedule 
pursuant to section 3019 of the FAST Act (Public Law 
114-94).
``(C) Joint procurement clearinghouse.--The 
Secretary shall maintain an updated list of State 
Cooperative Procurement Schedules that comply with the 
requirements under subparagraph (A) on the joint 
procurement clearinghouse established pursuant to 
section 3019(b)(4) of the FAST Act (Public Law 114-94).
``(x) Advanced Payments for Bus Rolling Stock.--
``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any provision of this 
chapter or part 200 of title 2, Code of Federal Regulations, or 
any successor regulation, a recipient may use assistance made 
available under this chapter to make an advance payment on a 
bus rolling stock vehicle without the transit vehicle 
manufacturer obtaining a performance bond or similar financial 
arrangement.
``(2) Requirements for advanced payment.--A recipient may 
make an advance payment under paragraph (1) only if--
``(A) such recipient has a signed purchase order 
and executed contract with a transit vehicle 
manufacturer that includes advance payment provisions;
``(B) the grant with respect to which such payment 
is being made has received preaward authority pursuant 
to subsection (m); and
``(C) in the case of an advance payment for bus 
rolling stock, such model meets the requirements of 
section 5318(e).
``(3) Limitation on advanced payment.--A recipient may not 
make an advanced payment under paragraph (1) that is more than 
20 percent of the total purchase order value.''.
(b) Reasonable Access Standard.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish and make 
publicly available a reasonable access standard to ensure 
recipients of assistance under chapter 53 of title 49, United 
States Code, comply with the requirements of section 5323 of 
such chapter.
(2) Consultation.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
Secretary shall consult with, and solicit feedback from, 
industry stakeholders and recipients of such assistance, 
including representatives from--
(A) public transportation agencies;
(B) private intercity bus operators;
(C) charter operators;
(D) federally funded public transportation 
facilities; and
(E) other stakeholders the Secretary considers 
appropriate.
(3) Briefing.--Not later than 90 days after publishing the 
standard required by this subsection, the Secretary shall brief 
the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House 
of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
Urban Affairs of the Senate on the contents of such standard.

SEC. 3014. PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY RELIEF PROGRAM.

Section 5324 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (c)(1) by striking ``to carry'' and 
inserting ``or otherwise made available to carry''; and
(2) by adding at the end the following:
``(g) Period of Availability.--
``(1) In general.--Any amounts made available to an 
applicant after the date of enactment of the BUILD America 250 
Act to carry out a project under this section--
``(A) shall remain available for not more than 5 
fiscal years after the fiscal year for which the amount 
is made available; and
``(B) that remain unobligated at the end of the 
period described in subparagraph (A) shall be recouped 
by the Secretary to remain available for future 
applicants.
``(2) Extension.--The Secretary may extend the period of 
availability under paragraph (1)(A) if an insurance claim made 
by an applicant related to a project that has received funding 
under this section has not been settled within the period 
provided under paragraph (1)(A).''.

SEC. 3015. CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS.

Section 5325(f) of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph 
(1) as clauses (i) and (ii), respectively;
(2) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively;
(3) by striking ``A recipient'' and inserting ``(1) In 
general.--A recipient''; and
(4) by adding at the end the following:
``(2) Performance specifications in competitive procurement 
for bus rolling stock.--A recipient of financial assistance 
under this chapter that enters into a contract pursuant to 
paragraph (1)(B) for purposes of procuring bus rolling stock 
shall, to the maximum extent practicable, utilize performance 
specifications in the procurement process to acquire bus 
rolling stock.
``(3) Performance specifications defined.--In this 
subsection, the term `performance specifications'--
``(A) means specifications--
``(i) based on the function and performance 
of bus rolling stock under specified 
conditions, and such specifications may include 
useful life, reliability in terms of average 
intervals between failure, and capacity; and
``(ii) that comply with the procurement 
process referenced in paragraph (1)(B); and
``(B) may include additional criteria as the 
criteria described in subparagraph (A), as determined 
by a recipient of Federal assistance in a competitive 
procurement process.''.

SEC. 3016. TRANSIT ASSET MANAGEMENT.

(a) In General.--Section 5326 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 5326. Transit asset management
``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall maintain--
``(1) a national transit asset management system for 
purposes of monitoring and managing public transportation 
capital assets to enhance safety, reduce maintenance costs, 
increase reliability, and improve performance of public 
transportation systems; and
``(2) objective standards for measuring the condition of 
capital assets of recipients, including equipment, rolling 
stock, infrastructure, and facilities, for purposes of 
determining state of good repair.
``(b) Requirements.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary 
shall require a transit provider to--
``(1) develop a transit asset management plan;
``(2) not less frequently than once per fiscal year in 
which the transit provider receives Federal assistance--
``(A) establish performance targets with respect to 
the state of good repair standards prescribed by the 
Secretary under part 625 of title 49, Code of Federal 
Regulations (or any successor regulation);
``(B) submit to the Secretary a data report that 
details--
``(i) condition information for all assets 
of the public transportation system of such 
provider; and
``(ii) the performance targets established 
pursuant to subparagraph (A) for the subsequent 
fiscal year; and
``(C) submit to the Secretary a narrative report 
that--
``(i) describes any change in the condition 
of the public transportation system from the 
year immediately preceding the year for which 
the report is submitted; and
``(ii) describes the progress made during 
the period covered by the report toward meeting 
each performance target established by the 
transit provider pursuant to subparagraph (B) 
with respect to such period; and
``(3) report any additional information the Secretary 
determines appropriate to demonstrate compliance with the state 
of good repair standards prescribed by the Secretary under part 
625 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor 
regulation).
``(c) Transit Asset Management for Certain Transit Providers.--For 
purposes of complying with the requirements under subsection (b), a 
tier II provider may, at the discretion of the Secretary, coordinate 
with a sponsor.
``(d) Support Tools and Technical Assistance.--In carrying out this 
section, the Secretary shall--
``(1) develop an analytical process or decision support 
tool for use by a transit provider subject to the requirements 
of subsection (b) that--
``(A) aids in estimating the amount of capital 
investment needed for a public transportation system 
over time;
``(B) assists with asset investment prioritization 
within a public transportation system; and
``(C) enables continuous monitoring of capital 
assets and the real-time performance of such assets;
``(2) provide technical assistance to such providers; and
``(3) maintain, and periodically update, a transit asset 
management system guide to foster consistency in transit system 
asset management practices by such providers.
``(e) Definitions.--In this section:
``(1) Sponsor.--The term `sponsor' means a State, a 
designated recipient, or a direct recipient that develops a 
group transportation asset management plan on behalf of at 
least 1 tier II provider.
``(2) Tier ii provider.--The term `tier II provider' has 
the meaning prescribed by part 625.5 of title 49, Code of 
Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation.
``(3) Transit asset management system.--The term `transit 
asset management system' means a strategic and systematic 
process of operating, maintaining, and improving public 
transportation capital assets effectively throughout the life 
cycle of such assets.
``(4) Transit provider.--The term `transit provider' means 
a recipient or subrecipient of Federal financial assistance 
under this chapter that owns, operates, or manages capital 
assets used in providing public transportation.''.
(b) Savings Clause.--The amendments made by this section to section 
5326 of title 49, United States Code, shall not be construed by the 
Secretary to--
(1) require any updates to the regulations promulgated in 
part 625 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, (or any 
successor regulation) for purposes of administering such 
section, as amended; and
(2) impose any requirements on a tier II provider (as such 
term is prescribed by part 625.5 of title 49, Code of Federal 
Regulations, or any successor regulation) that is in addition 
to the requirements imposed on such a provider under such part, 
as of the date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3017. PROJECT MANAGEMENT OVERSIGHT.

Section 5327 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(12) by striking ``quarterly'' and 
inserting ``annually''; and
(2) in subsection (d)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``section 
5338(f)'' and all that follows through the semicolon 
and inserting ``section 5338(c) that excludes--
``(A) a project to maintain or rehabilitate a 
vehicle; or
``(B) a project with an estimated total cost of 
less than $1,000,000,000 except if the Secretary 
determines project management oversight will benefit 
the Federal Government or the recipient;''; and
(B) by striking ``quarterly'' in each place it 
appears and inserting ``annual''.

SEC. 3018. PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SAFETY PROGRAM.

(a) In General.--Section 5329 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
``(a) Definition of Recipient.--In this section, the term 
`recipient' means a State or local governmental authority, or any other 
operator of a public transportation system, that receives financial 
assistance under this chapter.'';
(2) in subsection (b)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``create and 
implement'' and inserting ``maintain'';
(B) in paragraph (2)--
(i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) by striking ``include'';
(ii) in subparagraph (A) by inserting 
``include'' before ``safety performance 
criteria'';
(iii) by striking subparagraph (B) and 
inserting the following:
``(B) consider transit asset management plans, 
including the state of good repair of capital assets, 
as such plans relate to the safety performance of 
public transportation systems;'';
(iv) in subparagraph (C) by inserting 
``include'' before ``minimum safety 
performance'';
(v) in subparagraph (D) by inserting 
``provide information sources on'' before 
``precautionary and reactive'';
(vi) in subparagraph (E) by inserting 
``establish voluntary'' before ``minimum safety 
standards to ensure'';
(vii) in subparagraph (F) by striking ``a 
public'' and inserting ``provide information 
sources on the public''; and
(viii) in subparagraph (G) by striking 
``consideration, where appropriate, of'' and 
inserting ``encourage, where appropriate,''; 
and
(C) in paragraph (3) by striking ``under paragraph 
(1) as necessary'' and all that follows through the 
period at the end and inserting ``described in 
paragraph (1) at least once every 5 years.'';
(3) in subsection (c) by striking ``establish'' and all 
that follows through the period at the end and inserting 
``maintain a public transportation safety certification 
training program and curriculum for--
``(1) Federal and State employees, or other designated 
personnel, who conduct safety audits and examinations of public 
transportation systems; and
``(2) employees of public transportation agencies directly 
responsible for safety oversight.'';
(4) in subsection (d)--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) by striking ``Each recipient or State, as 
described in paragraph (3), shall certify that 
the recipient or State'' and inserting ``Except 
as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3), each 
recipient shall certify that such recipient'';
(ii) in subparagraph (B) by striking 
``cooperation'' and inserting ``consultation''; 
and
(iii) in subparagraph (I)--
(I) by redesignating clauses (i) 
and (ii) as subclauses (I) and (II), 
respectively;
(II) by striking ``operations to 
improve safety by reducing'' and 
inserting ``operations to--
``(i) improve workplace safety for 
frontline employees by reducing'';
(III) in subclause (II), as so 
redesignated, by striking the period 
and inserting a semicolon; and
(IV) by adding at the end the 
following:
``(ii) improve passenger safety system-
wide, including through a reduction in the 
number and rates of assaults and other violent 
crimes on transit passengers while onboard 
public transportation vehicles and in public 
transportation facilities, including intercity 
bus portions of such facilities and joint-use 
facilities where appropriate; and
``(iii) mitigate fare evasion system-wide, 
to the greatest extent practicable.'';
(B) by striking paragraphs (2) and (3) and 
inserting the following:
``(2) PTASP drafting and certification for small public 
transportation providers.--A State shall draft and certify an 
agency safety plan described in this subsection on behalf of 
any small public transportation provider (as defined in part 
673.5 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations) that is in that 
State unless such small public transportation provider notifies 
the State of intent to draft and certify an agency safety plan 
specific to such provider.
``(3) Certain exempt operators.--This subsection shall not 
apply to an operator of a public transportation system that--
``(A) only receives Federal financial assistance 
under section 5310 or 5311; and
``(B) does not operate a rail fixed guideway public 
transportation system.''; and
(C) in paragraph (4)--
(i) by striking ``rolling average of'' and 
all that follows through the period at the end 
and inserting ``rolling average of--
``(i) the data submitted by the recipient 
to the national transit database under section 
5335; and
``(ii) any other data related to system 
operations and revenues, as such data pertains 
to the safety of the transit system, captured 
by the recipient.'';
(ii) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``0.75 
percent'' and inserting ``1 percent''; and
(iii) in subparagraph (D) by striking 
``including modifications to rolling stock and 
de-escalation training.'' and inserting 
``including modifications to--
``(i) rolling stock;
``(ii) farebox infrastructure; and
``(iii) de-escalation training.'';
(5) in subsection (e)(3) by striking ``In order to obligate 
funds apportioned under section 5338 to carry out this chapter, 
effective 3 years after the date on which a final rule under 
this subsection becomes effective'' and inserting ``For 
purposes of obligating Federal assistance pursuant to this 
chapter''; and
(6) in subsection (i) by striking ``consult with the'' and 
inserting ``obtain the concurrence of the''.
(b) Regulations; Guidance.--Not later than 36 months after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall issue or update such 
regulations and guidance as may be necessary to implement the 
amendments made by this section.

SEC. 3019. ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS.

Section 5334 of title 49, United States Code, is amended in 
subsection (h)(4)(B)(ii)(II)(bb) by striking the period at the end and 
inserting ``, except the recipient may retain such amounts if the 
recipient or a subrecipient certify to the Secretary that the amounts 
will be used in a capital project under section 5307, 5308, 5310, or 
5311.''.

SEC. 3020. NATIONAL TRANSIT DATABASE.

(a) In General.--Section 5335 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 5335. National transit database
``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall maintain a reporting system, 
using a uniform system of accounts, to help meet the needs of 
individual public transportation systems, the Federal Government, State 
and local governments, and the public, as such needs relate to having 
access to adequate information on which to base public transportation 
service planning.
``(b) Information Required.--The reporting system described in 
subsection (a) shall--
``(1) use uniform categories to accumulate public 
transportation--
``(A) financial information;
``(B) operating information;
``(C) geographic service area coverage information; 
and
``(D) asset condition information; and
``(2) contain appropriate information, as determined by the 
Secretary, to aid Federal, State, or local governmental 
authorities in making a public sector investment decisions.
``(c) Required Reporters.--The Secretary shall subject a recipient 
of Federal financial assistance pursuant to sections 5307 and 5311, and 
any person receiving benefits directly from such assistance, to the 
requirements of this section.
``(d) Data Required To Be Reported.--The Secretary shall, at a 
minimum, require a recipient described in subsection (c) to report for 
inclusion in the national transit database the following information:
``(1) Information relating to a transit asset inventory or 
condition assessment conducted by the recipient.
``(2) Data on assaults on transit workers of the recipient.
``(3) Data on fatalities that result from an impact with a 
bus.
``(4) Information relating to a public transportation 
system's revenue loss because of fare evasion for each mode.
``(5) Data on assaults and other violent crimes on transit 
passengers while onboard public transportation vehicles and in 
public transportation facilities.''.
(b) Savings Clause.--The amendment made by this section to section 
5335 of title 49, United States Code, shall not be construed by the 
Secretary to impose any requirements on reduced reporters, including 
voluntary reporters, that are additional to requirements imposed on 
such reporters as of the date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3021. APPORTIONMENT OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR URBANIZED AREA FORMULA 
GRANTS.

(a) In General.--Section 5336 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in the section heading by inserting ``urbanized area'' 
before ``formula'';
(2) in subsection (a) by striking ``subsection (h)(5)'' and 
inserting ``subsection (h)(6)'';
(3) in subsection (b)(2)(E) by striking ``section 
5337(c)(3)'' and inserting ``section 5337(b)(3)'';
(4) in subsection (d)(1) by striking ``section 
5338(a)(2)(C)'' and inserting ``section 5338(a)(2)(B)'';
(5) in subsection (f) by striking ``section 5311(c)(3)'' in 
each place it occurs and inserting ``section 5311(c)(5)'';
(6) in subsection (h)--
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by 
striking ``section 5338(a)(2)(C)'' and inserting 
``section 5338(a)(2)(B)'';
(B) in paragraph (1)--
(i) by striking ``$30,000,000'' and 
inserting ``$125,000,000''; and
(ii) by striking ``section 5307(h)'' and 
inserting ``the competitive passenger ferry 
grants in section 5339(d) as such grants relate 
to an area described under section 
5339(d)(2)(A)'';
(C) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (5) as 
paragraphs (3) through (6), respectively;
(D) by inserting before paragraph (3), as so 
redesignated, the following:
``(2) $400,000,000 shall be set aside each fiscal year to 
carry out the all stations accessibility program under section 
5307(h)'';'';
(E) in paragraph (4), as so redesignated, by 
striking ``3 percent'' and inserting ``5 percent''; and
(F) in paragraph (6), as so redesignated, by 
striking ``and (4)'' and inserting ``(4), and (5)'';
(7) in subsection (i)(2)(A) by striking ``subsection 
(h)(3)'' and inserting ``subsection (h)(4)'';
(8) in subsection (j) by striking ``subsection (h)(2)'' and 
inserting ``subsection (h)(3)''; and
(9) by adding at the end the following:
``(k) All Stations Accessibility Required.--
``(1) In general.--In addition to the amounts required to 
be expended under section 5307(c)(1)(K), beginning on October 
1, 2028, the Secretary shall, on an annual basis, determine, as 
applicable, the amount under paragraph (2) that a direct 
recipient shall expend on covered projects from the total 
amount made available to the relevant direct recipient pursuant 
to the formulas in this section to carry out section 5307.
``(2) Amount for covered projects.--A direct recipient that 
allocates assistance made available under section 5307 to an 
inaccessible rail fixed guideway public transportation system 
that is determined by the Secretary to have, with respect to 
all stations or facilities for passenger use that are under the 
direct control of the direct recipient--
``(A) 30 percent or fewer of such stations or 
facilities that are covered stations or facilities for 
passenger use, the direct recipient shall expend 3 
percent of the total amount of such assistance made 
available to the direct recipient;
``(B) between 31 and 50 percent of such stations or 
facilities that are covered stations or facilities for 
passenger use, the direct recipient shall expend 4 
percent of the total amount of such assistance made 
available to the direct recipient; or
``(C) more than 51 percent of such stations or 
facilities that are covered stations or facilities for 
passenger use, the direct recipient shall expend 5 
percent of the total amount of such assistance made 
available to the direct recipient.
``(3) Briefing to congress.--Not less frequently than 
annually, the Secretary shall brief the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
Urban Affairs of the Senate on--
``(A) the status and types of covered projects 
initiated by direct recipients using amounts determined 
under paragraph (2); and
``(B) any other information the Secretary 
determines relevant.
``(4) Definitions.--In this subsection:
``(A) Covered project.--The term `covered project' 
means a capital project to further meet or exceed the 
requirements described in part 37 or part 38 of title 
49, Code of Federal Regulations.
``(B) Covered station or facility for passenger 
use.--The term `covered station or facility for 
passenger use' means a station or facility--
``(i) construction of which began before 
January 26, 1992;
``(ii) which the Secretary determines has 
not been made accessible to and usable by 
persons with disabilities, including 
individuals who use wheelchairs; and
``(iii) which is in use for the provision 
of a rail fixed guideway public transportation.
``(C) Direct recipient.--The term `direct 
recipient' means a public entity that receives funding 
directly from the Federal Transit Administration to 
carry out grants in urbanized areas pursuant to section 
5307, which may include a designated recipient.
``(D) Inaccessible rail fixed guideway public 
transportation system.--The term `inaccessible rail 
fixed guideway public transportation system' means a 
rail fixed guideway public transportation system with 
at least 1 covered station or facility for passenger 
use.''.
(b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 53 of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 
5336 and inserting the following:

``5336. Apportionment of appropriations for urbanized area formula 
grants.''.

SEC. 3022. STATE OF GOOD REPAIR GRANTS.

Section 5337 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) by striking subsection (a);
(2) in subsection (b)(1)--
(A) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting 
``For purposes of ensuring the safety of public 
transportation systems, the Secretary''; and
(B) by striking ``to maintain public transportation 
systems'' and inserting ``to maintain such public 
transportation systems'';
(3) in subsection (c)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``authorized or''; 
and
(B) in paragraph (4) to read as follows:
``(4) Limitation.--The share of the total amount 
apportioned under this subsection that is apportioned to an 
area under this subsection shall not decrease by more than 0.25 
percentage points compared to the share apportioned to the area 
under this subsection in the previous fiscal year.'';
(4) in subsection (d)--
(A) in paragraph (2) by striking ``authorized or''; 
and
(B) in paragraph (5) by striking ``subsection 
(b)(1)'' and inserting ``subsection (a)(1)'';
(5) by striking subsection (f); and
(6) by redesignating subsections (b) through (e), as 
amended, as subsections (a) through (d), respectively.

SEC. 3023. AUTHORIZATIONS.

Section 5338 of title 49, United States Code, is amended to read as 
follows:
``Sec. 5338. Authorizations.
``(a) Grants.--
``(1) In general.--There shall be available from the Mass 
Transit Account of the Highway Trust Fund to carry out sections 
5305, 5307, 5310, 5311, 5312, 5314, 5318, 5324, 5334, 5335, 
5337, 5339, and 5340--
``(A) $16,868,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(B) $17,205,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(C) $17,527,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(D) $17,835,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
``(E) $18,157,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(2) Allocation of funds.--Of the amounts made available 
to the Secretary under paragraph (1), the following allocations 
apply:
``(A) Planning programs.--To carry out section 
5305--
``(i) $222,930,000 for fiscal year 2027, of 
which $15,000,000 is to carry out section 
5305(i);
``(ii) $225,820,000 for fiscal year 2028, 
of which $15,200,000 is to carry out section 
5305(i);
``(iii) $228,760,000 for fiscal year 2029, 
of which $15,400,000 is to carry out section 
5305(i);
``(iv) $231,730,000 for fiscal year 2030, 
of which $15,600,000 is to carry out section 
5305(i); and
``(v) $234,750,000 for fiscal year 2031, of 
which $15,800,000 is to carry out section 
5305(i).
``(B) Urbanized area grants.--To carry out, in 
accordance with the formulas set for forth in section 
5336, section 5307--
``(i) $7,745,474,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $7,869,922,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $7,996,361,000 for fiscal year 
2029;
``(iv) $8,124,823,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $8,255,340,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(C) Grants for enhanced mobility of seniors and 
individuals with disabilities.--To carry out section 
5310--
``(i) $447,300,000 for fiscal year 2027, of 
which $10,000,000 is to carry out section 
5310(j);
``(ii) $453,100,000 for fiscal year 2028, 
of which $10,100,000 is to carry out section 
5310(j);
``(iii) $459,000,000 for fiscal year 2029, 
of which $10,200,000 is to carry out section 
5310(j);
``(iv) $465,000,000 for fiscal year 2030, 
of which $10,300,000 is to carry out section 
5310(j); and
``(v) $471,000,000 for fiscal year 2031, of 
which $10,400,000 is to carry out section 
5310(j).
``(D) Rural area grants.--To carry out section 
5311--
``(i) $1,007,622,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $1,023,742,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $1,040,122,000 for fiscal year 
2029;
``(iv) $1,056,764,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $1,073,672,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(E) Public transportation innovation.--To carry 
out section 5312--
``(i) $45,240,000 for fiscal year 2027, of 
which--
``(I) $5,000,000 to carry out 
section 5312(h); and
``(II) $7,371,000 to carry out 
section 5312(i);
``(ii) $45,960,000 for fiscal year 2028, of 
which--
``(I) $4,000,000 to carry out 
section 5312(h); and
``(II) $7,489,000 to carry out 
section 5312(i);
``(iii) $46,700,000 for fiscal year 2029, 
of which--
``(I) $3,000,000 to carry out 
section 5312(h); and
``(II) $7,609,000 to carry out 
section 5312(i);
``(iv) $47,440,000 for fiscal year 2030, of 
which--
``(I) $2,000,000 to carry out 
section 5312(h); and
``(II) $7,731,000 to carry out 
section 5312(i); and
``(v) $48,200,000 for fiscal year 2031, of 
which--
``(I) $0 to carry out section 
5312(h); and
``(II) $7,854,000 to carry out 
section 5312(i).
``(F) Technical assistance and workforce 
development.--To carry out section 5314--
``(i) $20,499,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $20,806,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $21,118,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(iv) $21,434,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $21,756,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(G) Bus testing facility.--To carry out section 
5318--
``(i) $7,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $7,105,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $7,212,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(iv) $7,320,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
``(v) $7,430,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(H) Emergency relief program.--To carry out 
section 5324--
``(i) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(iv) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(I) Administrative expenses.--To carry out 
section 5334--
``(i) $132,700,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $135,400,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $138,100,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(iv) $140,800,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $143,600,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(J) National transit database.--To carry out 
section 5335--
``(i) $6,235,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $6,335,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $6,436,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(iv) $6,539,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
``(v) $6,644,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(K) State of good repair grants.--To carry out 
section 5337--
``(i) $4,640,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $4,645,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $4,650,000,000 for fiscal year 
2029;
``(iv) $4,655,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $4,660,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(L) Grants for buses, bus facilities, and 
ferries.--To carry out section 5339 (except subsection 
(d))--
``(i) $1,695,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $1,863,710,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $2,014,891,000 for fiscal year 
2029;
``(iv) $2,149,550,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $2,295,508,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(M) Growing states and high density states.--To 
carry out section 5340--
``(i) $873,000,000 for fiscal year 2027, of 
which--
``(I) $445,230,000 to carry out 
section 5340(b); and
``(II) $427,770,000 to carry out 
section 5340(c);
``(ii) $883,100,000 for fiscal year 2028, 
of which--
``(I) $450,381,000 to carry out 
section 5340(b); and
``(II) $432,719,000 to carry out 
section 5340(c);
``(iii) $893,300,000 for fiscal year 2029, 
of which--
``(I) $455,583,000 to carry out 
section 5340(b); and
``(II) $437,717,000 to carry out 
section 5340(c);
``(iv) $903,600,000 for fiscal year 2030, 
of which--
``(I) $460,836,000 to carry out 
section 5340(b); and
``(II) $442,764,000 to carry out 
section 5340(c); and
``(v) $914,100,000 for fiscal year 2031, of 
which--
``(I) $466,191,000 to carry out 
section 5340(b); and
``(II) $447,909,000 to carry out 
section 5340(c).
``(b) Capital Investment Grants.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out section 5309 of this title--
``(1) $3,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(2) $3,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(3) $3,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(4) $3,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
``(5) $3,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(c) Oversight.--
``(1) In general.--Of the amounts made available under 
subsection (a)(1) to carry out a financial assistance program 
or a grant program referenced in subsection (a)(2) for a fiscal 
year, the Secretary may use not more than 0.7 percent of such 
amounts in such fiscal year to conduct oversight activities for 
each respective program, section 5308, and section 5329, 
including the activities described in paragraph (3).
``(2) Additional oversight.--
``(A) CIG program.--Of the amount made available 
under subsection (b) for a fiscal year, the Secretary 
may use not more than 1 percent of such amount in such 
fiscal year to conduct oversight activities for the 
fixed guideway capital investment grants program, 
including activities described in paragraph (3).
``(B) Other.--Of the amounts made available under 
section 601(f) of the Passenger Rail Investment and 
Improvement Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-432; 122 Stat. 
4970), the Secretary may use not more than 1 percent in 
a given fiscal year to conduct oversight activities, 
including the activities described in paragraph (3).
``(3) Activities.--The activities described in this 
paragraph are as follows:
``(A) Activities to oversee the construction of a 
major capital project.
``(B) Activities to review and audit the safety and 
security, procurement, management, and financial 
compliance of a recipient or subrecipient of funds 
under this chapter.
``(C) Activities to provide technical assistance 
generally, and to provide technical assistance to 
correct deficiencies identified in compliance reviews 
and audits carried out under this section.
``(D) Activities to carry out section 5334.
``(4) Government share of costs.--The Government shall pay 
the entire cost of carrying out a contract under this 
subsection.
``(5) Availability of certain funds.--Funds made available 
under paragraph (2) to conduct oversight activities related to 
the fixed guideway capital investment grants program shall be 
made available to the Secretary before allocating the funds 
appropriated to carry out any project under a full funding 
grant agreement.
``(d) Grants as Contractual Obligations.--
``(1) Grants financed from highway trust fund.--A grant or 
contract that is approved by the Secretary and financed with 
amounts made available from the Mass Transit Account of the 
Highway Trust Fund pursuant to this section is a contractual 
obligation of the Government to pay the Government share of the 
cost of the project.
``(2) Grants financed from general fund.--A grant or 
contract that is approved by the Secretary and financed with 
amounts appropriated in advance from the General Fund of the 
Treasury pursuant to this section is a contractual obligation 
of the Government to pay the Government share of the cost of 
the project only to the extent that amounts are appropriated 
for such purpose by an Act of Congress.
``(e) Availability of Amounts.--Amounts made available by or 
appropriated under this section shall remain available until 
expended.''.

SEC. 3024. GRANTS FOR BUSES, BUS FACILITIES, AND FERRIES.

(a) In General.--Section 5339 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended--
(1) in the section heading by striking ``and bus 
facilities'' and inserting ``, bus facilities, and ferries'';
(2) in subsection (a)--
(A) by striking paragraph (1);
(B) in paragraph (2) by striking ``paragraph 
(4)(A)'' and inserting ``paragraph (3)(A)'';
(C) in paragraph (4)--
(i) in subparagraph (A) by striking the 
heading and inserting ``In general''; and
(ii) in subparagraph (B)--
(I) by striking ``A recipient'' and 
inserting ``An eligible recipient''; 
and
(II) by striking ``public 
agencies'' and inserting ``local 
governmental authorities, public 
agencies,'';
(D) in paragraph (5)--
(i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) by striking ``under section'' and all that 
follows through ``shall be'' and inserting 
``under section 5338(a)(2)(L) shall be'';
(ii) in subparagraph (A)--
(I) by striking ``$206,000,000'' 
and inserting ``$336,000,000''; and
(II) by striking ``to all States'' 
and all that follows through the period 
and inserting ``equally to each 
State.''; and
(iii) by striking subparagraph (B) and 
inserting the following:
``(B) Distribution of remaining funds.--The 
remainder of the funds not otherwise distributed under 
subparagraph (A) shall be allocated in the following 
manner:
``(i) 62 percent shall be apportioned 
pursuant to subparagraph (C).
``(ii) 38 percent shall be distributed by 
the Secretary in accordance with subsection 
(b).
``(C) Formulas.--Of amounts allocated under 
subparagraph (B)(i)--
``(i) 50 percent shall be allocated for use 
in urbanized areas pursuant to the formula set 
forth in section 5336(c)(1)(A);
``(ii) 30 percent shall be allocated for 
use in urbanized areas pursuant to the formula 
set forth in section 5336(c)(1)(B);
``(iii) 15 percent shall be allocated for 
use in urbanized areas pursuant to the formula 
set forth in section 5336(a)(1); and
``(iv) 5 percent shall be allocated for use 
in rural areas pursuant to the formula set 
forth in section 5311(c)(5).'';
(E) in paragraph (6)--
(i) in subparagraph (A)--
(I) by striking ``(A) transfer 
flexibility for national distribution 
funds.--''; and
(II) by striking ``paragraph 
(5)(A)'' and inserting ``paragraph 
(4)(A)''; and
(ii) by striking subparagraph (B);
(F) in paragraph (8)--
(i) by striking ``3 fiscal years'' and 
inserting ``5 fiscal years''; and
(ii) by striking ``3-fiscal-year'' and 
inserting ``5-fiscal-year'';
(G) by striking paragraph (9);
(H) in paragraph (10)--
(i) in subparagraph (A)--
(I) by striking ``(A) in general.--
''; and
(II) by striking ``; Public Law 
114-94''; and
(ii) by striking subparagraph (B);
(I) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (8), as 
amended, as paragraphs (1) through (7), respectively;
(J) by redesignating paragraph (10) as paragraph 
(8); and
(K) by adding at the end the following:
``(9) Special rule for territories.--
``(A) In general.--A territory may use amounts 
received pursuant to subsection (a)(4)(A) for any 
purpose eligible under section 5311 as such purpose 
relates to the provision of passenger ferry service, 
including the acquisition of a vessel to provide such 
ferry service.
``(B) Territory defined.--In this paragraph, the 
term `territory' means any of the following territories 
of the United States:
``(i) American Samoa.
``(ii) The Commonwealth of the Northern 
Mariana Islands.
``(iii) Guam.
``(iv) The United States Virgin Islands.'';
(3) in subsection (b)--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) by striking ``The Secretary'' and 
inserting ``Subject to the availability of 
funds, the Secretary'';
(ii) by striking ``under this subsection'' 
and inserting ``on a competitive basis'';
(iii) by striking ``subsection (a)(4)'' and 
inserting ``subsection (a)(3)'';
(iv) by striking ``buses and bus facilities 
capital projects, including''; and
(v) by striking subparagraphs (A) and (B) 
and inserting the following:
``(A) buses and bus facilities capital projects, 
including--
``(i) replacing, rehabilitating, 
purchasing, or leasing buses or related 
equipment; and
``(ii) rehabilitating, purchasing, 
constructing, or leasing bus-related 
facilities; and
``(B) eligible projects.'';
(B) by striking paragraph (2);
(C) in paragraph (3)--
(i) by inserting ``(A) in general.--'' 
before ``A State'';
(ii) by inserting ``for a grant described 
in paragraph (1)'' before ``on behalf of''; and
(iii) by striking ``The submission of a 
statewide application'' and all that follows 
through the period at the end and inserting the 
following:
``(B) Savings clause.--The submission by a State of 
an application under subparagraph (A) shall not 
preclude the Secretary from considering any application 
submitted by an eligible recipient (as described in 
subsection (a)(3)) in an urbanized area of such 
State.'';
(D) in paragraph (4)--
(i) in subparagraph (A)--
(I) by inserting ``publicly'' 
before ``disclose''; and
(II) by striking ``availability in 
the Federal Register'' and inserting 
``opportunity''; and
(ii) in subparagraph (B)--
(I) by inserting ``publicly 
available'' before ``summary''; and
(II) by striking ``in the Federal 
Register'';
(E) in paragraph (5)(A) by inserting ``for grants'' 
before ``under this subsection'';
(F) in paragraph (6)--
(i) in subparagraph (B)--
(I) by striking ``The Government'' 
and inserting ``Except as provided in 
section 5323(i), the Government''; and
(II) by striking ``an eligible 
project'' and inserting ``a project''; 
and
(ii) by adding at the end the following new 
subparagraph:
``(C) Non-federal share.--The non-Federal share of 
the cost of a project carried out using a grant under 
this subsection may be derived from in-kind 
contributions.'';
(G) in paragraph (8) by inserting ``for grants'' 
before ``under this subsection'';
(H) in paragraph (9)(A) by striking ``eligible'';
(I) in paragraph (10) by striking ``and subsection 
(c)'';
(J) in paragraph (11)--
(i) in subparagraph (A)--
(I) by striking ``(A) in general.--
''; and
(II) by striking ``; Public Law 
114-94''; and
(ii) by striking subparagraph (B); and
(K) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (11) as 
paragraphs (2) through (10), respectively;
(4) in subsection (c)--
(A) by striking paragraph (2);
(B) in paragraph (3)--
(i) in subparagraph (C)--
(I) in clause (i) by striking ``An 
eligible project'' and inserting ``A 
project'' ; and
(II) in clause (ii)--
(aa) by striking 
``subparagraph'' and inserting 
``paragraph''; and
(bb) by striking 
``paragraph (7)'' and inserting 
``paragraph (5)'';
(ii) by transferring and redesignating 
subparagraph (C), as amended, to appear as 
subsection (b)(11) (and redesignating clauses 
(i) and (ii) of subsection (b)(11), as so 
transferred and redesignating, as subparagraphs 
(A) and (B), respectively);
(iii) in subparagraph (D) by striking ``or 
under subsection (b) for projects'' and 
inserting ``for eligible projects''; and
(iv) by transferring and redesignating 
subparagraph (D), as amended, to appear as 
subsection (b)(12) (and redesignating clauses 
(i) through (vi) of subsection (b)(12), as so 
transferred and redesignated, as subparagraphs 
(A) through (F), respectively);
(C) by striking paragraph (3), as amended;
(D) by striking paragraph (4);
(E) in paragraph (5)--
(i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) by inserting ``shall'' after ``Secretary'';
(ii) in subparagraph (A)--
(I) by striking ``shall consider'' 
and inserting ``for eligible projects 
described in paragraph (1)(B), give 
consideration to''; and
(II) by striking ``; and'' and 
inserting a period;
(iii) by striking subparagraph (B);
(iv) by redesignating subparagraph (A) as 
subparagraph (B); and
(v) by inserting before subparagraph (B), 
as so redesignated, the following new 
subparagraph:
``(A) for projects described under paragraph 
(1)(A), consider the age and condition of buses, bus 
fleets, related equipment, and bus-related facilities; 
and'';
(F) by transferring and redesignating paragraph 
(5), as amended, to appear as subsection (b)(13);
(G) by striking paragraphs (6) through (8);
(H) by striking the subsection heading and 
inserting ``Definitions.--In this section:''; and
(I) in paragraph (1)--
(i) by striking the enumerator and all that 
follows through ``In this subsection--'';
(ii) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``in 
an eligible area'';
(iii) in subparagraph (E)(ii) by striking 
the semicolon and inserting ``; and'';
(iv) by striking subparagraph (F); and
(v) by redesignating--
(I) subparagraph (A) as paragraph 
(1);
(II) subparagraph (B), as amended, 
as paragraph (2) (and redesignating 
clauses (i) through (vii) of paragraph 
(2), as so redesignated, as 
subparagraphs (A) through (G), 
respectively);
(III) subparagraphs (C) and (D) as 
paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively;
(IV) subparagraph (E), as amended, 
as paragraph (5) (and redesignating 
clauses (i) and (ii) of paragraph (5), 
as so redesignated, as subparagraphs 
(A) and (B), respectively); and
(V) subparagraph (G) as paragraph 
(6);
(5) in subsection (d)--
(A) by striking ``(as defined in subsection (c)(1)) 
or related infrastructure under subsection (b) or (c)'' 
and inserting ``(as defined in subsection (e)) or 
related infrastructure under subsection (b)'';
(B) by striking ``as described in section 
5314(b)(2) (including'' and inserting ``, including'';
(C) by striking ``programs)'' and inserting 
``programs,''; and
(D) by striking ``subsection (c)(3)(D)'' and 
inserting ``subsection (b)(12)'';
(6) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (e);
(7) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (c); and
(8) by inserting after subsection (c) the following:
``(d) Competitive Passenger Ferry Grants.--
``(1) In general.--The Secretary may make grants under this 
subsection to assist designated recipients, States, and local 
governmental entities in financing passenger ferry projects as 
such projects relate to capital projects to purchase, replace, 
or rehabilitate passenger ferries, terminals, and related 
facilities and equipment.
``(2) Amounts available.--For purposes of carrying out 
paragraph (1)--
``(A) $125,000,000 is made available each fiscal 
year pursuant to section 5336(h)(1) for recipients of--
``(i) grants made in urbanized areas; and
``(ii) grants made in areas that are 
determined by the Secretary to serve rural and 
urbanized areas; and
``(B) $25,000,000 is made available each fiscal 
year pursuant to section 5311(c)(1)(D) for recipients 
of grants in rural and insular areas.
``(3) Grant requirements.--
``(A) In general.--A grant under this subsection 
shall be subject to the requirements of--
``(i) section 5307 for recipients of grants 
described in paragraph (2)(A); and
``(ii) section 5311 for recipients of 
grants described in paragraph (2)(B).
``(B) Federal share of costs.--Except as otherwise 
provided under this chapter, the Federal share of the 
cost of a project carried out under this subsection 
shall not exceed 80 percent.
``(4) Award period.--An amount made available to an 
applicant to carry out a project under this subsection--
``(A) shall remain available for 3 fiscal years 
after the fiscal year for which the amount is made 
available; and
``(B) that remain unobligated at the end of the 
period described in subparagraph (A) shall be recouped 
by the Secretary to remain available for future 
applicants.
``(5) Limitations.--
``(A) Maximum award amount.--Of the amounts made 
available under paragraphs (2)(A) and (2)(B), not more 
than 10 percent may be awarded to a single applicant.
``(B) Applicants in certain areas.--An applicant 
for an award in an area described under paragraph 
(2)(A)(ii) may not compete for amounts made available 
to an area referenced in paragraph (2)(B) unless the 
project for which the application is made serves solely 
rural areas).
``(6) Competitive process.--The Secretary shall--
``(A) not later than 90 days after the date on 
which amounts are made available for obligation under 
this subsection for a full fiscal year, solicit grant 
applications for projects on a competitive basis;
``(B) award a grant under this subsection based on 
the solicitation under subparagraph (A) not later than 
the earlier of--
``(i) 75 days after the date on which the 
solicitation expires; or
``(ii) the end of the fiscal year in which 
the Secretary solicited the grant applications, 
and
``(C) if insufficient eligible applications are 
received for projects in areas referenced in paragraph 
(2), the Secretary shall reapportion any remaining 
amounts of--
``(i) the amounts described in paragraph 
(2)(A) to designated recipients under the 
urbanized area formula program in section 5336 
in the following fiscal year; and
``(ii) the amounts described in paragraph 
(2)(B) to States under section 5311 in the 
following fiscal year.
``(7) Required disclosure.--The Secretary shall--
``(A) publicly disclose all metrics and evaluation 
procedures to be used in considering grant applications 
under this subsection upon issuance of the notice of 
funding opportunity; and
``(B) publish a publicly available summary of final 
scores for selected projects, metrics, and other 
evaluations used in awarding grants under this 
subsection.
``(8) Rural set-aside for new ferry service.--Of the 
amounts made available for rural and insular areas under 
paragraph (2)(B), the Secretary may award not less than 10 
percent of such amount for projects to establish passenger 
ferry service in rural areas and insular areas, unless the 
Secretary does not receive enough qualified applications for 
such projects.''.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 53 of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 
5339 and inserting the following:

``5339. Grants for buses, bus facilities, and ferries.''.

SEC. 3025. APPORTIONMENTS BASED ON GROWING STATES AND HIGH DENSITY 
STATES FORMULA FACTORS.

Section 5340 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) by striking subsection (a);
(2) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) as 
subsections (a) through (c), respectively;
(3) in subsection (a), as so redesignated, by striking 
``section 5338(b)(2)(N)'' and all that follows through the 
period at the end and inserting ``section 5338(a)(2)(M) in 
accordance with subsections (b) and (c).'';
(4) in subsection (b), as so redesignated, by striking 
``subsection (b)(1)'' and inserting ``subsection (a)''; and
(5) in subsection (c), as so redesignated, by striking 
``subsection (b)(2)'' and inserting ``subsection (a)''.

Subtitle B--Miscellaneous

SEC. 3101. DEFINITIONS.

In this title:
(1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
(A) the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representations; and
(B) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
Affairs of the Senate.
(2) Transit agency.--The term ``transit agency'' means an 
operator of a public transportation system that is a recipient 
of Federal financial assistance under chapter 53 of title 49, 
United States Code.

SEC. 3102. PROTECTING BUS OPERATORS FROM RISK OF ASSAULT.

(a) Bus Driver Safety Working Group.--
(1) Establishment.--Not later than 60 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a 
working group (in this section referred to as the ``Working 
Group'') to review--
(A) transit bus design and safety standards; and
(B) transit agency practices and protocols relating 
to the retrofitting and procurement of transit buses 
with workstation barriers to protect operators from the 
risk of assault on a transit worker.
(2) Membership.--The Secretary shall appoint a Chair and 
members of the Working Group, which shall be comprised of at 
least 1 representative from the constituencies of--
(A) transit bus manufacturers, including original 
equipment manufacturers;
(B) rural transit agencies;
(C) urban transit agencies;
(D) transit bus workers;
(E) transit bus maintenance technicians;
(F) labor unions representing transit workers; and
(G) other stakeholders the Secretary determines 
appropriate.
(3) Duties and recommendations.--The Working Group shall--
(A) evaluate workstation barrier designs, including 
factors relating to--
(i) the airflow and ventilation of fully 
enclosed workstation barrier designs;
(ii) the development, certification, 
testing, manufacturing, installation, and 
training associated with various designs of 
such barriers;
(iii) the safe egress of operators and 
passengers in the event of an emergency;
(iv) the accessibility of workstation areas 
for operators with disabilities when such 
barriers are installed;
(v) the cost of procuring and installing 
various designs of such barriers--
(I) on newly manufactured vehicles; 
and
(II) to retrofit existing vehicles; 
and
(vi) any other workstation barrier design 
factors the Secretary determines appropriate;
(B) solicit feedback and insights from transit 
agencies and operators that use or are testing 
workstation barriers to mitigate assault on a transit 
worker, including transit agencies that have 
retrofitted existing vehicles with workstation 
barriers;
(C) assess a random sample of safety management 
systems required pursuant to part 673 of title 49, Code 
of Federal Regulations, and developed by transit 
agencies of various sizes, to determine the efficacy of 
such systems in successfully identifying the risk of 
assault on a transit worker and applying mitigations, 
including workstation barrier vehicle retrofits, to 
reduce the likelihood and severity of occurrences of 
such assault;
(D) review and assess other optional physical 
features of transit buses, including television 
monitors in the passenger area of the bus that displays 
the security monitor feed of such area, to determine 
whether such features improve transit worker or 
passenger safety;
(E) evaluate the cost, feasibility, and safety 
benefits associated with requiring the installation of 
workstation barriers on fixed route transit buses less 
than 30 feet in length; and
(F) make recommendations to the Secretary on 
requiring--
(i) the Secretary to develop performance 
specifications, in addition to the 
specifications referenced in subsection (b)(1), 
for driver workstation barriers installed on 
fixed route transit buses 30 feet or more in 
length to protect operators from the risk of 
assault on a transit worker; and
(ii) as appropriate, transit agencies to 
retrofit vehicles in revenue service with 
workstation barriers to protect transit bus 
operators from such risk.
(4) Reports to congress.--
(A) Working group findings.--Not later than 12 
months after the Working Group is established, the 
Chair of such group shall submit to the appropriate 
committees of Congress a report--
(i) detailing all findings and 
recommendations of the Working Group; and
(ii) summarizing any dissenting positions 
of individual Working Group members, if 
applicable, on the final findings and 
recommendations issued by such group.
(B) DOT response.--Not later than 3 months after 
the date on which the Chair submits the report under 
subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall transmit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress the position of the 
Administration with regards to each of the 
recommendations in such report, including the rationale 
for disagreement, if applicable.
(5) Support.--The Secretary shall seek to enter into the 
appropriate arrangements with the National Academies to support 
the activities of the Working Group.
(b) Bus Operator Safety and Security Requirement.--
(1) In general.--Beginning 2 years after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the operator workstation of a newly 
manufactured fixed route transit bus which is 30 feet or more 
in length and purchased with Federal funds by a recipient of 
assistance under chapter 53 of title 49, United States Code, 
shall be equipped with a workstation barrier that, at a 
minimum--
(A) reaches from the bus floor to the bus ceiling;
(B) is capable of fully enclosing the operator 
workstation and preventing the unwanted entry of 
unauthorized persons, fluids, and objects into the 
workstation; and
(C) does not impede the lines of sight of the 
operator from the workstation to the exterior of the 
bus.
(2) Policy guidance.--Not later than 2 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall issue policy 
guidance requiring the installation of workstation barriers to 
protect operators from the risk of assault on such transit 
buses in accordance with the requirement under paragraph (1), 
and in doing so, to the extent practicable, take into 
consideration the findings and recommendations of the Working 
Group under subsection (a)(3)(F).
(3) Updates.--The Secretary may update the guidance 
required under this subsection as determined necessary to 
protect operators from the risk of such assault.
(c) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) Assault on a transit worker.--The term ``assault on a 
transit worker'' has the meaning given such term in section 
5302 of title 49, United States Code.
(2) Workstation barrier.--The term ``workstation barrier'' 
means a physical barrier that separates a transit operator 
workstation area from the passenger area on a public 
transportation vehicle.

SEC. 3103. SPARE RATIO MODIFICATION.

(a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the 
Secretary may not issue policy, regulations, or guidance setting a 
transit vehicle spare ratio.
(b) Rule of Construction.--Subsection (a) shall not be construed by 
the Secretary to--
(1) prohibit a transit agency applying for assistance under 
such chapter from providing a justification for the acquisition 
of new rolling stock at the time of an award application; or
(2) preclude a transit agency from using Federal 
assistance, as applicable, to acquire a reasonable number of 
spare vehicles based on the operational needs of such transit 
agency.
(c) Deadline.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall update Federal Transit Administration 
Circular 5010.1F titled ``Award Management Requirements'' (or any 
successor document), and any related circulars, policy, and guidance to 
conform with the requirements of this section.

SEC. 3104. SPECIAL RULE FOR CERTAIN TRANSPORTATION SERVICES.

(a) In General.--Solely for purposes of administering part 655 of 
title 49, Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor regulation), 
the Secretary may not consider a driver for a transportation network 
company or a taxicab service to be a covered individual, unless a 
recipient that is a contractee of such transportation network company 
or taxicab service fails to--
(1) make available to a customer for each ride more than 1 
company providing transportation services, including by a 
transportation network company, a taxicab service, or a 
provider of public transportation; and
(2) provide a written or verbal explanation to the customer 
on the differences between the alcohol and controlled 
substances testing requirements, as applicable, for drivers of 
each company providing transportation services, including 
providers of public transportation, made available to the 
customer.
(b) Limitation on Transportation Services Provided Under Special 
Rule.--A recipient of financial assistance under section 5307, 5308, 
5309, or 5311 of title 49, United States Code, that enters into an 
agreement with a transportation network company or a taxicab service to 
provide transportation services described in subsection (a) shall 
ensure that such transportation services solely serve to supplement, 
not supplant, fixed route or route-based public transportation provided 
by the recipient.
(c) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) Covered individual.--The term ``covered individual'' 
means--
(A) an employee of a recipient receiving financial 
assistance described in section 5331(b) of title 49, 
United States Code; and
(B) a contractor of a recipient of financial 
assistance under section 5307, 5308, 5309, or 5311 of 
such title.
(2) Public transportation.--The term ``public 
transportation'' has the meaning given such term in section 
5302 of title 49, United States Code.
(3) Taxicab service.--The term ``taxicab service'' has the 
meaning given the term in section 13102 of title 49, United 
States Code.
(4) Transportation network company.--The term 
``transportation network company'' means a corporation, 
partnership, sole proprietorship, or other entity that uses a 
digital network to connect individuals to drivers for 
prearranged transportation services, as defined under 
applicable State or local law.

SEC. 3105. INNOVATIVE PROCUREMENT.

(a) In General.--Section 3019 of the FAST Act (49 U.S.C. 5325 note) 
is amended--
(1) by inserting ``or local'' before ``government'' each 
place it appears;
(2) by striking ``and related equipment'' each place it 
appears and inserting ``, rolling stock related equipment, and 
any other goods, technologies, or software services'';
(3) in subsection (b)(2) in the paragraph heading by 
inserting ``or local government'' before ``cooperative 
procurement''; and
(4) in subsection (c) by striking paragraph (5).
(b) Updates.--The Secretary shall update applicable policy, 
guidance, and regulations, as necessary, to implement the amendments 
made by this section.

SEC. 3106. TRANSIT AWARD MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT.

Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary shall, to the greatest extent practicable, ensure that the 
transit award management system, as it is used by the Federal Transit 
Administration to ensure that financial assistance specified in section 
5333(b) of title 49, United States Code, complies with the requirements 
of such section, notifies only persons and entities affected by the 
relevant financial assistance specified in such section.

SEC. 3107. PUBLIC TRANSIT FIRST AID AND EMERGENCY MEDICAL KIT EQUIPMENT 
AND TRAINING.

(a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall convene a transportation rulemaking 
committee, and designate such committee pursuant to section 102(k) of 
title 49, United States Code, to review and develop findings and 
recommendations relating to whether or not covered recipients should 
equip covered public transportation vehicles and public transportation 
stations with first aid kits and emergency medical kits.
(b) Membership.--The transportation rulemaking committee convened 
under subsection (a) shall consist of members appointed by the 
Secretary, including representatives of--
(1) rolling stock manufacturers, including original 
equipment manufacturers;
(2) rural transit agencies;
(3) urban transit agencies;
(4) transit workers;
(5) labor unions representing transit workers;
(6) licensed physicians; and
(7) other stakeholders the Secretary determines 
appropriate.
(c) Considerations.--The transportation rulemaking committee 
convened under subsection (a) shall consider--
(1) the benefits and costs (including the costs of route 
diversions and emergency stoppages) of requiring covered public 
transportation vehicles and public transportation stations to 
be equipped with--
(A) basic first aid kits; and
(B) medications or equipment necessary to be 
included in emergency medical kits;
(2) whether the contents of the emergency medical kit 
should include, at a minimum, appropriate medications and 
equipment that can practicably be administered to address--
(A) the emergency medical needs of children and 
pregnant women;
(B) opioid overdose;
(C) anaphylaxis; and
(D) cardiac arrest;
(3) what contents of the emergency medical kits should be 
readily available, to the extent practicable, for use by public 
transportation operators or the general public without prior 
approval by a medical professional;
(4) training requirements, including recurring training, 
for frontline employees of public transportation agencies 
regarding use of first aid kits and emergency medical kits; and
(5) the storage location of first aid kits and emergency 
medical kits on board covered public transportation vehicles 
and at public transportation stations.
(d) Report to Congress.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 12 months after the date on 
which the rulemaking committee described in subsection (a) is 
convened, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate 
committees of Congress a report based on the findings of such 
rulemaking committee.
(2) Contents.--The Secretary shall include in the report 
required under paragraph (1)--
(A) any findings or recommendations submitted by 
the transportation rulemaking committee convened under 
subsection (a) to the Secretary;
(B) if applicable, any dissenting positions of 
individual representatives of such rulemaking committee 
on the findings or recommendations described in 
subparagraph (A) and the rationale for each dissenting 
position; and
(C) any actions the Secretary intends to initiate, 
if necessary, as a result of such findings and 
recommendations.
(e) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) Covered public transportation vehicle.--The term 
``covered public transportation vehicle'' means rolling stock 
used in revenue service by a covered recipient.
(2) Covered recipient.--The term ``covered recipient'' 
means a public transit agency required to establish a 
comprehensive agency safety plan in accordance with section 
5329(d) of title 49, United States Code.

SEC. 3108. IMPROVING TRANSPARENCY IN CERTAIN URBANIZED AREAS.

(a) Rationale Required.--
(1) In general.--The Secretary shall require a designated 
recipient of financial assistance provided under section 5307, 
5310, 5337, or 5339 of title 49, United States Code, to provide 
a letter detailing the rationale for the split allocation 
amount determined for each direct recipient in an urbanized 
area with a population of at least 200,000 individuals, as 
determined by the Bureau of the Census, if--
(A) a formula other than the Federal apportionment 
formula set forth in section 5336 of such title, 
including a modified version of the Federal 
apportionment formula, is used by the designated 
recipient to suballocate the total apportionment amount 
for the relevant urbanized area to each direct 
recipient for purposes of carrying out grants under 
such section 5307; or
(B) population data other than data published by 
the Bureau of the Census is used to suballocate the 
total apportionment amount for the relevant urbanized 
area to each direct recipient for purposes of carrying 
out grants under section 5307.
(2) Failure to provide rationale.--The Secretary may 
withhold funds made available to a designated recipient for 
grants described in section 5307 of title 49, United States 
Code, if such recipient fails to provide a letter detailing the 
rationale for the split allocation amounts pursuant to 
paragraph (1).
(3) Term of applicability.--A letter of rationale under 
this subsection shall be updated not later than 30 days after a 
change is made to a split allocation process.
(4) Savings clause.--Solely for purposes of withholding 
funds under paragraph (2), the Secretary may not withhold such 
funds to a designated recipient that submits a letter of 
rationale under this subsection.
(b) Publication of Split Letters.--The Secretary shall publish on 
the website of the Federal Transit Administration each split letter 
received from a designated recipient of financial assistance provided 
under section 5307, 5310, 5337, or 5339 of title 49, United States 
Code, for each fiscal year in which Federal assistance is apportioned 
pursuant to such sections.
(c) Designated Recipient.--In this section, the term ``designated 
recipient'' has the meaning given that term in section 5302 of title 
49, United States Code.

SEC. 3109. EXTENSION OF CAPITAL AND PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE GRANTS TO 
WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA TRANSIT AUTHORITY.

Section 601(f) of the Passenger Rail Investment and Improvement Act 
of 2008 (Public Law 110-432) is amended by striking ``2030'' and 
inserting ``2031''.

SEC. 3110. GAO ASSESSMENT OF PROJECT CONTINGENCY AMOUNTS.

(a) In General.--For the period beginning on the date of enactment 
of this Act and ending on September 30, 2031, the Comptroller General 
shall include with each report required under section 5309(o)(2)(B) of 
title 49, United States Code, an assessment by the Comptroller General 
of--
(1) the project contingency amounts determined to be 
reasonable by the Secretary under section 5309(f)(1)(A) of 
title 49, United States Code, with respect to each project for 
which funds were awarded under section 5309 of such title 
during the 3-year period immediately preceding the report; and
(2) the relationship between each such project contingency 
amount and--
(A) the total capital cost of the corresponding 
project; and
(B) the capital investment grant program 
requirements applicable to such project, including 
whether such project is a core capacity project, a new 
start project, a streamlined start project, or an 
expedited delivery project.
(b) Solicitation of Feedback.--In carrying out an assessment under 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall solicit from relevant 
stakeholders feedback on project contingency amounts for projects for 
which funds were awarded under section 5309 of title 49, United States 
Code.

SEC. 3111. GAO REPORT ON UNIVERSAL DESIGN TO IMPROVE ACCESSIBILITY.

Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Comptroller General shall assess the extent to which transit 
agencies utilize universal design concepts in Federally funded capital 
projects and submit to Congress a report on the results of the 
assessment that includes--
(1) a review of applicable Federal Transit Administration 
policy guidance and best practices related to improving 
accessibility; and
(2) recommendations for any such legislative and 
administrative action as the Comptroller General determines 
appropriate to improve accessibility in public transportation.

SEC. 3112. GAO STUDY AND REPORT ON NATIONAL TRANSIT DATABASE DATA 
QUALITY.

(a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General shall initiate a study to evaluate 
the accuracy and consistency of data reported to the National Transit 
Database and assess the efficacy of current protocols for gathering and 
verifying reported data.
(b) Considerations.--In conducting the study required under 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall review--
(1) processes undertaken by transit agencies for purposes 
of collecting and reporting required data to the National 
Transit Database in accordance with section 5335 of title 49, 
United States Code, including an assessment of transit agency 
revenue reporting;
(2) the protocols of the Federal Transit Administration for 
gathering and verifying reported data, including automated 
validation checks and manual review procedures;
(3) transit agency compliance with National Transit 
Database reporting requirements;
(4) the impact of National Transit Database data quality 
on--
(A) public transit safety;
(B) Federal formula apportionments and competitive 
funding decisions, as applicable; and
(C) the decision-making of the Federal Transit 
Administration as such decision-making relates to award 
management and safety oversight;
(5) policies of the Federal Transit Administration that 
protect the personally identifiable information of persons 
involved in reportable security incidents; and
(6) for those public transportation systems studied, the 
community value of the public transportation services provided, 
including a review of service utilization rates and 
accessibility of the system for families and individuals with 
disabilities, including individuals who use wheelchairs.
(c) Consultation.--In conducting the study required under 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall consult with 
representatives of--
(1) the Federal Transit Administration;
(2) urban, rural, and Tribal transit agencies;
(3) labor unions representing transit workers; and
(4) any other relevant stakeholders as determined by 
Comptroller General.
(d) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate a 
report on the results of the study conducted under subsection (a) and 
any associated recommendations.

SEC. 3113. GAO STUDY ON TRANSIT SYSTEM RIDER SAFETY.

(a) In General.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General shall initiate a study to assess 
the efforts of the Federal Transit Administration to improve rider 
safety on federally-funded public transit systems, including efforts to 
prevent assaults, harassment, and other security threats to passengers 
and transit employees.
(b) Considerations.--In conducting the study required under 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall assess the following 
matters related to transit system safety:
(1) National data trends and insights into the causes, 
risks, and consequences of transit-related assaults.
(2) The primary Federal funding sources used for transit 
system safety and security improvements.
(3) The effectiveness of common risk reduction strategies 
to improve safety, including--
(A) de-escalation training, trauma-informed 
responses, and passenger safety protocols;
(B) vehicle design standards, including bus driver 
workstation barriers;
(C) transit rider education and awareness 
campaigns;
(D) bus stop design standards;
(E) the deployment of law enforcement officers or 
transit ambassadors; and
(F) partnerships with mental health professionals.
(4) The extent to which there are barriers to the 
implementation of safety improvements and challenges transit 
operators face in improving safety, which may include--
(A) limitations on eligible use of Federal 
assistance;
(B) transit agency financial constraints, including 
as a result of changes in Federal, State, and local 
assistance;
(C) the effectiveness of risk mitigation strategies 
that transit agencies have adopted;
(D) procurement barriers; and
(E) coordination between Federal agencies, local 
agencies, social service providers and local law 
enforcement agencies.
(c) Consultation.--In conducting the study required under 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall consult with--
(1) State transportation officials;
(2) academic experts in transportation safety, criminology, 
and public health; and
(3) representatives of--
(A) transit operators, including, as applicable, 
transit police or contracted security of such 
operators;
(B) transit riders; and
(C) urban, rural, and Tribal transit agencies.
(d) Report to Congress.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
the initiation of the study described under subsection (a), the 
Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate a report on the 
results of the study conducted under subsection (a).

SEC. 3114. GAO STUDY ON CIG DATA COLLECTION AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

(a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General shall initiate a study to assess 
the efficacy of data collection and analysis requirements under the 
capital investment grants program pursuant to subparagraphs (E) and (F) 
of section 5309(k)(2) of title 49, United States Code, and make 
recommendations to reduce the reporting burden on project sponsors.
(b) Considerations.--In conducting the study required under 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall assess the following 
matters related to the requirements under subparagraphs (E) and (F) of 
section 5309(k)(2) of such title:
(1) The typical cost of preparing an information collection 
and analysis plan, as required under section 5309(k)(2)(E) of 
such title.
(2) The extent to which preparing the plan described in 
paragraph (1) or the collection of data contributes to project 
delays.
(3) The extent to which project sponsors apply insights 
gained from the plan described in paragraph (1) to public 
transportation related activities other than activities carried 
out under the capital investment grants program.
(4) The extent to which the Federal Transit Administration 
utilizes data collected and submitted by a project sponsor in 
the plan referenced in paragraph (1) for purposes of--
(A) determining eligibility for a full funding 
grant agreement under the capital investment grants 
program; and
(B) assessing public transportation related 
activities other than activities carried out under the 
capital investment grants program.
(5) Any relevant policy guidance or circulars issued by the 
Federal Transit Administration.
(c) Recommendations.--In making the recommendations required under 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall consider the following:
(1) Opportunities to reduce data collection and reporting 
requirements pursuant to subparagraphs (E) and (F) of section 
5309(k)(2) of such title for project sponsors with a 
significant amount of local financial commitment.
(2) Criteria other than the amount of local financial 
commitment secured by a project sponsor that the Federal 
Transit Administration may use to apply reduced data collection 
and reporting requirements on project sponsors.
(3) The existence of any redundancies between the data 
collection and reporting requirements referenced in paragraph 
(1) and other Federal Transit Administration programs or data-
related reporting requirements imposed on recipients of 
assistance under chapter 53 of such title.
(d) Consultation.--In conducting the study required under 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall consult with--
(1) industry associations representing public 
transportation providers;
(2) transit agencies that completed a capital investment 
grants project in the last 10 years and fulfilled the 
requirements of subparagraphs (E) and (F) of section 5309(k)(2) 
of such title; and
(3) engineering or design firms that participated in 
delivering projects described in paragraph (2).
(e) Report to Congress.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
initiation of the study described under section (a), the Comptroller 
General shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
on the results of the study and recommendations under subsection (a).

SEC. 3115. GAO ASSESSMENT OF PARATRANSIT SOFTWARE AND TECHNOLOGIES.

(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall assess Americans 
with Disabilities Act compliant paratransit software and technologies 
procured with Federal funds and make recommendations to improve service 
efficiency, access, and quality of life for paratransit riders while 
protecting sensitive rider and system data from cybersecurity threats.
(b) Consultation.--In carrying out the assessment required under 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall consult the following:
(1) Paratransit riders.
(2) Organizations representing riders with disabilities, 
including individuals who use wheelchairs.
(3) Rural transit agencies.
(4) Urban transit agencies.
(5) The United States Access Board.
(6) Labor organizations representing frontline public 
transportation workers.
(7) Third-party providers of paratransit service.
(8) Paratransit technology manufacturers.
(9) For-hire transportation providers.
(10) Cybersecurity experts and standards bodies.
(11) Other stakeholders the Comptroller General determines 
appropriate.
(c) Considerations.--
(1) In general.--In carrying out the assessment under 
subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall consider the 
following:
(A) The extent to which paratransit software and 
digital interfaces provide effective access for riders 
with disabilities, including differing visual, 
auditory, cognitive, and physical needs.
(B) The cybersecurity of paratransit software and 
technologies, including--
(i) methods to ensure that paratransit 
software and data is protected from cyber-
attacks, and whether there are appropriate 
outcomes-based objectives for protecting the 
confidentiality, integrity, and availability of 
systems and data; and
(ii) whether existing cybersecurity 
frameworks and audit regimes (including SOC 2 
and ISO 27001, or successor standards) are used 
as potential references or models for minimum 
cybersecurity expectations.
(C) The technical capabilities of paratransit 
software and technologies, including--
(i) the role of application programming 
interfaces or related mechanisms in enabling 
integration of multiple service providers and 
supporting efficient movement of trips between 
providers;
(ii) how real-time route optimization and 
dynamic trip scheduling capabilities impact 
paratransit service; and
(iii) the ability of paratransit software 
to support digital booking interfaces that 
aggregate multiple providers.
(d) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date on which the 
assessment under subsection (a) is initiated, the Comptroller General 
shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
detailing the findings and recommendations required under subsection 
(a).

Subtitle C--Reorganization and Consolidation of Chapter 53

SEC. 3201. TRANSFER OF CERTAIN SECTIONS IN CHAPTER 53 OF TITLE 49, 
UNITED STATES CODE.

(a) Transfers to Section 5323.--
(1) Section 5306.--Section 5306 of title 49, United States 
Code, is transferred and redesignated to appear as section 
5323(y) and is amended--
(A) in subsection (b) by redesignating paragraphs 
(1) and (2) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively; 
and
(B) by redesignating subsections (a) and (b) as 
paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively.
(2) Section 5325.--Section 5325 of title 49, United States 
Code, is transferred and redesignated to appear as section 
5323(z) and is amended--
(A) in subsection (b)--
(i) in paragraph (2)--
(I) in the matter preceding 
subparagraph (A) by striking 
``paragraph (1)'' and inserting 
``subparagraph (A)'';
(II) in subparagraph (C) by 
striking ``subparagraph (B)'' and 
inserting ``clause (ii)'';
(III) in subparagraph (D)--
(aa) by striking 
``subparagraph (C)'' and 
inserting ``clause (iii)''; and
(bb) by striking ``this 
subparagraph'' and inserting 
``this clause''; and
(IV) by redesignating subparagraphs 
(A) through (D), as amended, as clauses 
(i) through (iv), respectively; and
(ii) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and 
(2) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively;
(B) in subsection (d)--
(i) in paragraph (1)--
(I) by striking ``subsection'' and 
inserting ``paragraph''; and
(II) by redesignating subparagraphs 
(A) and (B) as clauses (i) and (ii), 
respectively; and
(ii) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and 
(2), as amended, as subparagraphs (A) and (B);
(C) in subsection (e)--
(i) in paragraph (1) by redesignating 
subparagraphs (A) and (B) as clauses (i) and 
(ii), respectively;
(ii) in paragraph (2) by striking 
``subsection'' and inserting ``paragraph''; and
(iii) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and 
(2), as amended, as subparagraphs (A) and (B), 
respectively;
(D) in subsection (f)--
(i) in paragraph (1)--
(I) in subparagraph (A) by 
redesignating clauses (i) and (ii) as 
subclauses (I) and (II), respectively; 
and
(II) by redesignating subparagraphs 
(A) and (B) as clauses (i) and (ii), 
respectively;
(ii) in paragraph (2) by striking 
``paragraph (1)(B)'' and inserting 
``subparagraph (A)(ii)'';
(iii) in paragraph (3)--
(I) in the matter preceding 
subparagraph (A) by striking 
``subsection'' and inserting 
``paragraph'';
(II) in subparagraph (A)--
(aa) in clause (ii) by 
striking ``paragraph (1)(B)'' 
and inserting ``subparagraph 
(A)(ii)''; and
(bb) by redesignating 
clauses (i) and (ii), as 
amended, as subclauses (I) and 
(II), respectively;
(III) in subparagraph (B) by 
striking ``subparagraph (A)'' and 
inserting ``clause (i)''; and
(IV) by redesignating subparagraphs 
(A) and (B), as amended, as clauses (i) 
and (ii), respectively; and
(iv) by redesignating paragraphs (1) 
through (3), as amended, as subparagraphs (A) 
through (C), respectively;
(E) in subsection (j)--
(i) in paragraph (2)--
(I) by striking ``paragraph (1)'' 
and inserting ``subparagraph (A)''; and
(II) by redesignating subparagraphs 
(A) through (D) as clauses (i) through 
(iv), respectively; and
(ii) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and 
(2), as amended, as subparagraphs (A) and (B), 
respectively;
(F) in subsection (k) by striking ``subsection'' 
and inserting ``paragraph''; and
(G) by redesignating subsections (a) through (k), 
as amended, as paragraphs (1) through (11), 
respectively.
(3) Section 5327.--Section 5327 of title 49, United States 
Code, is transferred and redesignated to appear as section 
5323(aa) and is amended--
(A) in subsection (a) by redesignating paragraphs 
(1) through (13) as subparagraphs (A) through (M), 
respectively;
(B) in subsection (b) by redesignating paragraphs 
(1) and (2) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively;
(C) in subsection (d)--
(i) in paragraph (1) by redesignating 
subparagraphs (A) and (B) as clauses (i) and 
(ii), respectively;
(ii) in paragraph (2)--
(I) in subparagraph (B) by striking 
``subsection (b)'' and inserting 
``paragraph (2)''; and
(II) by redesignating subparagraphs 
(A) and (B), as amended, as clauses (i) 
and (ii), respectively;
(iii) in paragraph (3) by striking 
``paragraph (2)(B)'' and inserting 
``subparagraph (B)(ii)''; and
(iv) by redesignating paragraphs (1) 
through (3), as amended, as subparagraphs (A) 
through (C), respectively; and
(D) by redesignating subsections (a) through (d) as 
paragraphs (1) through (4), respectively.
(4) Section 5332.--Section 5332 of title 49, United States 
Code, is transferred and redesignated to appear as section 
5323(bb) and is amended--
(A) by striking ``subsection (b)'' in each place it 
occurs and inserting ``paragraph (2)'';
(B) by striking ``of this section'' in each place 
it occurs;
(C) in subsection (a) by striking ``section'' and 
inserting ``subsection'';
(D) in subsection (c) by redesignating paragraphs 
(1) and (2) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively;
(E) in subsection (d) by redesignating paragraphs 
(1) through (4) as subparagraphs (A) through (D), 
respectively;
(F) in subsection (e)--
(i) in paragraph (1) by striking 
``subsection (d)(2)'' and inserting ``paragraph 
(4)(B)''; and
(ii) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and 
(2) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively; 
and
(G) by redesignating subsections (a) through (f) as 
paragraphs (1) through (6), respectively.
(b) Section 5315 Transfer to Section 5334.--Section 5315 of title 
49, United States Code, is transferred and redesignated to appear as 
section 5334(l) and is amended--
(1) in subsection (a) by redesignating paragraphs (1) 
through (3) as subparagraphs (A) through (C), respectively;
(2) in subsection (b) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and 
(2) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively;
(3) in subsection (c) by redesignating paragraphs (1) 
through (3) as subparagraphs (A) through (C), respectively;
(4) in subsection (d) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and 
(2) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively; and
(5) by redesignating subsections (a) through (d) as 
paragraphs (1) through (4), respectively.

SEC. 3202. FRONT MATTER OF CHAPTER 53 OF TITLE 49, UNITED STATES CODE.

(a) Table of Sections.--Chapter 53 of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended by striking the table of sections in the front matter at the 
beginning and inserting the following:

``SUBCHAPTER I-GENERAL AUTHORITIES AND GRANT PROGRAMS

``Sec.
``5301. Purpose and declaration of policy.
``5302. Definitions.
``5303. Authorizations.
``5304. Apportionment of appropriations for urbanized area formula 
grants.
``5305. Administrative provisions.
``5306. General provisions.
``5307. Urbanized area formula grants.
``5308. Consolidated State block grant.
``5309. Fixed guideway capital investment grants.
``5310. Formula grants for the enhanced mobility of seniors and 
individuals with disabilities.
``5311. Formula grants for rural areas.
``5312. Public transportation innovation.
``5313. Planning programs.
``5314. Technical assistance and workforce development.
``5315. National transit database.
``5316. State of good repair grants.
``5317. Grants for buses, bus facilities, and ferries.
``5318. Bus testing facility.
``5319. Apportionments based on growing States and high density States 
formula factors.
``5320. Public transportation emergency relief programs.
``SUBCHAPTER II-PLANNING AND REQUIREMENTS

``5331. Metropolitan transportation planning.
``5332. Statewide and nonmetropolitan transportation planning.
``5333. Labor standards.
``SUBCHAPTER III-SAFETY

``5351. Crime prevention and security.
``5352. Public transportation safety program.
``5353. Alcohol and controlled substances testing.
``5354. Transit asset management.''.
(b) Redesignations and Transfers.--
(1) Requirement.--The sections of chapter 53 of title 49, 
United States Code, identified in the table provided in 
paragraph (2) are amended--
(A) by redesignating the sections as described in 
the table; and
(B) by transferring the sections, as necessary, so 
that the sections appear after the table of sections 
for chapter 53 of such title (as added by subsection 
(a)), in the order in which the sections are presented 
in the table.
(2) Table.--The table referred to in paragraph (1) is the 
following:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chapter 53 section Chapter 53 section
number before Section heading (provided for number after
redesignation identification purposes only) redesignation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5301 Purpose and declaration of 5301
policy.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5302 Definitions. 5302
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5338 Authorizations. 5303
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5336 Apportionment of 5304
appropriations for urbanized
area formula grants.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5334 Administrative provisions. 5305
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5323 General provisions. 5306
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5307 Urbanized area formula 5307
grants.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5308 Consolidated State block 5308
grant.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5309 Fixed guideway capital 5309
investment grants.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5310 Formula grants for the 5310
enhanced mobility of seniors
and individuals with
disabilities.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5311 Formula grants for rural 5311
areas.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5312 Public transportation 5312
innovation.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5305 Planning programs. 5313
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5314 Technical assistance and 5314
workforce development.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5335 National transit database. 5315
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5337 State of good repair grants. 5316
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5339 Grants for buses, bus 5317
facilities, and ferries.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5318 Bus testing facility. 5318
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5340 Apportionments based on 5319
growing States and high
density States formula
factors.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5324 Public transportation 5320
emergency relief program.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5303 Metropolitan transportation 5331
planning.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5304 Statewide and nonmetropolitan 5332
transportation planning.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5333 Labor standards. 5333
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5321 Crime prevention and 5351
security.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5329 Public transportation safety 5352
program.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5331 Alcohol and controlled 5353
substances testing.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5326 Transit asset management. 5354
------------------------------------------------------------------------

SEC. 3203. AMENDMENTS TO CHAPTER 53 OF TITLE 49, UNITED STATES CODE, AS 
AMENDED BY SECTION 3202 OF THIS ACT.

(a) In General.--Except as otherwise expressly provided, whenever 
in this section an amendment or repeal is expressed in terms of an 
amendment to, or a repeal of, a section or other provision of chapter 
53 of title 49, United States Code, the reference shall be considered 
to be made to chapter 53 of such title, as amended by section 3202 of 
this Act.
(b) General Amendment to Section 5303.--Chapter 53 of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 5302 the 
following:
``Sec. 5303. Authorizations.
``(a) Grants.--
``(1) In general.--There shall be available from the Mass 
Transit Account of the Highway Trust Fund to carry out sections 
5305, 5307, and 5310 through 5320--
``(A) $16,868,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(B) $17,205,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(C) $17,527,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(D) $17,835,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
``(E) $18,157,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(2) Allocation of funds.--Of the amounts made available 
to the Secretary under paragraph (1), the following allocations 
apply:
``(A) Administrative provisions.--To carry out 
section 5305--
``(i) $132,700,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $135,400,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $138,100,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(iv) $140,800,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $143,600,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(B) Urbanized area grants.--To carry out, in 
accordance with the formulas set for forth in section 
5304, section 5307--
``(i) $7,745,474,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $7,869,922,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $7,996,361,000 for fiscal year 
2029;
``(iv) $8,124,823,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $8,255,340,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(C) Grants for enhanced mobility of seniors and 
individuals with disabilities.--To carry out section 
5310--
``(i) $447,300,000 for fiscal year 2027, of 
which $10,000,000 is to carry out section 
5310(j);
``(ii) $453,100,000 for fiscal year 2028, 
of which $10,100,000 is to carry out section 
5310(j);
``(iii) $459,000,000 for fiscal year 2029, 
of which $10,200,000 is to carry out section 
5310(j);
``(iv) $465,000,000 for fiscal year 2030, 
of which $10,300,000 is to carry out section 
5310(j); and
``(v) $471,000,000 for fiscal year 2031, of 
which $10,400,000 is to carry out section 
5310(j).
``(D) Rural area grants.--To carry out section 
5311--
``(i) $1,007,622,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $1,023,742,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $1,040,122,000 for fiscal year 
2029;
``(iv) $1,056,764,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $1,073,672,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(E) Public transportation innovation.--To carry 
out section 5312--
``(i) $45,240,000 for fiscal year 2027, of 
which--
``(I) $5,000,000 to carry out 
section 5312(h); and
``(II) $7,371,000 to carry out 
section 5312(i);
``(ii) $45,960,000 for fiscal year 2028, of 
which--
``(I) $4,000,000 to carry out 
section 5312(h); and
``(II) $7,489,000 to carry out 
section 5312(i);
``(iii) $46,700,000 for fiscal year 2029, 
of which--
``(I) $3,000,000 to carry out 
section 5312(h); and
``(II) $7,609,000 to carry out 
section 5312(i);
``(iv) $47,440,000 for fiscal year 2030, of 
which--
``(I) $2,000,000 to carry out 
section 5312(h); and
``(II) $7,731,000 to carry out 
section 5312(i); and
``(v) $48,200,000 for fiscal year 2031, of 
which--
``(I) $0 to carry out section 
5312(h); and
``(II) $7,854,000 to carry out 
section 5312(i).
``(F) Planning programs.--To carry out section 
5313--
``(i) $222,930,000 for fiscal year 2027, of 
which $15,000,000 is to carry out section 
5305(i);
``(ii) $225,820,000 for fiscal year 2028, 
of which $15,200,000 is to carry out section 
5305(i);
``(iii) $228,760,000 for fiscal year 2029, 
of which $15,400,000 is to carry out section 
5305(i);
``(iv) $231,730,000 for fiscal year 2030, 
of which $15,600,000 is to carry out section 
5305(i); and
``(v) $234,750,000 for fiscal year 2031, of 
which $15,800,000 is to carry out section 
5305(i).
``(G) Technical assistance and workforce 
development.--To carry out section 5314--
``(i) $20,499,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $20,806,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $21,118,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(iv) $21,434,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $21,756,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(H) National transit database.--To carry out 
section 5315--
``(i) $6,235,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $6,335,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $6,436,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(iv) $6,539,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
``(v) $6,644,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(I) State of good repair grants.--To carry out 
section 5316--
``(i) $4,640,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $4,645,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $4,650,000,000 for fiscal year 
2029;
``(iv) $4,655,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $4,660,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(J) Grants for bus and bus facilities.--To carry 
out section 5317 (except for subsection (d))--
``(i) $1,695,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $1,863,710,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $2,014,891,000 for fiscal year 
2029;
``(iv) $2,149,550,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $2,295,508,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(K) Bus testing facility.--To carry out section 
5318--
``(i) $7,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $7,105,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $7,212,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(iv) $7,320,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
``(v) $7,430,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(L) Growing states and high density states.--To 
carry out section 5319--
``(i) $873,000,000 for fiscal year 2027, of 
which--
``(I) $445,230,000 to carry out 
section 5319(b); and
``(II) $427,770,000 to carry out 
section 5319(c);
``(ii) $883,100,000 for fiscal year 2028, 
of which--
``(I) $450,381,000 to carry out 
section 5319(b); and
``(II) $432,719,000 to carry out 
section 5319(c);
``(iii) $893,300,000 for fiscal year 2029, 
of which--
``(I) $455,583,000 to carry out 
section 5319(b); and
``(II) $437,717,000 to carry out 
section 5319(c);
``(iv) $903,600,000 for fiscal year 2030, 
of which--
``(I) $460,836,000 to carry out 
section 5319(b); and
``(II) $442,764,000 to carry out 
section 5319(c); and
``(v) $914,100,000 for fiscal year 2031, of 
which--
``(I) $466,191,000 to carry out 
section 5319(b); and
``(II) $447,909,000 to carry out 
section 5319(c).
``(M) Emergency relief program.--To carry out 
section 5320--
``(i) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(iii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(iv) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; 
and
``(v) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(b) Capital Investment Grants.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out section 5309 of this title--
``(1) $3,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
``(2) $3,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
``(3) $3,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
``(4) $3,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
``(5) $3,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
``(c) Oversight.--
``(1) In general.--Of the amounts made available under 
subsection (a)(1) to carry out a financial assistance program 
or a grant program referenced in subsection (a)(2) for a fiscal 
year, the Secretary may use not more than 0.7 percent of such 
amount in such fiscal year to conduct oversight activities for 
each respective program and for sections 5308 and 5329, 
including the activities described in paragraph (3).
``(2) Additional oversight.--
``(A) CIG program.--Of the amounts made available 
under subsection (b) for a fiscal year, the Secretary 
may use not more than 1 percent of such amount in such 
fiscal year to conduct oversight activities for the 
fixed guideway capital investment grants program, 
including activities described in paragraph (3).
``(B) Other.--Of the amounts made available under 
Section 601(f) of the Passenger Rail Investment and 
Improvement Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-432; 122 Stat. 
4970), the Secretary may use not more than 1 percent in 
a given fiscal year to conduct oversight activities, 
including the activities described in paragraph (3).
``(3) Activities.--The activities described in this 
paragraph are as follows:
``(A) Activities to oversee the construction of a 
major capital project.
``(B) Activities to review and audit the safety and 
security, procurement, management, and financial 
compliance of a recipient or subrecipient of funds 
under this chapter.
``(C) Activities to provide technical assistance 
generally, and to provide technical assistance to 
correct deficiencies identified in compliance reviews 
and audits carried out under this section.
``(D) Activities to carry out section 5305.
``(4) Government share of costs.--The Government shall pay 
the entire cost of carrying out a contract under this 
subsection.
``(5) Availability of certain funds.--Funds made available 
under paragraph (2) to conduct oversight activities related to 
the fixed guideway capital investment grants program shall be 
made available to the Secretary before allocating the funds 
appropriated to carry out any project under a full funding 
grant agreement.
``(d) Grants as Contractual Obligations.--
``(1) Grants financed from highway trust fund.--A grant or 
contract that is approved by the Secretary and financed with 
amounts made available from the Mass Transit Account of the 
Highway Trust Fund pursuant to this section is a contractual 
obligation of the Government to pay the Government share of the 
cost of the project.
``(2) Grants financed from general fund.--A grant or 
contract that is approved by the Secretary and financed with 
amounts appropriated in advance from the General Fund of the 
Treasury pursuant to this section is a contractual obligation 
of the Government to pay the Government share of the cost of 
the project only to the extent that amounts are appropriated 
for such purpose by an Act of Congress.
``(e) Availability of Amounts.--Amounts made available by or 
appropriated under this section shall remain available until 
expended.''.
(c) Technical Amendments.--Chapter 53 of title 49, United States 
Code, is amended--
(1) in section 5302--
(A) in paragraph (5)(N) by striking ``5339(c)'' and 
inserting ``5317(e)'';
(B) in paragraph (6)(A)--
(i) by striking ``5303 and 5304'' and 
inserting ``5331 and 5332''; and
(ii) by striking ``5336'' and inserting 
``5304''; and
(C) in paragraph (8)(A) by striking ``5334(c)'' and 
inserting ``5305(c)'';
(2) in section 5304--
(A) in subsection (b)(2)(E) by striking 
``5337(b)(3)'' and inserting ``5316(b)(3)'';
(B) in subsection (d)(1) by striking 
``5338(a)(2)(B)'' and inserting ``5303(a)(2)(B)''; and
(C) in subsection (h)--
(i) in the matter preceding paragraph (1) 
by striking ``5338(a)(2)(B)'' and inserting 
``5303(a)(2)(B)'';
(ii) in paragraph (1)--
(I) by striking ``5339(d)'' and 
inserting ``5317(d)''; and
(II) by striking ``5339(d)(2)(A)'' 
and inserting ``5317(d)(2)(A)''; and
(iii) in paragraph (5) by striking 
``5329(e)(6)'' and inserting ``5352(e)(6)'';
(3) in section 5305--
(A) in subsection (b)(1) by striking ``5329'' and 
inserting ``5352''; and
(B) in subsection (l)--
(i) in paragraph (1) by striking ``general 
purposes of this chapter under section 
5301(b)'' and inserting ``purpose of this 
chapter described in section 5301(a)''; and
(ii) in paragraph (4)(B) by striking 
``5306(a)'' and inserting ``5306(y)(1)'';
(4) in section 5306--
(A) in subsection (a)(1)(A) by striking ``sections 
5303, 5304, and 5306'' and inserti

[Text truncated for length — see the official source above for the complete bill.]