Signed the Americans for Tax Reform Taxpayer Protection Pledge, a written commitment to oppose and vote against any and all tax increases.

Stated position. What this official has said they believe on this issue — a sourced claim, shown distinctly from any assessment of what they did. It is never scored and never affects the Integrity Score.

Derived from a tracked promise: “Signed the Americans for Tax Reform Taxpayer Protection Pledge, a written commitment to oppose and vote against any and all tax increases.”