S. 4462

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 4462 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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119th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. 4462

To establish a publicly accessible database of individuals with 
convictions for violent crimes, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

April 30, 2026

Mr. Graham introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
referred to the Committee on the Judiciary

_______________________________________________________________________

A BILL

To establish a publicly accessible database of individuals with 
convictions for violent crimes, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

(a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as ``Logan's Law''.
(b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
TITLE I--VIOLENT CRIMINAL OFFENDER DATABASE

Sec. 101. Definitions.
Sec. 102. Database.
Sec. 103. State participation in database.
TITLE II--FEDERAL EFFORTS TO INCREASE DATA SHARING AMONG STATES

Sec. 201. Report and recommendations on information sharing.

TITLE I--VIOLENT CRIMINAL OFFENDER DATABASE

SEC. 101. DEFINITIONS.

In this title:
(1) Byrne jag grant program.--The term ``Byrne JAG grant 
program'' means the grant program established under subpart 1 
of part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
Streets Act of 1968 (34 U.S.C. 10151 et seq.).
(2) Database.--The term ``Database'' means the database 
established under section 102(a).
(3) Qualifying conviction.--The term ``qualifying 
conviction''--
(A) means any conviction for an offense that--
(i) is punishable by imprisonment for a 
term exceeding 180 days, regardless of the 
sentence actually imposed; and
(ii)(I) has as an element the use, 
attempted use, or threatened use of physical 
force against the person or property of 
another; or
(II) by its nature, involves a substantial 
risk that physical force against the person or 
property of another may be used in the course 
of committing the offense; and
(B) does not include any conviction--
(i) that has been expunged, vacated, set 
aside, or otherwise rendered legally 
inoperative under Federal or State law; or
(ii) if the person who committed the 
offense of conviction has been pardoned for the 
offense pursuant to a full and unconditional 
pardon.
(4) State.--The term ``State'' means a State of the United 
States, the District of Columbia, any commonwealth, territory, 
or possession of the United States, and a tribal organization.
(5) Tribal organization.--The term ``tribal organization'' 
has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-
Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).

SEC. 102. DATABASE.

(a) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall establish a publicly 
accessible database of all individuals with qualifying convictions, to 
be known as the ``Violent Criminal Offender Database''.
(b) Requirements.--The Attorney General shall ensure that--
(1) the Database includes both Federal and State records of 
qualifying convictions;
(2) to the extent practicable, the Database utilizes 
records collected by the Federal Bureau of Investigation;
(3) the Database is available free of charge to the public;
(4) the Database is searchable by--
(A) name;
(B) address;
(C) date of birth;
(D) sex;
(E) race;
(F) nationality;
(G) citizenship status;
(H) type of conviction;
(I) current and historical probation status related 
to a qualifying conviction, including information on 
any probation revocation or violation;
(J) jurisdiction of each qualifying conviction;
(K) the maximum fine and term of imprisonment 
authorized, and the actual fine and term of 
imprisonment imposed, for each qualifying conviction;
(L) whether each qualifying conviction was the 
result of a plea agreement or a trial;
(M) the sentencing judge for each qualifying 
conviction;
(N) the prosecuting office for each qualifying 
conviction; and
(O) any other searchable category the Attorney 
General determines appropriate to ensure the safety of 
the public; and
(5) the public is informed of the availability of the 
Database.
(c) Updates.--
(1) In general.--Not less frequently than quarterly, the 
Attorney General shall update the Database.
(2) Removal of persons with legally inoperative 
convictions.--Upon determining that a conviction for which a 
person has been listed in the Database no longer constitutes a 
qualifying conviction by reason of section 101(3)(B), the 
Attorney General shall remove the person from the Database with 
respect to that conviction.

SEC. 103. STATE PARTICIPATION IN DATABASE.

(a) Submission of Data.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, and on an ongoing basis thereafter, each State 
that receives amounts under the Byrne JAG grant program shall submit to 
the Attorney General all data regarding qualifying convictions entered 
by a court of the State or a political subdivision of the State 
necessary for the Attorney General to comply with section 102.
(b) Byrne JAG Grant Penalty for Noncompliance.--The Attorney 
General--
(1) shall not distribute amounts under the Bryne JAG grant 
program to a State that is not in compliance with subsection 
(a); and
(2) in the case of amounts under the Byrne JAG grant 
program that the Attorney General would have distributed to a 
State but for the prohibition under paragraph (1) of this 
subsection, may, at the discretion of the Attorney General, and 
without regard to the requirements and limitations under 
section 505 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
Streets Act of 1968 (34 U.S.C. 10156), distribute those amounts 
directly to units of local government in the State, which shall 
be in addition to the grants required to be made directly to 
units of local government under subsection (d) of such section 
505.

TITLE II--FEDERAL EFFORTS TO INCREASE DATA SHARING AMONG STATES

SEC. 201. REPORT AND RECOMMENDATIONS ON INFORMATION SHARING.

Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Attorney General shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of 
the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
Representatives a report that includes the following:
(1) A description of the current process and procedure for 
sharing criminal records, including fingerprint, warrant, and 
criminal history data--
(A) between the States; and
(B) between the States and the Federal Government.
(2) The identification of any procedural or process burdens 
that can or could result in criminal records not being shared 
between prosecutorial offices or departments, to the extent 
that such burdens result in harm to the public.
(3) Recommendations for both the Department of Justice and 
Congress to ensure that criminal records are shared between 
relevant prosecutorial offices and law enforcement agencies of 
States and between such offices and agencies of States and the 
Federal Government such that the public is protected from 
criminal offenders.
(4) Any other matters, issues, laws, compacts, or 
regulations that the Attorney General identifies as detrimental 
to the goal of ensuring that--
(A) the records of criminal offenders are shared 
with prosecutors nationwide; and
(B) repeat criminal offenders are not given 
inappropriately light sentences due to their records 
not being shared as described in subparagraph (A).
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